The Wintering Waterbird Census of Korea was started in 1999 and monitors 200 major migratory sites in South Korea. Waterfowl counts have been undertaken for more than 20 years since; however, a limited number of studies have analyzed the temporal patterns of waterfowl population. In this study, we analyzed population size changes of wintering whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) at 112 monitoring sites from 2001 to 2018. The average number of whooper swans was 4,296±42.66 and there was a trend for an increase in population size across the survey period. We found that the population in the Nakdong River Estuary, one of the major wintering sites over 18 years (26.22% of the national population), had rapidly decreased (- 0.77% per year). Conversely, the whooper swan population in the Junam Reservoir and Sihwa Lake increased (+1.64%, +0.54% per year, respectively). Estuaries showed the highest dominance of whooper swans among the five different habitat types, accounting for 32.13% of the population. Reservoir/lakes had 30.60% of the total population and reclaimed lakes (18.24%), river (13.11%), and coast (5.93%) followed. The annual distribution of the whooper swan population in South Korea has been affected by various habitat conditions resulting from human activities and urbanization. To better understand the complex factors that can cause rapid changes in wintering waterfowl populations, it is necessary to integrate the data from the bird census program with environmental conditions to conduct in-depth pattern analyses over longer time periods.

예이츠와 엘리엇은 둘 다 작품을 통하여 현실 또는 현 상태에 대한 원망을 토로하고 영원을 갈망하는 모습이 공통적으로 보인다. 이 모습이 예이츠에게는 존재의 통일이라는 개념으로 나타나는 반면에 엘리엇에게는 정점으로 나타난다. 예이츠는 대립과 갈등의 상태에서 벗어나기 위해 비잔티움이라는 도시를 성(聖)화 시켰으며, 자연생물인 백조의 이미지를 사용하고 있다. 반면에 엘리엇은 정점을 나타내기 위하여 로고스—만물의 중심점—를 사용하거나 춤의 이미지로 형상화 시키고 있다. 전후 시대상에 대한 불만을 토로하기 위해 현실의 상태에서 벗어나고자 했다는 점에서는 이 둘 모두가 공통적인 입장을 지양한다고 볼 수 있다.

This study was conducted to understand the regional distribution characteristics of swans(Cygnus spp.) in downstream of t he Nakdong River , R.O.Korea from October 2008 to September 2013. During this period, a total of two species and 37,518 ind ividuals of Swans(Cygnus spp.) were observed, including 31,596 Whooper Swans(Cygnus cygnus) and 5,922 Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus), respectively. The average number of individuals observed in fifteen different areas was 2255.33 in Daemadeung(A), 143.50 in Jangja·Sinjado(B), 304.00 in Sajado·Doyodeung(C), 1928.00 in Lower Ulsukdo(D), 1392.67 in Ul sukdo(E), 50.17 in Ilwoongdo(F), 91.17 in Yeommak(G), 5.17 in Maekdogang(H), 0.00 in Pyeonggangcheon(I), 0.00 in Lowe r Noksan sluice(J), 2.83 in Upper Noksan sluice(K), 6.17 in Jomangang·Doonchido(L), 4.50 in Chideung(M), 0.83 in Joongs ado(N)and 66.17 in Daejeo sluice(O). The total average of these fifteen areas was 480.81. There was a significant differenc e among the survey areas (Kruskal-Wallis test,  =4055.68, P<0.001). In particular, the observed numbers were larger in Daemadeung, Lower Ulsukdo and Ulsukdo than in the other regions.