월악산국립공원 금수산 산림식생의 군집구조 Community Structure of Forest Vegetation in Mt. Geumsusan belong to Woraksan National Park
pp.202-219
본 연구는 금수산 일대의 군집구조를 파악하여 생태적 보전과 관리의 기초자료제공 목적으로 수행되었다. 2016년 6월부터 2017년 11월까지 식물사회학적으로 식생조사를 하였으며, 41개소의 방형구를 설정하여 식생유형분류, 중요치, 일치법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 산림식생 분석결과, 신갈나무군락군에서 군락단위로 층층나무군락, 밤나무군락(식생단 위 3), 굴참나무군락(식생단위 4), 신갈나무전형군락(식생단위 5)으로 분류되었으며, 층층나무군락은 느릅나무군(식생 단위 1)과 담쟁이덩굴군(식생단위 2)으로 세분되었다. 평균상대중요치는 식생단위 1에서 물푸레나무 14.9%, 산뽕나무 8.7%, 고로쇠나무 8.3% 순으로 나타났고, 식생단위 2는 일본잎갈나무 23.2%, 층층나무 20.1%, 담쟁이덩굴 6.5% 순으로 나타났다. 식생단위 3은 신갈나무 15.8%, 밤나무 13.4%, 물푸레나무 9.8% 순으로 나타났고, 식생단위 4는 신갈나무 26.6%, 굴참나무 20.8%, 소나무 16.6% 순으로 나타났으며, 식생단위 5는 신갈나무 48.3%, 쪽동백나무 7.5%, 물푸레나무 5.3% 순으로 나타났다. 일치법 분석의 결과로서 식생단위는 해발 700m, 경사 20°, 지형은 사면중, 암석노출도 20%, 출현종수 30종, 교목층 식피율 80%, 교목층 수고 20m를 기준으로 분류되었다. 따라서 금수산 일대의 생태학적이고 지속가능한 산림식생관리를 위해서는 분류되어진 식생단위에 따라 차별화된 관리방법의 도출이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the community structure of forest vegetation in Mt. Geumsusan belong to Woraksan National Park for providing basic information of ecological management. Data were collected by 41 plots from June to November in 2016 using Z-M phytosociology method, which was analyzed with vegetation types, mean importance value and coincidence method. As the results, the forest vegetation was classified into Quercus mongolica community group including Cornus controversa community, Castanea crenata community(Vegetation unit 3), Quercus variabilis community(Vegetation unit 4) and Q. mongolica community(Vegetation unit 5). C. controversa community was divided into two groups such as Ulmus davidiana var. japonica group(Vegetation unit 1) and Parthenocissus tricuspidata group(Vegetation unit 2). Mean importance percentage of vegetation unit 1 was showing Fraxinus rhynchophylla 14.9%, Morus bombycis 8.7% and Acer pictum subsp. mono 8.3%, that of unit 2 was Larix kaempferi 23.2%, C. controversa 20.1% and P. tricuspidata 6.5%, that of unit 3 was Q. mongolica 15.8%, C. crenata 13.4% and F. rhynchophylla 9.8%, that of unit 4 was Q. mongolica 26.6%, Q. variabilis 20.8% and Pinus densiflora 16.7%, that of unit 5 was Q. mongolica 48.3%, Styrax obassia 7.5%, F. rhynchophylla 5.3% in the order, respectively. Each vegetation unit was classified with dependance on environmental factors as 700m of altitude, 20° of slope degree, middle slope of topography, 20% of bare rock, 30 taxa of present species, 80% of tree layer coverage rate and 20m of tree layer height. In conclusion, it was preferentially considered that development of peculiar and specific management methods with vegetation unit classified above should be needed for ecological and sustainable forest vegetation management.