Uroleucon is one of the large aphid genera including some important pest on agricultural crops, mostly feeding on Asteraceae, few species on Campanulaceae. In this study, we suggest the phylogenetic position of Uroleucon in the tribe Macrosiphini, and subgeneric relationship of the main three subgenera using mitochondrial and nuclear genes: tRNA-leucine+cytochrome oxidaseⅡ(tRNA+COII) and Elongation factor-1 alpha gene (EF1α)). With the results of comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study by Bayesian phylogeny (BP) and Maximum-likelihood (ML) using combined data sets of two molecular markers, we reconstruct subgeneric relationship with the data of host plants and morphological characters.

A total of six species in the subgenus Uroleucon (Uromelan) is revised from the Korean Peninsula. Uroleucon adenophora (Matsumura, 1918) is recognized for the first time in Korea, collected on the young upper stem of Adenophora sp. (Campanulaceae). It is described, illustrated, and measured for apterous viviparous females.