In recent years, the efficient and clean utilization of coal has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. Despite the abundance of global coal resources, the deep utilization rate of coal is still insufficient. To address this challenge, it has been explored the development and preparation of coal-based high value-added carbonaceous materials. In the present study, a novel process was developed for the preparation of graphene using biphenyl sourced from low-rank coal. Using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology, it was successfully implemented for us to grow high-quality graphene on copper foils. The prepared graphene products were observed and characterized using Raman spectroscopy, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The results of this research provide a new perspective for the utilization of low-rank coal resources.

본 논문은 하르친 몽골족 전통 음악 종류를 연구 대상으로 삼는다. 주로 내몽골 민족 대학교 음악 문화 센터에서 복제한 궁중 악기 18개를 연구 자료로 활용하여 몽골족 궁중 악기 제작 및 연주 방법을 설명하고자 한다. 본 논문의 본문은 총 4장으로 구성되어 있다. 제1장에서는 몽골족 전통 음악 종류의 기원과 현황을 서술한다. 제2장에서는 하르친 전통 악기 제작 현황에 대해 논술한다. 하르친 지역의 민속 악기 제작 계승자인 포설봉(包雪峰)과 악기 연주 전승자와의 인터뷰를 결합하여 하르친 음악에 대한 악기의 영향을 탐색하고 주관적이고 객관적인 관점에서 악기를 만드는 과정을 분석한다. 제3장에서는 하르친의 몽골족 궁정 음악 스타일과 기본 형태를 분석한다. 하르친 문화 센터와 결합하여 하르친 전통 음악 모음곡의 각색 및 재현에 대해 전반적으로 알아본다. 그리고 레퍼토리를 수집 하여 악기가 음악 형식에 미치는 영향을 탐구한다. 나아가 몽골족 전통 악기와 전통 예술 통합의 형태 특징을 확인하여 하르친 궁중 음악을 보다 직관적으로 알아본다. 제4장에서는 하르친 궁중 음악의 전승과 존재의 현실 의미를 서술한다. 대중들로 하여금 몽골족 궁중 음악에 대해 더 많이 알게 한다. 따라서 필자는 본 논문을 통해 몽골족 전통 궁중 음악이 더 큰 맥락에서 몽골족 음악의 정화를 더욱 흡수하고 나아가 음악 형태와 음악 내용을 탐색하고 분석하고자 한다. 대중들로 하여금 몽골족 전통 음악의 전승과 혁신에 대해 직관적이고 체계적이며 전면적으로 이해하게 하길 바란다.

하르친 지역의 대표적인 민족 악기 몽고 사호이다. ‘하르친’ 은 몽고어로 ‘궁수’라는 뜻이다. ‘하르친’은 칭기스칸의 호위대 이름으로, 칭기즈칸의 친동생인 하살이 호위대 대장을 맡았다. 그 후에 칭기스칸은 하살에게 땅을 분봉해 주고, 이 땅을 ‘하르 친’이라고 이름 지었는데, 이때부터 그 이름이 전해져 오늘에 이른다고 전해진다. 사호는 삼현, 피리, 마두금과 함께 몽고족 악기 4대 악기로 불릴 만큼 몽고족 음악에서 사호의 중요성을 알 수 있다. 사호 의 기원은 일찍부터 선진 시대의 현악기 ‘현도(弦鼗)’로 거슬러 올라갈 수 있다. 당나라 때 중국 북방 유목민족인 해족이 ‘현 도’를 바탕으로 ‘해금’을 만들었다. 대략 송나라 때 북방 유목민 족에서는 해금 대신 말총으로 활을 치는 방식의 ‘말꼬리 호금’ 이 등장했다. 원대의 궁정 악대는 ‘사현 제금’에 관한 기록이 있다. 사료로 추측하여 볼 때 당시 ‘사현 제금’ 구조는 몽고의 사호와 비슷하다. 청대 중후반, 오늘날 몽고 사호의 구조가 확 정되기 시작하여 지금까지 전해왔다. 일찍이 사호의 구조가 형 성하기 전에 사호의 ‘조상’은 몽고족의 정신, 문화, 생활과 밀접 하게 관련되어 있으며, 궁정의 귀족으로부터 민간인까지 모두 ‘사호’ 예술에 대한 사랑을 드러낸다. 하르친의 민간 음악은 사호가 없으면 안 된다. 아무리 민간 오락, 무대공연, 관광 공연, 설창 문예, 기악 합주를 해도 민간 음악만 있으면 어디서나 사호를 볼 수 있다. 최근 몇 년간 하 르친 지역에서는 많은 수의 사호 연주자와 사호 개량사가 등장 하였다. 자신의 연주 경험을 바탕으로 완성되고 체계적인 연주 기법을 정리하고, 전통적인 사호 연주의 한계를 개선하여 안정 적이고 성숙하게 만들고, 사호 개발과 전달에 이바지했다. 그들 은 자신의 연주 경험에 근거하여 완전하고 체계적인 연주 기법 을 정리하고, 전통적인 사호의 한계를 개선하여 더 안정적이고 성숙하게 만들고, 사호의 발전과 전승에 기여한다. 동시에 하르 친의 사호 연주자들은 자신의 스타일 특성을 결합하여 하르친 민요를 개편하고, 하르친의 독특한 정취를 가진 몽고 사호 악기 곡을 만들고, 하르친 몽고 사호 예술의 중요한 부분이 되었다.

