This study was attempted to report the effect of Does for Job's tear on steroid hormone changes in rats. Experimental object was one male rat and four female rats in one group. The experimental diet keeped pace with basal diet and Does of Job's tear. A group was basal diet and basal diet & Does for Job's tea was B group(1/day), C group(2/day). D group(3/day), F group(1 day among 3 day, 3/day), G group (1day among 5 day. 3/day) and E group was made diet & Job's tear(3/day). The reduce of weight was appeared to higher in D group and revealed to higher was F, C, B, G and A group. The changes of steroid hormone were showed to significant difference in A group and indicated to significant difference were G, F, B, C, D and E group.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of unilateral ovariectomy on the embryo survival and changes of plasma progesterone and estradiol concentration. Mature Angora rabbits were divided into 2 groups (Superovulation and unilateral ovariectomy after superovulation). Unilateral ovariectomied rabilts were subdivided into two groups according to the time of ovariectomy (24 hours and 96 hours after mating). The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. After unilateral ovariectomy, survival rate and collecting rate of embryos recovered from contralateral and ipsilateral oviduct and uterus were not different, and were lower than intact rabbits. 2. Plasma progesterone concentration at 93, 99, 102 and 114 hours after HCG injection in superovulated rabbits were 12.9 0.5, 34.8 5.1, 12.2 2.7 and 43.4 5.8ng/ml, respectively. Mean progesterone concentrations were significantly higher at 99 and 114 hours than at 93 and 102 hours (p <0.05). But plasma estradiol concentration was not different. 3. Plasma progesterone concentration in unilateral ovariectomized rabbits was somewhat decreased after unilateral ovariectomy. Plasma estradiol concentration was not different.

These studies were undertaken to examine the interaction of tamoxifen with sex steroid hormones in rat uterine activity. The uterine wet weights of the immature Tat uterus were examined after the administration of estradiol-l7(1g), tamoxifen(50g), progesterone(lmg). The uterotropic activity in immature ovariectomized rats was observed under various treatment conditions following pretreatment with above drugs. The results obtained were as follows:1) Tamoxifen produced significant increase (p <0.01) in uterine wet weight compared with control group, although the increase was not as great as that seen with estradiol-17. Administration of estradiol-17 together with tamoxifen inhibited significantly the increase of uterine wet weight by estradiol-17 (p < 0.01). Coadministration of progresterone with tamoxifen partly blocked the increase of tamoxifen-induced uterine wet weights by progesterone. 2) Estradiol-17after the estradiol-17 pretreatment discontinued the declining uterine wet weights due to the absence of estrogen support, but uteri continued to increase in weight if daily estradiol-17 was maintained. Administration of tamoxifen on the fourth day of estradiol-17 treatment reduced uterine wet weights within 24 hours, and the weights continued to decline with additional tamoxifen. 3) The modest growth of the uterus induced by three daily injections of 5Opg tamoxifen remained stable for five days, with or without additional tamoxifen treatment. Coadministration of tamoxifen with estradiol17 increased slightly the increase of uterine wet weight by tamoxifen. Coadministration of tamoxifen with progesterone inhibited the increase of uterine wet weight by tamoxifen. 4) The modest growth of the uterus induced by three daily injections of lmg progesterone reduced uterine wet weight to the control level for five days. Commencement of tamoxifen or estadiol-17 injections on the fourth day of progesterone treatment rapidly elevated uterine wet weight.

The greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) is distributed throughout Europe, Africa, Australia, and South Asia. It habits mainly in the cave in small groups and forming communities in late spring. It has interesting reproductive behavior because it keeps sperm for a few months in female reproductive tracts and then those sperms attend in fertilization. This breeding pattern is a sperm storage type and belongs to Rhinolophidae or Hipposideridae. The greater horseshoe also habits in Korea. However, the reasons of reproductive behaviors has not much uncovered. In this study the characters of ovary and the levels of steroid hormones were investigated from September to November. The histological, ELISA, and immunohistochemical methods were employed. The pre-ovulatory follicle was detected only at October sample. On the other hand, the blood level of testosterone was not detectable but the levels of 17β-estradiol and progesterone were exist within the detectable range. E2 and P4 levels were peak in October. Besides, the key enzymes for estradiol synthesis, CYP17 and CYP19 were localized in the theca layer and granulosa cells, respectively. October is known as mating time in this species. However, progesterone receptors could not detect at this period. Put together, it is suggested that, the increase of estrogen and the absence of progesterone receptors on preovulatory follicle is the cause of the mating without ovulation. The understanding of the expression regulation in this system will be base of the understanding the anovulation in mammals.

Red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara, is a popular aquaculture species and a protogynous hermaphrodite. Induction of artificial sex change at the time of primary sex differentiation is of interest but has not been successful due to the lack of necessary basic information. To find out the potential neuroendocrine influence on the primary sex differentiation, the expression of key genes in the brain was investigated during the formation of ovarian cavity. Expression of cyp19a1b, esr1, gnrhr1, fsh, lh and cga in the brain was positively associated with the formation of ovarian cavity, showing gradual increase as the formation proceeds. However, the expression of gnrh1 was suppressed during the early part of the ovarian cavity formation, signifying potential hypothalamic influence on the primary sex differentiation in this species.

토마토는 남아메리카 서부 고원지대가 원산지이며 전 세계적으로 재배 및 생산되고 있는 가지과 작물로 토마토에 함유된 steroid glycoalkaloids 화합물은 미생물이나 곤충에 독성을 나타내지만 최근 항염증, 항균 등의 생리활성을 나타내는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 토마토 42자원 잎 추출물의 항염증 활성을 검정하고 steroid glycoalkaloids 함량을 비교하고자 하였다. 토마토 잎 추출물이 RAW 264.7 세포주에 미치는 독성 효과를 알아본 결과, 추출물 처리 농도 범위 (20 ~ 100 ug/m)l 안에서 RAW 264.7 세포주가 50%이상 생존하였고, 추출물의 농도가 증가할수록 세포 생존율이 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이것은 추출물 자체가 세포에 독성으로 작용하지 않아 세포가 생존 가능한 범위 안에서 실험이 가능함을 의미하여 같은 농도 범위의 추출물로 항염증 활성을 검정하였다. 20 ug/ml의 추출물을 처리한 경우 14.1%의 낮은 nitric oxide (NO) 생성 저해율을 보였고 50 ug/ml을 처리 시 79.4%까지 증가하였으며 100 ug/ml 처리 시 98.9%의 높은 저해율을 보였다. 각 자원의 IC50 값을 비교한 결과 IT173907 (BRA, 84.0 ± 0.1 ug/ml)이 가장 높은 저해 활성을 보였고 IT211836 (JPN, 130.7 ± 2.5 ug/ml)이 가장 낮았다. 또한 steroid glycoalkaloids를 분석한 결과, tomatine 함량은 IT203466 (AUS, 8.2 ± 0.6 100 ug/mg)이 가장 높았고 IT229711 (KOR, 2.5 ± 0.5 100 ug/mg)가 가장 낮았다. 또한 tomatidine의 경우, IT173906 (BRA, 1.41 ± 0.22 100 ug/mg)이 가장 높았고 IT235444 (THA, 0.28±0.07 100 ug/mg)가 가장 낮았다. 토마토 잎 추출물의 항염증 활성과 steroid glycoalkaloids 함량의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, tomatine과 tomatidine은 높은 정의 상관관계를 보였으나 두 물질과 nitric oxide (NO) 생성 저해 활성은 유의적 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 토마토 잎 추출물의 tomatine, tomatidine 함량과 항염증 활성의 상관관계를 확인할 수는 없었지만, 토마토 잎의 천연 항염증제로의 활용 가능성을 확인하였고 토마토 부산물의 다양한 활용 방안 수립에 도움이 될 것으로 사료 된다.