In this study, extinction limit and emission characteristics of COG(Coke Oven Gas), was numerically investigated using counterflow nonpremixed flames to verify usage as a combustion fuel. Also, ammonia (NH3) added COG was studied to reduce carbon emission. OPPDIF code with GRI 3.0 detailed kinetic mechanism was used to predict the extinction limit, EINOx and NO production rates. As results, the extinction limit of COG was greatly expanded compared to CH4, and it was confirmed that the maximum flame temperature at the extinction point was also greatly reduced due to H2, which accounts for 55% of COG. When NH3 was added, the extinction limits gradually decreased, and the maximum flame temperature at the extinction point increased, which is due to the low combustion reactivity of NH3. Meanwhile, it can be confirmed that NOx emissions increased rapidly as NH3 was added.

This study evaluated the odor mitigation effect of rice husk biochar addition to the bedded pack dairy barn floor using lab-scale reactors for five days. Rice husk biochar mixed with dairy manure and sawdust mixture at different ratios (5%-addition test unit: adding biochar by 5% of the total solid weight of the mixture, 10%-addition test unit: adding biochar by 10% of the total solid weight of the mixture). Cumulative NH3 and H2S emissions of 10%-addition test unit were reduced by 26% (p< 0.05) and 46% (p = 0.0655), respectively, compared with control. However, 5%-addition test unit did not show NH3 and H2S emission reduction. Further research is needed to determine the appropriate level of biochar addition between 5 and 10%, and to evaluate applicability in the field through economic analysis.