Indonesia is a disaster-prone archipelagic country and one of the world's largest emitters. Climate change has increased the risk of disasters in Indonesia, such as rising sea levels leading to floods. This is undoubtedly a threat to the Indonesian population in coastal areas and small islands. They will be forced to become Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) if sea levels continue to rise and drown their houses. The number of IDPs in Indonesia has increased significantly in recent years. While IDPs have a legal status and are entitled to protection from the state, there is unfortunately no specific provision for IDPs due to climate disasters in Indonesia. This article examines the legal protection afforded to IDPs in Indonesia as a result of climate-related disasters; deals with the existing legal framework for IDPs; and assesses its adequacy in addressing the specific challenges faced by climate-related IDPs.

Coral reefs are a source of marine diversity that must be protected, not only for the relationship between their ecosystem and other biota, but also for their economic value. Indonesia is an archipelagic country with 116 small islands and groups of small islands that are susceptible to ecological damage. Indonesia possesses a great diversity of flora and fauna, including coral reefs. Indonesia’s sea territory is twothirds the size of its land territory, and much of the nation’s ecological diversity lies within this water expanse. As coral reefs form a part of Indonesia’s marine diversity, we must protect them. This paper will discuss Indonesian regulations pertaining to the protection of coral reefs with a particular focus on Radja Ampat, Papua. The principal sources of relevant Indonesian statutory law are Law No. 23 Year 1997, regarding Environmental Management, and Law No. 5 Year 1990, regarding Biological Diversity and Ecosystems. These laws may be used to protect marine environments, especially coral reefs. At the international level, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Convention on Biological Diversity complement the laws enacted by Indonesia. Radja Ampat is located in Papua Province, and is known as a premier diving site. Surveys have brought Raja Ampat’s total number of confirmed species of coral to 537, representing an incredible 75% of all known coral species. Sadly, marine pollution in Radja Amapt is decreasing both the quality and quantity of coral reefs.