인류는 석유 및 가스 자원의 확보를 위하여 전 세계 해역에 해양플랜트 구조물을 설치해 왔다. 하지만 이들의 수명은 약 30년으로 약 30%의 해양플랜트 구조물들이 수명을 다한 채 전 세계해역에 폐기물로 방치되어 있다. 이미 오랫동안 선진국을 중심으로 노후화된 해양플랜트 구조물의 철거 또는 재활용방안에 대해 논의해 왔으며, 미국 및 유럽에서는 인공어초 재활용 방법을 이용하여 해양플랜트 구조물을 해체하고 있다. 현재 해양플랜트 해체시장은 2020년에서 2025년까지 약 5% 이상의 연평균 복합 성장률로 증가할 것으로 예상하며, 그중 가장 빠르게 성장하고 있는 중국의 해양플랜트 해체시장은 2027년까지 약 16억 달러까지 성장할 것으로 예측하고 있다. 이러한 배경을 바탕으로 본 논문은 해양플랜트 구조물 해체에 관한 국제법제 현황 및 문제점에 대해 알아보고, 나아가 현재 해양플랜트 해체산업을 중점적으로 육성하고자 하는 중국의 국내 법제를 검토하고자 한다.

According to the nuclear safety act, the enforcement regulations and the notification of the atomic energy commission, a preliminary decommissioning plan must be submitted at all domestic nuclear facilities. In accordance with this preliminary decommissioning plan, it is required to prepare eleven items from the outline of the decommissioning plan of the nuclear facility to the fire protection. Currently, the nuclear fuel cycle facility operated by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) consists of a radioactive waste form test facility (RWFTF), a post irradiation examination facility (PIEF), a radioactive waste treatment facility (RWTF), and a radioactive waste storage facility (RWSF). The decommissioning strategies, decommissioning methods and dismantling activities of these nuclear facilities are described in this paper. The scope of decommissioning, the dismantling method, the final conditions of the site, the management of radioactive waste, and the cost of decommissioning are established in the decommissioning strategy. The decommissioning schedule, work order, basic principle and technical feasibility are determined at the method of decommissioning. The disinfection techniques and activity plans for facilities and sites contaminated with radioactive materials are described at the dismantling activity. Therefore, this paper describes the concept of decommissioning of the nuclear fuel cycle facilities and prepares a preliminary decommissioning plan to be prepared afterwards.

Scheduling of dismantling old research reactor need to consider time, cost and safety for the worker. The biggest issue when dismantling facility for research reactor is safety for the worker and cost. Large portion of a budget is spending for the labor cost. To save labor cost for the worker, reducing a lead time is inevitable. Several algorithms applied to reduce read time, and safety considered as the most important factor for this project. This research presents three different dismantling scheduling scenarios. Best scenario shows the specific scheduling for worker and machine, so that it could save time and cost.

Kori Unit 1, the first commercial nuclear power plant (NPP) in Korea, was permanently shut down in 2017 and was scheduled for decommissioning. Various programs must be planned early in the decommissioning process to safely decommission NPPs. Radiological characterization is a key program in decommissioning and should be a high priority. Radiological characterization involves determining the decommissioning technology to be applied to a nuclear facility by identifying the radiation sources and radioactive contaminants present within the facility and assessing the extent and nature of the radioactive contaminants to be removed from the facility. This study introduces the regulatory requirements, procedures, and implementation methods for radiological characterization and proposes a methodology to link the results of radiological characterizations for each stage. To link radiological characteristics, this study proposes to conduct radiological characterization in the decommissioning phase to verify the results of radiological characterization in the transitional phase of decommissioning NPPs. This enables significantly reducing the scope and content of radiological characterization that must be performed in the decommissioning phase and maintaining the connection with the previous phase.