We have examined morphological change and movements of individual sunspots within a sunspot group in association with a large solar flare activity (3B/X1.5) appeared on 13 May 1981. For this purpose we measured distance among spots during the period before and after the flare activity and estimated the average velocity of their movement. Our main results are as follows: (1) The longitudinal displacement among sunspots are generally greater than the latitudinal displacement. (2) During the period the spots moved with an average velocity of 1.2 km/s in longitude and 0.86 km/s in latitude. (3) The most notable change took place in the central part placed between the two ribbons of the flare.

This research aimed at studying the role of self-enhancing imagery and self goal-achievement emotion in the effect of characteristics perceived at advertisements using multisensory cues on purchase intention. Sports shoes advertisement was selected as an empirical research object. Questionnaire survey method was used to collect data. ‘WenJuanXing’ site was used to make the questionnaire in Chinese, and it was loaded on WeChat and QQ. 260 participants from different regions of China participated in online questionnaire survey. The results of testing the hypotheses by structural equation model in Amos 21.0 program are summarized as followings. The congruency between multisensory cues and self-discrepancy awareness positively evoked the self-enhancing imagery and the self goal-achievement emotion. The object relevance between the consumer and the product advertised did not induce the emotion, but evoked the self-enhancing imagery. Both of the self-enhancing imagery and the self goal-achievement emotion had positive effects on the product purchase intention. When developing advertisement, marketers should focus on multisensory cues’ characteristics to enhance the self-enhancing imageries as well as to help feel the goal-achievement emotion. They should pay attention to the ways by which the multisensory cues’ characteristics used to develop advertisement can be perceived to be congruent with each other by consumers.

Chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs), in which each line carries a single or a few defined chromosome segment of donor genome and has a pure genetic background from a recurrent genotype, is a fundamental approach to conduct the QTL mapping in order to improve the mapping precision. In the present study, variety ‘ZM36’ (Gossypium. hirsutum) and ‘Hai1’ (Gossypium. Barbadense) were used as recurrent and donor parent to produce a segment substitution lines populations, respectively. The results indicated that most of fiber quality traits, yield-related traits and verticillium wilt traits fit the normal distribution in the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In 133 lines of BC4S2:3 generation fiber length longer the recurrent parent has 37, micronaire lower than the recurrent parent has 58, Fiber strength over than the recurrent parent has 34. In 199 individuals of BC4S2:4 generation fiber length longer the recurrent parent has 37, micronaire lower than the recurrent parent has 36, Fiber strength over than the recurrent parent has 49. Fiber length had significantly positive correlation with fiber strength and negative correlation with micronaire, seed index had significantly positive correlation with boll weight and negative correlation with lint percentage, lint percentage had negative correlation with fiber length and strength.

Most traits of crop are quantitative, which are controlled by polygenes. Finely mapping ofquantitative trait loci (QTLs) is very important for cotton genetic improvement. Chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) containing only one or a few segments of donor chromosome introgressed into a recipient genetic background can be used for QTL fine mapping and map-based cloning. In this study, the Gossypium. hirsutum variety ‘ZM36’ and Gossypium. barbadense ‘Hai1’ were respectively used as recurrent and donor parent to produce a segment substitution lines populations, including the BC4F2:3 and BC4S2:4 generations, by using microsatellite marker-assisted selection (MAS). We obtained 283 SSR marks by taking about the average 5 cM distance selection marks on this map, and these marks were carried to the molecular examination with to two populations. The results showedthat recurrent parent genetic background already to restore the very high degree through the high generation of backcross.