The objective of this study was to identify the main floral scents and their relative contents in the floral organ of Nelumbo nucifera. N. nucifera flower, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is rich in volatile compounds. In this study, the volatile components of N. nucifera flowers were investigated by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for each organ of the flower: petals, sepals, pistils, and stamens. In total, we identified 39 compounds, among which aliphatics were major constituents, representing more than 94% of petals and sepals volatiles, followed by sesquiterpenes representing more than 69% of pistils and stamens volatiles. Pentadecane, 1-pentadecene, 8-hexadecyne, 8-heptadecene, and β-caryophyllene characterize the scent of the N. nucifera flower. We identified 24 volatiles in petals and sepals, 25 volatiles in pistils, and 18 volatiles in stamens. Among the monoterpenes, 3-Isopropylidene-4-methylcyclohexene, isoterpinolene, p-Menth-2-en-7-ol, and methyl 2,6,6- trimethylcyclohex-1-enecarboxylate were analyzed and identified for the first time from the N. nucifera flower. This study demonstrates that N. nucifera flowers differ greatly in volatile composition depending on the floral organ of the plant.

HS-SPME법을 이용하여 한국 서남해 연안해역에서 Sea-nine 211, Irgarol 1051, Diuron과 같은 방오제의 분포 특성을 검토하였다. 반감기가 짧은 Sea-nine 211은 모든 시료채취지점 및 지역의 해수와 퇴적물에서 아주 낮은 농도 또는 검출한계 이하로 분포하였다. Irgarol 1051은 해수 및 퇴적물에서의 최고 농도가 각각 6.98μg/L, 28.50 ng/g-dry wt로 검출되었으며, 지역별 분포 특성은 나타나지 않았다. 반감기가 가장 길고 생물 농축성이 강한 Diuron은 모든 시료채취 지점에서 Sea-nine 211과 Irgarol 1051보다 높은 농도로 분포하였으며, Mo7(목포)의 퇴적물에서 최고농도(3882.22 ng/g-dry wt)로 분석되었다. Irgarol 1051과 Diuron은 조선산업단지 및 선박정박지가 위치하고 있는 지점에서 높은 농도로 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 퇴적물에서의 방오제 분포는 내만에서 외만으로 그 농도가 낮아졌다. 이러한 결과로부터 방오제는 내만에 위치하고 있는 항구나 조선산업단지로부터 오염될 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.

Information about the chemical components emitted from the household products employed in many other countries seems to be still relatively scant and insufficient. The emissions composition for 59 consumer products were evaluated using a headspace analysis. The chemical composition and concentrations of total voalatile organic compounds (VOCs) broadly varied along with products. No volatile pollutants were detected for only one product in the household product category of laundry detergents. Except for this product, 1 to 17 organic compounds were detected in the headspace gas phase of each product. The category of oil paints exhibited an upper range for both the number of chemicals detected and the concentrations of total VOC. The chemical composition of certain household products determined in the current study was different from that for other studies from other countries. Four to 37 compounds were detected in the headspace gas phase of each product class. Several compounds were identified in more than one product class. Although several results indicated the dependence of the headspace temperature or period on the proportions of constituents in headspace gas phase, the effect of the headspace conditions on headspace concentrations varied along with the type of household product or analyte. It is suggested that a proper headspace conditions should be considered based on the volatility of components and matrix of each household product as well as the analytical sensitivity.