We present the high-resolution (2"-4") images of the molecular envelopes surrounding the evolved stars, V Hya, VY CMa, and π1 Gru observed with the Submillimeter Array. The CO J=2-1 and 3-2 images of the carbon star V Hya show that the circumstellar structure of this star consists of three kinematic components; there is a flattened disk-like envelope that is expanding with a velocity of ~16 km s-1, the second component is the medium-velocity wind having a deprojected velocity of 40-120 km s-l moving along the disk plane, and the third one is the bipolar molecular jet having an extreme velocity of 70-185 km s-l. The axis of this high velocity jet is perpendicular to the plane of the disk-like envelope. We found that the circumstellar structure of the S-star π1 Gru traced by the CO J =2-1 resembles that of V Hya quite closely; the star is surrounded by the expanding disk-like envelope and is driving the medium-velocity wind along the disk plane. We also obtained the excellent images of VY CMa with the CO and 13CO J=2-1 and SO 65-54 lines. The maps of three molecular lines show that the envelope has a significant velocity gradient in the east-west direction, suggesting that the envelope surrounding VY CMa is also flattened and expanding along its radial direction. The high-resolution images obtained with the SMA show that some AGB stars are associated with the asymmetric mass loss including the equatorial wind and bipolar jet.

Optical interferometry and polarimetry have separately provided new insights into stellar astronomy, especially in thefields of fundamental parameters and atmospheric models. We present: scientific justifications for “full-Stokes” opticalinterferometric polarimetry (OIP); updated instrument requirements; preliminary beam combiner designs; polarimeterdesign; end-to-end OIP data reduction; and realistic reimaged full-Stokes models of Be stars with a suitable number oftelescopes plus noise sources. All of this work represents preliminary research to construct an OIP beam combiner.