Bang, Minhee. 2016. “A Corpus Analysis of Representation of Mothers in the South Korean Press: collocates of 엄마 (mom)”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 24(3). 157~189. This study analyses the main lexical collocates of 엄마 (eomma: mom) in the corpus of the South Korean newspapers from 1990 to 2015. The collocates are grouped to see what semantic themes can be found in constructing discourse on motherhood, Firstly, 엄마 collocates most frequently with 아이 (ai: child) accounting for average 10.44% of all occurrences of eomma, while only 1.38% of the instances of the English counterpart mom(s) occurs with the English equivalents of 아이 in the COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English). Secondly, there is a host of collocates referring to body parts and denoting physical closeness, conveying a sense of emotional intimacy and bond between a mother and a child. Thirdly, there are collocates denoting motherly love and care, juxtaposed with collocates denoting absence and suffering of mothers. Portraying mothers as a sacrificing caregiver while problematising their absence as a threat to children’s welfare positions women as having sole responsibility for child care. Lastly, there is a group of collocates related to education, reflecting the Korean zeal for education. The analysis of the collocate 엄마표 (eommapyo: mom-made) reveals how the responsibility of childcare and education is reduced to the personal and individual issue, with mothers being construed as a main agent of facilitating children’s academic success.

This research examines the relationship between advertising expenditures and perceptions of popular brands by children and mothers in the United States. Findings how that magazine advertising has a positive and significant relationship with brand affinity scores to children and mothers while other advertising, such as electronic advertising and other print advertising, have negative or insignificant relationships with brand affinity scores. In addition, the correlation between exposure times through product/brand placement and brand affinity scores reveals a similar pattern. Product placement does not cause positive and significant relationships with brand affinity scores for either children or mothers.

Ocean general circulation model developed by GFDL on the basis of MOM4 of FMS are examined and evaluated in order to elucidate the global ocean status. The model employs a tripolar grid system to resolve the Arctic Ocean without polar filtering. The meridional resolution gradually increases from 1/3˚ at the equator to 1˚ at 30˚N(S). Other horizontal grids have the constant 1˚ and vertical grids with 50 levels. The ocean is also coupled to the GFDL sea ice model. It considers tidal effects along with fresh water and chlorophyll concentration. This model is integrated for a 100 year duration with 96 cpu forced by German OMIP and CORE dataset. Levitus, WOA01 climatology, serial CTD observations, WOCE and Argo data are all used for model validation. General features of the world ocean circulation are well simulated except for the western boundary and coastal region where strong advection or fresh water flux are dominant. However, we can find that information concerning chlorophyll and sea ice, newly applied to MOM4 as surface boundary condition, can be used to reduce a model bias near the equatorial and North Pacific ocean.