As concerns about the pursuit of well-being culture and interest in safe food has increased and demand for organic agricultural products are increasing. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence pattern of diseases and pests and to select effective organic materials for control of diseases and pests in organic watermelon. The watermelon was damaged by diseases and pests such as Didymella bryoniae, Podosphaera xanthii, Aphis gossypii, Tetranychus urticae, thrips, Spodoptera exigua, and Spodoptera litura. Among them, powdery mildew and cotton aphid are major disease and pest in organic watermelon. The occurrence of powdery mildew and cotton aphid initiated in the middle of May in Chungju and Eumseong. The control efficacy for eleven organic materials against powdery mildew was evaluated. As the results, the symptoms of plant disease were effectively reduced by more than 85% in the treatments of materials such as sodium bicarbonate 80% and sulfur 80%. The treatment of TFM-6 (insect repellent 2%+paraffin oil 68%) and TFM-7(cinnamomum ext. 10%+derris ext. 20% + citranella oil 30%) showed by more than 80% in control efficiency against cotton aphid. Tstudy was supported by the research project of RDA.(Project No.: PJ0125302018)

To understand the postharvest characteristics of soybean sprouts, 5-day-old sprouts were harvested, packed in PE film, and stored at 4, 12, and 20~circC for up to 4 days. In addition, the sprout respiration rate was measured after storage at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24~circC for up to 20h. During the first day of storage at 20~circC , the sprouts maintained temperature-dependent longitudinal growth, especially of hypocotyl length; hypocotyl and root grew 0.8cm and 0.2cm, respectively. The hypocotyl thickness decreased by 11, 13, and 18~% after 4 days of storage at 4, 12, and 20~circC , respectively. No temperature-dependent differences in fresh weight, dry weight, or water content were found, despite decreases of 3~% over the 4 days of storage. A significant postharvest decrease of 50~% in vitamin C content was observed in the sprouts stored at 20~circC for 3days. Based on the CO2 production rate, the soybean sprouts exhibited an increase in respiration in proportion to the storage temperature; sprouts stored at 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24~circC showed approximately 2, 5, 6, 11, and 17 times, respectively, than the respiration rate of sprouts stored at 4~circC . These results indicate the importance of low temperature storage during market circulation for minimizing the postharvest morphological and nutritional degradation of soybean sprouts.

Various light intensity and light quality were treated to oat seedlings to investigate the effect of light on the chlorophyll accumulation and the formation of chlorophyll-protein complexes. The increase of total chlorophyll accumulation and Chl (chlorophyll) a/b ratio was promoted under H (high intensity) white light during oat chloroplast development when compared to L (low intensity) white light. Also H white right was more effective in the formation of chlorophyll-protein complexes associated with PSI, CCI and CCII than L white light. The seedlings grown in various light quality caused little changes in total chlorophyll and Chl a/b ratio when compared to those grown in L white light. The assembly of LHCII trimer was more affected by L white light treatment in the formation of-chlorophyll-protein complexes than red light treatment. The effect of blue light on the relative composition of chlorophyll-protein complexes was similar to that of L white light. Particualrly, blue light was more effective in the synthesis of LHCII monomer than the other hot quality at the early stage of greening. When compared to red light, blue light was more effective in the formation of LHCII monomer. These results suggest that light intensity is more effective in the increase of chlorophyll accumulation and Chl a/b ratio than light quality, and light quality may be an important factor for the regulation of the organization in the chlorophyll-protein complexes during greening.