In this study, soybean oil, which is used in a large variety of processed foods, is used as a carbon source. Soybean oil is successfully coated onto the surface of LiNi1/ 3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM) by a simple method. The physical and electrochemical properties of NCM/C hybrid materials are determined. As a result, a 5 nm thickness carbon coating layer is formed on the surface of the NCM, resulting in improved capability and cyclic performance in the battery. The NCM/C battery shows an initial discharge capacity of 159 mAh g−1 and 95% capacity retention after 100 cycles (a discharge capacity of 120 mAh g−1 and 94% retention are observed after 100 cycles for the NCM cathode).

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculation to domestically-cultivated Italian ryegrass (IRG) on silage fermentation and in vitro ruminal fermentation. There were six treatments based on the LAB inoculants: 1) no addition of LAB (negative control: NC), additions of 2) commercially-available LAB (positive control: PC), 3) Lactobacillus plantarum (LPL), 4) L. paracasei (LPA), 5) L. acidophilus (LA), and 6) L. pentosus (LPT). All treatments were inoculated at a concentration of 106 CFU/g and ensiled for 3, 7, 21, and 42 days in triplicate and analyzed for nutritive values when ensiling was terminated. Day 42 silage from all treatments were also examined for in vitro ruminal fermentation. After 42 days, LAB-inoculated silages had higher (P<0.05) lactic acid concentration compared to the NC. In terms of nutritive values, the silages treated with LPA, LA, and LPT showed higher (P<0.05) crude protein and lower (P<0.05) neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content compared to the rest of the treatment. In vitro ruminal dry matter degradability was not affected by LAB addition. However, LAB-treated IRG had shown higher (P<0.05) ammonia-N compared with that of the NC. LPA had shown the highest (P<0.05) volatile fatty acid concentration among the LAB examined. In conclusion, the addition of a single strain of LAB appeared to produce a quality IRG silage compared with the NC and the PC. Among the strains examined, LPA seemed to be superior to the others.

We want to have an opportunity to learn in a global context why GAN is so important to Jeju as Korea's largest Island in a multi-cultural society. Politically, Jeju Island succeeds have to survive ordeal from Jeju 4.3 Grand Tragedy. Geologically, as Jeju Island is located at center of East Asia, it has benefits from easy access to main cities to the island such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tokyo, Osaka, Seoul, Busan, Hong Kong, Taipei and so on. Environmentally, as Jeju was designated UNESCO Biosphere, World Natural Heritage and Geo parks, we want to keep it as a longevity island. Culturally, as we recognize it as a specialized in Western countries by human peace, Jeju as a World Peace Island tries to integrate aging human life agenda into part of a human life one. As the result, we suggest “Korea Care into Global Humanity in the Asia Pacific Context” as integrated policy agenda of both Korea and Peace Island villages for the 2021 GAN Biennial Conference from September 26 to 30, 2021 in Jeju Island Korea. As it based on village healing by villagers, Jeju island is small, as there is slrong soldarity between, we believe it can revive Korea communities.

최근 화훼작물로 각광받고 있는 절화용 작약은 전남이 주산지로 재배면적은 7ha이며, 전국의 70%를 차지하고 있다. 주요 재배지역은 강진, 장흥이며, 비가림재배에서 발생하는 주요해충의 발생양상을 2년간 조사하였다. 잎말이나방류는 5월 하순, 7월 하순, 9월 상순에 발생하였고, 시설재배에서 심각한 피해를 주고 있다. 잎말이나방에 대한 방제약제 5종을 선발하였는데, 사이안트라닐리프롤 유제 1,000배, 에마멕틴벤조에이트 유제 2,000배, 비펜트린 액상수화제, 에토펜프록스 유제 1,000배, 클로란트라 릴리프롤 입상수화제 1,000배 처리에서 90% 이상의 방제효과를 보였다. 목화진딧물은 3월 하순부터 발생하기 시작하였고, 화뢰가 형성되기 시작하는 4월 중하순이 방제적기였다. 대만총채벌레는 3월 하순부터 발생하기 시작하였으며, 5월 하순과 7월 상순이 발생최성기였다. 뿌리혹선충은 토경재배에서 지속적으로 발생하였지만 큰 피해는 없었다.

갈색날개매미충 성충을 효과적으로 방제하기 위하여 선호하는 광과 행동습성을 이용하여 유인포획장치를 개발하였다. 포획장치는 주광색 컴팩트램프 2개(30W, 20W), 황색판, 포집수반으로 구성되었다. 포획장치의 포획효과를 조사하기 위하여 갈색날개매미충 발생밀도가 높은 과수원 3개소를 선정하여 성충이 발생하기 전인 7월 상순에 차, 블루베리, 아로니아 과수원에 트랩을 설치하고 9월 하순까지 일주일 간격으로 포획량을 조사하였다. 2017/2018년 겨울은 이상저온 지속기간이 길어 월동한 알의 평균 부화율이 24.7%로 평년의 65%보다 40% 낮아져 해충 발생밀도는 현저하게 낮았다. 포획트랩에 성충은 7월 중순부터 9월 하순까지 포획되었는데, 8월 중하순에 가장 많이 포획되었고 야간평균기온이 20℃ 이하로 낮아지는 9월 상순부터는 포획량이 급격하게 감소하였다. 작물별 포획량이 가장 많았던 시기는 8월 하순으로 광주 아로니아에는 1,570마리, 보성 차에는 510마리, 화순 블루베리에는 571마리가 포획되었다. 따라서 포획트랩을 이용한 갈색날개매미충 방제는 7월 중순부터 9월 상순까지가 가장 효율적이다.

The spotted wing drosophila(Drosophila suzukii)is one of the serious fruit pest that has a wide range of fruit crops like blueberries, cherries and grapes. It came up the larvae cause dagmage by feeding on the pulp inside fruits and berries and spotted wing drosophila also has a adversely affect export to Austrailia and New zealand as a quarantine pest. This study conduct to survey occurrence of drosophila spp. from 2016 to 2018 on harvest period of grapevine in vinyard of Okcheon ,Yeongdong and fruit packing place for export to New zealand and USA. Vinegar and wine mixture was used to attract fruits flies. We also investigated to what color is the best stimulus to catch a vinegar flies. Our result shows that significant differences were observed in total flies trapped in red and black colors. This study will contribute to future research for monitoring and control drosophilid flies.