본 연구는 확장현실(XR) 기반 버추얼 프로덕션(VP) 기술이 라이브 퍼포먼스에서 동일하 게 수용되지 않는다는 문제의식에서 출발하여 기술이 장르적·문화적 맥락 속에서 어떻게 전유되고 의미화되는지를 분석한다. 기존 XR 연구가 몰입도나 현존감 등 기술 성능에 집중 해온 반면 본 연구는 공연 안에서 기술이 부여받는 지위와 역할에 따라 효과가 달라진다는 점에 주목한다. 이를 위해 이상형 기반 질적 유형 분석을 통해 XR/VP 기술의 수용을 스펙 터클 지향형, 메시지 지향형, 서사 지향형으로 구분하고, 각 유형을 기술의 지위, 가시성, 관객의 주의 조직, 기술 실패 인식의 기준으로 정의한다. 사례 분석 결과, XR/VP 기술의 경험적 효과는 기술적 완성도보다 공연 장르와 문화적 기대 속에서 기술이 어떻게 전유되 는가에 의해 조직됨이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 XR/VP를 문화적 실천으로 파악함으로써 라이 브 퍼포먼스에서 기술을 해석하고 평가하기 위한 새로운 기준을 제시한다.

본 연구는 공연 제작 과정에서의 소통과 리허설 준비를 지원하기 위해 Unity 게임엔진 기반 프리비주얼라이제이션(Pre-Visualization, Pre-viz) 워크플로우를 제안한다. 기존 대 본 중심의 협업 방식은 무대 공간 구성, 배우 동선, 조명 연출을 사전에 충분히 공유하는 데 한계가 있다. 이를 보완하기 위해 실제 공연장을 디지털 트윈 환경으로 Unity 상에 구 현하고, 무대 디자인, 배우 동선, 조명 효과를 통합한 Pre-viz 영상을 제작하였다. Unity의 실시간 렌더링 특성은 연출 수정 사항의 신속한 반영과 제작진 간 정보 공유를 지원한다. 중형 규모 프로시니엄 극장을 대상으로 한 파일럿 사례를 통해 Pre-viz와 실제 공연 간의 높은 시각적 유사성을 확인할 수 있었으며, XR 기반 디지털 트윈 환경으로의 확장 가능성 도 탐색적으로 제시하였다. 본 탐색적 연구는 Unity 기반 Pre-viz가 공연 제작진 간 ‘공유 된 정신 모델’ 형성을 지원하고, 리허설 준비 과정의 효율화를 지원할 수 있는 가능성을 시사한다.

21세기 들어 인공지능(Artificial Intelligence)은 예술 창작의 구조와 개념을 근본적으로 변 화시키고 있다. 특히 음악 분야에서 생성형 AI의 등장은 작곡과 편곡의 경계를 허물며, 인간의 감정과 기술의 연산이 결합된 새로운 예술 형태를 출현시켰다. 본 연구는 AI 기반 음원 제작이 공연예술, 특히 무용 창작 구조에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 목적을 둔다. 연구 방법으로 질적 사례연구를 채택하고, 국내에서 이루어진 두 가지 공연 사례 ― ① 국립국악원 『세종탄신 하례 연』<AI 복원 궁중음악 공연>(2024), ② 『G·Artience 2024』<무용×AI 융합 공연> 를 중심으로 고찰하였다. 분석틀로는 앤드류 핀버그(Andrew Feenberg)의 기술철학과 볼터와 그루신(Bolter & Grusin)의 재매개 이론을 바탕으로 ‘학습–모방–공진–종결’의 4단계 퍼포먼스 구조를 설정하였 다.『세종 탄신 하례연』은 전통음악의 복원을 통해 ‘기억된 예술’의 현대적 재해석을 보여주 었으며, 『G·Artience 2024』는 인간의 신체 데이터를 AI가 실시간으로 해석하고 음악·시각 효 과를 공진적으로 생성함으로써 공동지능 예술의 가능성을 제시하였다. 이와 같은 분석은 AI 기술 이 예술 창작의 민주화와 감정 표현의 확장을 동시에 이끌고 있음을 보여준다. 본 연구는 기술이 예술의 협업 구조와 주체성을 어떻게 재구성하는지를 실증적으로 제시함으로써, AI 시대 공연예 술의 지속적 발전 방향을 탐색하는 학문적 기초를 마련하고자 하는데 그 의의가 있다.

