The Joint Load Transfer (LTE) is important for both design and evaluation of concrete pavements. Numerous researches have been published to determine different factors that affect the load transfer efficiency through Finite Element Method (FEM) and field measurements. Most of these researches are using static analysis. Previous study pointed out the weakness of the assumption of this analysis and successfully differentiate the dynamic stress-based LTE with static stress-based LTE through FEM. Usually deflection based LTE(w) is being evaluated in the field through Heavy Weight Deflectometer (HWD). This test is a dynamic test which typically uses peak displacement and assumed to be static displacement when similar amount of static loading is applied. The calculation of LTE(w) in the field involves the ratio of the peak displacement of unloaded to loaded slab. Using this LTE(w) calculation, there were instances that high values were obtained from spalled joints and joints with wider opening. This study attempts to provide a better characterization of the condition of the joint. A time-based LTE(t) using the time delay were investigated and correlated with the current LTE(w) using a 24 hour measurement of deflection from asphalt and concrete pavement, with a 3-hour interval done in Gimpo International Airport. Wider values of LTE(t) were obtained while the deflection-based LTE(w) shows almost similar values. The time-based LTE(t) shows better relationship with the physical condition of the joint than LTE(w). It shows that LTE(t) can characterized the condition of the joint. This result will be used for further study to improve the measurement of load transfer efficiency of concrete pavement joints

This study was conducted to Jindo dogsprovide whether Jindo dogs can distinguish cancer cells, early detection. Jindo dogs were trained for cancer detection based on obedience, smell recognition, and tracking. Cancer detection training was designed to enable detection of lung cells (A549), prostate cells (PC 3), or breast cells (MCF7) among 9 pure media. Four Jindo dogs were trained by the same trainer and our different results were obtained (true positive, true negative, false positive, false negative). The accuracy was 85%, 82%, 92%, and 81% for sensitivity and 95%, 89%, 95%, and 93% for specificity. In addition, 4 Jindo dogs can find what is the cancer cell cannot distinguish 3 kinds of (A549, PC3, MCF7). Jindo dogs can detect cancerous cells through human’s breath and urine.