이 논문에서는 가상현실 기법을 적용한 항로표지 훈련장치로서, 프로토 타입의 항로표지 시뮬레이션 시스템(AtoNSiS) 개발에 관하여 기술하였다. 항로표지에 대한 시뮬레이션 경험을 향상하기 위하여 3차원으로 측방표지와 방위표지를 제작한 후, IALA-B 방식에 의거한 가상의 3차원 항로를 구축하였다. 이 연구에서 개발한 AtoNSiS는 시뮬레이션 모듈(SM)과 설명 모듈(EM)로 구성하였는데, SM은 다양한 해상환경 변화가 가능한 가상의 항해 공간을 사용하여 IALA-B 시스템을 학습하기 위한 기능을 갖는다. EM은 생성한 3차원 측방 및 방위표지를 이용하여 각 표지들의 상세한 특성을 학습하기 위한 기능을 갖는다. 이러한 AtoNSiS에 대한 설계개념과 개발과정 및 시뮬레이션 실험 등을 나타냈다. 5명의 시청자를 대상으로 실험한 결과 AtoNSiS가 유용함을 알 수 있었다.

The paper is the second part on the 3-D sound-field creation implementing the Virtual Reality Ship Handling Simyulator(VRSHS). As mentioned in the previous part Ⅰ, the spatial impression, which arose from reproduced 3-D sound-field , give natural sound environmental context to a listener. This spatial impression is due to the reverberation by reflections and ,is can be obtain by using Head-Related Transfer Function(HRTF). In this work, we foumulate early and late reverberation models of the HRTF's with theoretical control factors based on the sound-energy distribution in an irregularly shaped enclosures. Using the reverberation models, we report results from psychophysical tests used to asses the validity of the proposed 3-D soud-field control method.

This paper describes elemental technologies for the creation of three-dimensional(3-D) sound-field to implement the next-generation Ship Handling Simulator with human -computer interaction, known as Virtual Reality. In the virtual reality system, Head-Related Transfer Functions(HRTF's) are used to generate 3-D sound environmental context. Where, the HRTF's are impulse response characterizing the acoustical transformation in a space. This work is divided into two parts, the part Ⅰis mainly for the model constructions of the HRTF's, the part Ⅱis for the control of 3-D sound-field by using the HRTF's . In this paper, as first part, we search for the theory to formulate models of the HRTF's which reduce the dimensionalityof the formulation without loss of any directional information . Using model HRTF's we report results from psychophysical tests used to asses the validity of the proposed modleing method.

The routes of coastal passenger ships are important in the light of both economic and social view point. Islands around the Korean peninsular can be actually dominated by linking them with land by the ships. The service quality of the route is not high enough to satisfy habitants in the islands. The income of the service-users is increasing so that they expect better service in terms of ship's speed and cabin. The reality is not, however, good to motivate ship-owners to replace aged ships with new and large ones. The situation is caused by low passenger-fare and inefficient management. Therefore the fare should be raised and the fare system should be innovated. And the number of passenger ship companies should be reduced from 42 to 20 by merger and acquisition.