The response mechanism of Leymus chinensis communities to different habitats in the Songnen grassland of China was studied from the viewpoint of community-level energy accumulation and allocation, by measuring calorific values at every 10 ㎝ above and belowground. Patterns of energy allocation differed in the three habitats: sown, mown, and grazed plots. The energy production of the three habitats was highest in sown plots, followed by mown and grazed plots in declining order. The varying patterns of energy allocation may reflect strategies of long-term adaptation to the varying conditions in the three communities. The results provided evidence t㏊t different habitat conditions, induced by different intensities of anthropogenic influences, have profound impacts on energy accumulation and proportional allocation in L. chinensis communities.

Genomes of clusters of related eukaryotes are now being sequenced at an increasing rate. In this paper, we developed an accurate, low-cost method for annotation of gene prediction and exon-intron structure. The gene prediction was adapted for delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate-synthetase (p5cs) gene from China wild-type of the halophytic Leymus chinensis (Trin.), naturally adapted to highly-alkali soils. Due to complex adaptive mechanisms in halophytes, more attentions are being paid on the regulatory elements of stress adaptation in halophytes. P5CS encodes delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate-synthetase, a key regulatory enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of proline, that has direct correlation with proline accumulation in vivo and positive relationship with stress tolerance. Using analysis of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and PCR, and direct sequencing, 1076 base pairs (bp) of cDNA in length and 2396 bp of genomic DNA in length were obtained from direct sequencing results. Through gene prediction and exon-intron structure verification, the full-length of cDNA sequence was divided into eight parts, with seven parts of intron insertion. The average lengths of determinated coding regions and non-coding regions were 154.17 bp and 188.57 bp, respectively. Nearly all splice sites displayed GT as the donor sites at the 5' end of intron region, and 71.43% displayed AG as the acceptor sites at the 3' end of intron region. We conclude that this method is a cost-effective way for obtaining an experimentally verified genome annotation.