Low thermal conductivity carbon fibers from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are currently being explored as an alternative for traditional rayon-based carbon fibers with a thermal conductivity of 4 W/m K. Compared to multiple component electrospinning, this research demonstrated another feasible way to make low thermal conductivity carbon fibrous material by electrospinning PAN followed by carbonization and alkali activation. The effects of activation condition on microstructure, pore formation, and thermal conductivity of the resultant carbon nanofibrous material were investigated. The processing-structure-thermal conductivity relationship was revealed and mechanism of thermal conductivity reduction was discussed. The overall thermal conductivity of the prepared carbon nanofibrous material is a result of combined effects from factors of carbon structure and number of pores rather than volume of pores or specific surface area. The activated carbon nanofibrous materials showed thermal conductivity as low as 0.12 W/m K, which is a reduction of ~ 99% when compared to that of solid carbon film and a reduction of ~ 95% when compared to that of carbon nanofibrous material before activation.

As a classical performing art and folk art in Japan, Japanese culture and music was listed on the intangible cultural heritage in 2003. From the perspective of academic history, this paper combs the historical origin of Japanese Ningyo, the artistic characteristics of Japanese Ningyo, Japanese Ningyo and kabuki, and the ecological status and protection of Japanese literary Ningyo by collecting, sorting out and reading and analyzing the literature objects of Japanese Ningyo research in China, tries to reflect the current research situation of Japanese literature and music, and to provide reference for further study of Japanese literature and music in the future.

The KVN(Korean VLBI Network)-style simultaneous multi-frequency receiving mode is demonstrated to be promising for mm-VLBI observations. Recently, other Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) facilities all over the globe start to implement compatible optics systems. Simultaneous dual/multi-frequency VLBI observations at mm wavelengths with international baselines are thus possible. In this paper, we present the results from the first successful simultaneous 22/43 GHz dualfrequency observation with KaVA(KVN and VERA array), including images and astrometric results. Our analysis shows that the newly implemented simultaneous receiving system has brought a significant extension of the coherence time of the 43 GHz visibility phases along the international baselines. The astrometric results obtained with KaVA are consistent with those obtained with the independent analysis of the KVN data. Our results thus confirm the good performance of the simultaneous receiving systems for the non-KVN stations. Future simultaneous observations with more global stations bring even higher sensitivity and micro-arcsecond level astrometric measurements of the targets.

This study researched the population of ecological characteristics of the goldeyes rockfish Sebasetes thompsoni sampled by gill net in the Ulleungdo area from February 2013 to February 2014 in order to assess the current stock status and provide scientific advice for management implementation. The instantaneous coefficient of total mortality (Z) was 0.78/year and the survival rate (S) was 0.459. The instantaneous coefficient of natural mortality (M) was 0.461/year. Based on the estimates of Z and M, the instantaneous coefficient of fishing mortality (F) was 0.318/year. The age at first capture (tc) was 4.41/years. Current Yield-per-recruit (YPR) was 30.83 g, and fishing mortality at maximum YPR (Fmax) and fishing mortality corresponding to 10% of the maximum slope in YPR curve (F0.1) were 3.257/year and 0.673/year, respectively. F35% and F40%, indicating fishing mortalities at 35% and 40% of maximum Spawning biomass-per-recruit (SBPR), were 0.619/year and 0.509/year, respectively. Based on the biological reference points, fishing mortality at overfished threshold yield (FOTY) was calculated as 0.509/year. Current SBPR/SBPRMSY was 1.313 above 1.0, which means ‘not overfishe,’ while current F/FOTY was 0.629 below 1.0, which indicates ‘not overfishing.’ In conclusion, the current status of goldeyes rockfish was located in green zone (i.e., not overfished and not overfishing) according to the revised Kobe plot.

In recent years, with the development of economy, the proportion of building energy consumption in the national energy consumption is growing. To reduce building energy consumption, has become an important measure to reduce energy consumption, and on the basis of general building sustainability into the design is closely related to residential design. To restrict the problems existing in the cold region residential energy saving construction in our country, the study of cold region in winter heating technology to design, is to summarize a set of suitable heating technology applied in the cold region sustainable residential promotion. The article is divided into five parts, the first part is the introduction, describes the research background, contents, methods, purpose, etc.; The second part mainly introduces the passive solar energy heating technology; The third part mainly introduces the sustainability of residential status and development prospects; The fourth part is how to passive solar heating technology is applied to sustainable residence that is application techniques to explore. The fifth part is through the research, the conclusion and the outlook for the future.

In recent years, with the development of economy, the proportion of building energy consumption in the national energy consumption is growing. To reduce building energy consumption, has become an important measure to reduce energy consumption, and on the basis of general building sustainability into the design is closely related to residential design. To restrict the problems existing in the cold region residential energy saving construction in our country, the study of cold region in winter heating technology to design, is to summarize a set of suitable heating technology applied in the cold region sustainable residential promotion. The article is divided into five parts, the first part is the introduction, describes the research background, contents, methods, purpose, etc.; The second part mainly introduces the passive solar energy heating technology; The third part mainly introduces the sustainability of residential status and development prospects; The fourth part is how to passive solar heating technology is applied to sustainable residence that is application techniques to explore. The fifth part is through the research, the conclusion and the outlook for the future.

In this paper, the effect of different land-use types on soil organic carbon (SOC) and Particulate Organic Carbon(POC) was studied by analyzing the soils in the meadow and conversing land of grassland to cropland in ecotones of agriculture and animal husbandry. It is shown t㏊t, compared with meadow, rotations of P/O and P/Cwill reduce SOC in 0-30㎝ soil layers by 47.54%-65.11% and 34.16-64.26% and POC by 16.90%-24.48% and 11.94%-20.29%, respectively. And SOC in meadow is more t㏊n in conversing land of grassland to cropland (P＜0.05). Conversing grassland to cropland in ecotones of agriculture and animal husbandry will decrease the contents of SOC and POC.