This study evaluated the effects of a high-concentration soy pulp (HSP) diet on pig production performance and carcass traits under commercial farming conditions. Data were collected from a pig farm in Jeju, Korea, between 2019 and 2024. From 2019 to 2021, pigs were fed a control diet containing 2.3% soy pulp, and from 2022 to 2024, the proportion of soy pulp was increased by 254% (HSP, 21.9%). We evaluated production performance indicators including shipment date, feed cost per kilogram of weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, carcass yield, and proportion of high-grade carcasses. The feed cost per kilogram remained constant under both diet conditions; however, pigs fed an HSP diet reached market weight significantly earlier than those on the control diet and the feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, and proportion of high-grade carcasses were significantly improved. The carcass yield percentage was non-significantly higher for pigs fed the HSP diet than for those fed the control diet. These findings suggest that providing HSP feed to grow–finish pigs enhance growth performance, improves carcass quality, and shortens the production period, indirectly reducing feed costs. Further studies should explore the long-term economic impacts and potential interactions of HSP with gut health and nutrient digestibility.

글로벌화 이후에도 하도급생산시스템은 시장주의자의 예상과 반대로 여러 산업에 걸쳐 여전히 편재 (遍在)하고 있는데 이는 이 準기업형태를 통해 형성된 사회관계로 축적된 경험과 기억이 구성원들 사이의 섬세한 의사소통체계를 만들며 이를 토대로 구축된 여러 루틴이 기업의 실행능력을 높이기 때문이다. 본 연구는 하도급기업의 인사이론 개발을 위해 이들 기업 간 협력과 성과에 대하여 협력적 거래정책이 반영 된 전략적 파트너십 지향 인사관리모델 관점에서 예측하고 WPS2017, 2019, 2021을 이용하여 검정하였다. 분석결과, 첫째 협력적 하도급거래정책 초기치와 혁신활동 초기치 간 정(+)의 회귀관계가 있는 것으로 검정되었다. 시간에 따른 협력적 하도급거래정책 변화와 혁신활동 변화 간 정(+)의 회귀관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째 시간에 따른 혁신활동 변화와 영업이익률 변화 간 정(+)의 회귀관계가 있는 것으로 분석 되었다. 셋째 시간흐름에 따른 협력적 하도급거래정책 변화와 혁신활동 변화 및 영업이익률 변화 사이의 완전매개모델은 통계적 유의성이 검출되었다. 이는 협력적 생산네트워크가 시장논리로 자율적 적응이 적 용된 경우와 달리 인간동기를 개인적 이윤동기에서 사회적 차원으로 수정하면서 관련 메커니즘을 작동시 킨다는 점을 시사한다. 향후연구는 기업 간 협력과 성과를 설명하는 여러 경합이론을 균형있게 고려한 통합적 시각을 통해 하도급생산네트워크를 면밀히 관찰하고 이들을 둘러싼 다양한 상황들에 대한 실증분 석이 필요하다.

Sensory evaluation of shucking pressure, pressure holding time, seeding method, difference in full shucking rate in the aquaculture area and shucking oyster was performed using an ultra-high pressure oyster shucking machine. The reaching time for each target pressure is 2.2-2.4 MPa/sec in the range of 180 MPa to 240 MPa. had a rate of pressure rise. There was a difference of 0.5-1.7℃ in the range of 24-27℃ in the seawater temperature before and after the pressure treatment inside the pressure vessel, but there was no specific increase or decrease in seawater temperature. When only the shucking pressure is increased without the pressure holding time, the critical shucking pressure at which the oyster shell is opened and the flesh is peeled in the range of 200 to 220 MPa. When the critical shucking pressure is reached, the oyster sample in the closed vessel is expected to be shucked by about 40%. If there is no pressure holding time when judged only by full shucking, an increase in pressure of about 1.5 MPa is required to further shuck 3% of the oyster population. The oyster samples cultivated in the south coast of Korea were subject to full shucking under the conditions of 220 MPa shucking pressure and two minutes (120 seconds) of pressure holding time, and the difference in the pressure of the oysters according to the oyster seeding method and the farming area was minute. Finally, the condition of 220 MPa of shucking pressure and three minutes of pressure holding time was the best at 1.52 when the result of the sensory evaluation performed manually was set to 1.0. Next was 1.4 under the conditions of 220 MPa of shucking pressure and one minute of pressure holding time (60 seconds), and 1.3 under the condition of 220 MPa and two minutes of pressure holding time (120 seconds). Therefore, it is considered that the most desirable shucking conditions, considering the efficiency and sensory evaluation results, are the conditions of 220 MPa shucking pressure and two to three minutes of pressure holding time.

