The goal of this study was to develop a curriculum based on practice and job competency, reflecting opinions on the required job competence of nail practitioners and professionals related to nail beauty. Through in-depth interviews with nail experts, the research focuses on developing nail beauty competency-based curriculum and curriculum profiles that reflect practitioners’ needs of job competence in the field. In-depth interviews with 11 field experts and surveys of 154 people were conducted to develop a competency-based curriculum for beginner nail hairdressers. The results of this study show that the existing 38 National Competency Standards (NCS) job competencies were reduced to 21 job competencies. In addition, based on the common opinions of experts who reflect the current trend, two tasks on “eyelashes” and “waxing” were added, and they were modified and supplemented with 23 core competencies. The development of a competency-based curriculum and educational programs for nail beauty was performed based on the requirements of the core competencies investigated and the development of a systematic map for the core competencies of beginner nail technicians and hairdressers. In conclusion, the need for professional education and training for nail hairdressers is growing, and it can be seen that a curriculum building multi-faceted abilities is needed for their qualifications as experts. This study found that it is necessary to develop interpersonal communication skills that include marketing elements other than practical skills such as personality and customer response methods in the nail beauty curriculum.