남산의 소나무림, 신갈나무림 그리고 아까시나무림에서 2008년 1월부터 2009년 12월까지의 월별 낙엽생산량과 토양의 유기탄소량을 조사하였다. 소나무림은 2008년과 2009년 모두 10월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 많았으며, 2008년 1월과 2009년 12월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 적었다. 신갈나무림은 2008년과 2009년 모두 11월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 많았으며, 2월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 적었다. 아까시나무림은 2008년 11월과 2009년 10월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 많았으며, 2008년 1월과 2009년 12월에 낙엽생산량이 가장 적었다. 이것은 한반도 중부에서 상록성의 소나무림이 낙엽성의 참나무숲 보다 더 일찍 낙엽이 진다는 것을 의미한다. 소나무림과 신갈나무림, 아까시나무림의 2년 평균의 낙엽생산량은 7.07, 6.36, 5.02 ton ha-1로 소나무가 가장 많았다. 소나무림과 신갈나무림, 아까시나무림의 2년 평균의 토양유기탄소량은 76.2, 68.6, 72.5 ton C ha-1로 소나무림에서 가장 많았다. 이처럼 소나무숲에서 높게 나타난 것은 남산에서 신갈나무나 아까시나무를 벌목하여 임목밀도가 줄었기 때문이다.

In this paper, the effect of different land-use types on soil organic carbon (SOC) and Particulate Organic Carbon(POC) was studied by analyzing the soils in the meadow and conversing land of grassland to cropland in ecotones of agriculture and animal husbandry. It is shown t㏊t, compared with meadow, rotations of P/O and P/Cwill reduce SOC in 0-30㎝ soil layers by 47.54%-65.11% and 34.16-64.26% and POC by 16.90%-24.48% and 11.94%-20.29%, respectively. And SOC in meadow is more t㏊n in conversing land of grassland to cropland (P＜0.05). Conversing grassland to cropland in ecotones of agriculture and animal husbandry will decrease the contents of SOC and POC.

This study evaluated the effect of organic fertilizer on the yield of sesame and the movement of nitrogen and carbon in soil under mulching cultivation. The seven fertilizer treatments investigated are as follows: 1) 8-4-9 kg N-P2O5-K2O 10a-1-control, 2) 80% of control treatment N from mixed expeller cake (MEC)-MEC 80%, 3) 100% of control treatment N from MEC-MEC 100%, 4) 80% of control treatment N from mixed organic fertilizer (MOF)MOF 80%, 5) 100% of control treatment N from MOF-MOF 100%, 6) 80% of control treatment N from latex coated urea complex fertilizer (LCU)-LCU 80%, and 7) no nitrogen. The soil mineral N available in the applied organic MEC and MOF fertilizers was less than the available N in the applied urea fertilizer during the early growth stage of sesame but the amount was observed to increase with time. The concentration of nitrate-N in leached solution 35 days after application was highest at 75 mg l-1 in the control, followed in descending order by MEC 100%, MOF 100%, LCU 80%, MOF 80% and MEC 80%. The concentration of nitrate-N in the leachate in all treatments was observed to rapidly decrease 45 days after fertilizer application and recorded at less than 20 mg l-1 65 days after application. The concentration of dissolved organic carbon in the leached solution and organic carbon in the soil of the organic fertilizer plots was higher than in the urea- and LCU-fertilized plots during the whole growing period. The yields of sesame applied with MEC and MOF organic fertilizers were 2 to 7% higher than those fertilized with urea. The amount of retained mineral N or organic carbon in the soil is higher in the LCU and organic fertilizer plots than in the urea-fertilized treatments, which resulted in the reduction of nitrate leaching, increasing N efficiency and sesame yield.