PURPOSES : Owing to industrial development, the occurrence of continuous environmental damage such as abnormal weather is accelerating because of a rapid increase in carbon emissions. Therefore, various efforts are expended worldwide to realize a low-carbon ecofriendly society. In the construction industry, various efforts have been realized to reduce environmental pollution such as greenhouse gas emissions, for example by introducing eco-friendly materials and reducing industrial waste. In this study, an asphalt pavement technology that can reduce production and construction temperatures by more than 60 °C is developed to reduce the amount of carbon generated in the asphalt industry. METHODS : The performance of a half-warm asphalt binder developed using thermoplastic elastomers and low-temperature additives was assessed. In addition, the change in the quality of a mixture due to the use of the half-warm asphalt binder was evaluated. RESULTS : As the amount of thermoplastic elastomer used increases, the performance grade of the asphalt binder increases as well. When 3% or more of the elastomer is incorporated, the target performance grade of the asphalt binder is satisfied. In addition, by incorporating the thermoplastic elastomer and a low-temperature additive, the overall moisture and rutting resistance increased even at relatively low production and compaction temperatures. CONCLUSIONS : Additional measures to stabilize quality and improve economic feasibility will present a new paradigm for investigations into eco-friendly asphalt concrete pavements.

Electrochemical water splitting is an important process for next generation of eco-friendly energy systems. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which occurs at an anode during the process, requires efficient electrocatalysts to reduce activation energies. Although Ru- or Ir-containing materials show excellent electrocatalytic activities, their high cost is a critical drawback. Consequently, the development of efficient electrocatalysts composed of low-cost metal components is a great challenge. In this study, we develop a new route to produce a hybrid material (Fe–NC) containing Fe3C particles dispersed on the surface of N-doped carbon (NC) materials by heat treatment of a mixture of urea and Fe(II)Cl2(H2O)4. Microscopic analyses prove that the Fe3C particles are placed on the surfaces of thin NC materials. Additionally, various characterizations reveal that the particles contain Fe3C structure. Fe–NC shows good electrocatalytic properties with onset and overpotentials of 1.57 V and 545 mV, respectively, for OER in KOH electrolyte. This study suggests the possibility of the use of Fe3C- based composites as OER electrocatalysts.

In this study, for the treatment efficiency of the IGF process for the treatment of produced water (PW) discharged from the oil sands plant, the bench-scale oil sands plant PWT package was designed, manufactured and evaluated to verify the efficiency of the process. The microbubble generation efficiency and microbubble size change according to the circulation pump pressure were observed, and the correlation between influent concentration and temperature, residence time and oil-water separation performance was analyzed.

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is an essential step at an anode in electrochemical water-splitting process and requires efficient electrocatalysts to reduce overpotentials. Although precious metal-based materials, such as RuO2, IrO2 and their hybrids with other components, performed excellently as OER electrocatalysts, their high cost has limited practical applications. Consequently, earth-abundant metal components including Fe, Co, and Ni have been investigated as alternatives. In this work, the hybridization of Ni-containing species with conductive carbon-based materials was used to prevent aggregation of active species and improve electrochemical catalytic performance. A new hybrid material composed of NiO nanoparticles and N-doped carbon materials was prepared. The NiO particles with a narrow size distribution were well dispersed on the surface of carbon-based materials. The hybrid showed improved electrocatalytic performance for OER than single components of NiO and N-doped carbon materials.

Although somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)-derived embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in pigs have great potential, their use is limited because the establishment efficiency of ESCs is extremely low. Accordingly, we tried to develop in-vitro culture system stimulating production of SCNT blastocysts with high performance in the colony formation and formation of colonies derived from SCNT blastocysts for enhancing production efficiency of porcine ESCs. For these, SCNT blastocysts produced in various types of embryo culture medium were cultured in different ESC culture medium and optimal culture medium was determined by comparing colony formation efficiency. As the results, ICM of porcine SCNT blastocysts produced through sequential culture of porcine SCNT embryos in the modified porcine zygote medium (PZM)-5 and the PZM-5F showed the best formation efficiency of colonies in α-MEM-based medium. In conclusion, appropriate combination of the embryo culture medium and ESC culture medium will greatly contribute to successful establishment of ESCs derived from SCNT embryos.

