The present study aims at reviewing the current thinking in the field of language testing and assessment, discussing limitations in language testing in Korean academia, and suggesting future directions of the research agenda in the language testing field. The findings of the study indicated that research on language testing in Korean academia for the last ten years focused on test washback and the two high stakes English tests, which are the College Scholastic Aptitude Test (CSAT) and the newly developed National English Ability Test (NEAT). In particular, studies on the CSAT were very limited to item analysis on the CSAT and related teaching strategies despite its symbolic significance in the Korean testing field. Research issues on the NEAT, however, seem to be conducted on a broader spectrum regardless when it should be implemented is still unclear with many political and social complications. Based on the review, the present study suggested that the research agenda of future studies needs to be focused on the following areas: Validation of the testing, non-credential tests of English, classroom-based assessment, a critical perspective on the uses of English testing, and sociocultural perspectives of testing in Korean society.