In this research, the applicability of modified fouling index (MFI) on ultrapure water (UPW) production system was assessed to predict performance of reverse osmosis (RO) process. The practical study on MFI-UF was first performed at a pilot-scale UPW plant (Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea), monitoring water quality parameters (i.e., conductivity, turbidity and TOC) as well as MFI-UF of pretreatment stage for 10 months. While water quality parameters were maintained in a stable manner, the MFI-UF was fluctuated implying the different propensity of RO influent. The increment of fouling potential was intimately related with RO performance, the aggravation of permeate quality. The sensitivity of MFI-UF was also verified by evaluating the fouling potential of reclaimed water in UPW production system.

수소를 연료로 사용하는 PEMFC는 고효율⋅출력밀도를 나타내며, 짧은 시동시간, 우수한 응답특성에 따라 현지설치형 발전기술로 사용되며, 이를 위한 고효율 연료처리장치가 필수적이다. SMR반응은 연료당 고회수율을 때문에 경제성이 우수하며, 전환율 확보를 위해 700°C, 20 bar 이상의 운전조건에서 수행되며, WGS, PSA의 후단공정을 통해 수소를 생산한다. 분리막 개질기를 이용한 SMR반응은 분리막이 수소를 제거함에 따라 반응효율 증진, 공정온도 저감, 후단공정 배제를 할 수 있어 공정구성 및 경제성이 우수하다. 본 연구에서는 팔라듐분리막 개질기를 사용하여 550°C, 5 bar에서 SMR반응을 통해 수소를 생산하였으며, 개질된 가스의 CO 농도를 최소화하여 고온 PEMFC용 연료처리장치를 개발하였다.

It is necessary to develop a mobile water production system in order to provide stable water supply in case of disasters such as floods or earthquakes. In this study, we developed a modular mobile water production system capable of producing water for various uses such as domestic water and drinking water while improving applicability in various raw water sources. The water production system consists of three stages of filtration (sand filtration - activated carbon filtration - pressure filtration) to produce domestic water and an additional reverse osmosis process to produce drinking water. In laboratory and field experiments, the domestic water production system showed excellent treatment efficiency for particulate matter, but showed limitations in the treatment of dissolved substances such as dissolved organic matter. In addition, ultraviolet irradiation was considered as additional disinfection step, because it does not form precipitates of manganese oxides after disinfection. Reverse osmosis process was added to increase the removal efficiency of dissolved substances and the treated water satisfied drinking water quality standards. Fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic matter showed that the fulvic acid-like substances in raw water was successfully removed in the reverse osmosis process. The mobile water production system developed in this study is expected to be used not only in water supply in case of disaster, but also widely used in islands and rural area.

This study is to compare the effect of estrus synchronization and embryo transfer between Korean and Mongolian cattle. Embryos were collected from 9 donors housed in Asan city in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea. Embryos were collected 9 donors from Khushaat sum, Selenge province and Bayanchandmani sum, Tov province in Mongolia. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) and Prostaglandin (PG) were used for superovulation. Subsequently, Artificial Insemination (AI) was done for donor cow and embryo was collected after 7 and 8 days. Collected embryos were compared between Mongolian and Korean cattle. Finally, good quality and fresh embryos were transferred to 50 and 22 recipients of cows in Korea and Mongolia respectively. The findings show that Korean native cattle each donor cow produced on an average 16.9 embryos and, 10.9 embryos were found transferable. But in case of Mongolia the average production of embryos per donor cow was 8.6 embryos and, 6.2 embryos were found transferable. Embryo collection after 7 and 8 days was not difference in embryo production in Korea. But, in Mongolia embryo production after 8 days was found more efficient than the 7 days. Korean native recipient's cows (74.6%) and Mongolian recipient's cows (71.0%) respectively were found transferable ovarian stage. The result suggested that efficiency of embryo production from the superovulation method treated of Korean cow were higher than the Mongolian cow. The pregnancy rate of Korea native cattle was 72%, which was about 10% higher than that of Mongolia cattle.