Jeon-Nam province has the largest number of managed honey bee(Apis cerana) colonies before 2009 years ago, which produce the highest quantity of honey in the Korea; however, almost colony were collapsed by Sacbrood Virus(SBV) in jeon-nam apiaries. We thus conducted a molecular survey of honey bee RNA viruses, Nosema microsporidia, Foul broods and fungal disease(Chalk brood and Stone brood) associated with environmental conditions in apiaries and differential A. cerana hives in Joun-nam province. We found the presence of black queen cell virus (BQCV), Israel Acute Paralysis Virus and Nosema apis. Sacbrood virus(SBV) was detected in the tested samples. Our results demonstrate that honey bee RNA viruses and N. apis are present in joen-nam province apiaries, and some might be related environment conditions(temperature and moisture).
고준위 방사성폐기물 처분에 대한 종합 성능 평가를 위해 처분장 성능 및 안전성에 미치는 영향들을 단위 현상, 사건, 공정 (FEP)으로 분류하고 이들을 발생 가능성, 결과 영향, 규제, 특정 부지의 적합성 등을 고려하여 중요도를 평가한 후 유사한 FEP들을 그룹화하여 이들 FEP 그룹들 간의 상호 반응을 이해하고 이로부터 처분장으로부터 최종 생태계에 이르는 방사성 핵종들이 이동을 기술하는 시나리오를 도출하는 연구가 필요하다. 한국원자력연구원에서는 외국의 사례를 심층 분석하고 국내 전문가 의견 등을 종합하여 국내 처분 환경에 적합한 FEP들을 380 여개 포함하는 KAERI FEP List를 개발하였다. RES와 PID방법을 사용하여 처분장 방사선적 종합 안전성 평가에서 고려해야 될 5 가지 시나리오들을 도출하였다. 또한 고준위폐기물 처분안전성평가를 종합 데이터베이스 관리시스템인 KAERI CYPRUS를 개발하고 이들 결과물을 CYPRUS 내에 구축하였다.
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Hericium erinaceus extract on the Anti- inflammatory and Anti-bacterial. To investigate in vitro Anti-bacterial activity assay, hot water extracts of Hericium erinaceus carried out using a broth micro-dillution method following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidlines(Citron and Hecht, 2003; Jorgensen and Turnidge, 2003). In the next experiment, to investigate anti-inflammatory test, the RAW 264.7 macrophage, cells was cultured using DMEM including the 10% FBS. Hericium erinaceus extract has the effects of anti-inflammation and, which may be due to its inhibitory potential on the macrophage activation. Furthermore, Hericium erinaceus extract has the anti-bacterial effects through the inhibitory Propionibacterium acnes(P. acnes) and periodontopathic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis , Fusobacterium nucleatum and Tannerella forsythia. The above results suggest that Hericium erinaceus hot water extract could be applicable for improvement of several inflammatory disease.
본 논문에서는 JPEG 코딩에 따른 잡음에 대한 효과적인 저감 방법을 제안한다. JPEG 코딩에 의한 대표적인 잡음으로는 블록 잡음과 링깅 잡음을 들 수 있다. 이와 같은 잡음들을 저감하기 위한 다양한 방법들이 제안된 바 있다. 하지만, 대부분의 기존 방법들은 영상 내부의 모든 블록을 처리함에 따라 과도한블러링 뿐만 아니라 처리시간의 증가와 메모리 양의 증가를 초래한다. 본 논문에서는잡음의 검출과 저감을 위한 효과적인 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법에서는 모든 블록을 사용하지 않기 때문에 계산량 및 메모리 양을 감소시킨다. 검출 과정은 영상의 DCT 계수만을 사용하여 주파수 영역에서 수행된다. 다양한 실험이 수행되었으며 기존의 방법의 결과와 비교하였다. 실험 결과 제안하는 방법의 성능을 확인할 수 있었다.
The Wolbachia bacterium, one of the most prevalent endosymbiotic bacteria, is known to induce reproductive anomalies such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, male killing and parthenogenesis in various arthropod species. The bacterium is considered to have had huge impacts on hosts' reproductive biology, immunity, evolution, and molecular machineries. Infection surveys on the bacterium have rather been limited to specific taxa that are mainly of economical importance or conducted with randomly collected organisms. Here we investigated infection frequency of Wolbachia in 206 Coleopteran insects collected from Korea. Among them 28 species (13.59%) across families proved to harbor Wolbachia. The phylogenetic trees based on the partial 16s rRNA gene and the partial Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) gene of Wolbachia show that all the Wolbachia strains belong to either Supergroup A or B and Wolbachia evolved independently from its hosts. In addition, the cophylogenetic analysis of the 16s rRNA gene and wsp gene implies that there have been horizontal DNA transfers and recombination events within and between divergent Wolbachia supergroups.
칼슘-벤토나이트와 접한 약 의 우라늄 산화물을 함유한 유리고화체가 알곤 분위기에서 모의 화강암지하수에 의해 침출되었을 때 노란색의 우라늄화합물이 벤토나이트와 고화체의 경계면에 농축되었다. 6년간의 침출후 형성된 우라늄 화합물이 beta-uranophane 임을 XRD, 적외선 스펙트럼과 질량분석기를 이용하여 확인하였으며, 이 화합물의 용해도를 , 탈이온수에서 측정한 결과 약 이었다.
창선충목에 속하는 4 신종 및 2 미기록종을 기술, 도시하였다. Discolaimium gyeongiens n. sp. (경기짤룩창선충)은 체장인 1.6~1.7mm이고, c=37~41, 창침은 19~21이고, 구순부는 넓고, 전직장은 매우 짧은 것이 특징이다. Aporcelaimellus donghwaens n. sp. (동화육각창선충)은 체장이 2.8~2.9mm이고, c=4.0~4.5, 창침은 19~20이고, 창침확장부는 짧고, 식도장간변 판이 있고, 꼬리는 원추형인 것이 특징이다. Labronema korandus n. sp. (코란두수창선충)은 체장이 2.2~2.3mm이고, c=68~81, 창침은 27~28이고, 교접자는 61이고, 구순부는 연속되었고, 음문은 원형이고, 꼬리는 원통형이다. Zalophidera longus n. sp. (둥근순검선충)은 체장이 4.1~4.4mm으로 길고, c=107~130, 구침은 80~93으로 길고, 구침확장부가 큰 것이 특징이다. Discolaimoides bulbiferous (다산넓은창선충)과 Diphtherophora communis(칠곡둥근창선충)은 우리 나라에서는 처음으로 기록되었다.
최근 국내에서는 기후변화가 용수공급에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 평가한 사례가 많지 않으며 이와 관련된 다양한 정보를 제공하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 미래의 안정적인 용수공급을 위해 미래 다양한 상황에 대한 분석을 통한 수자원 계획이 절실하다. 본 연구에서는 낙동강 유역을 대상으로 미래 다양한 상황을 시나리오로 구성하고 각 시나리오 경로에 대한 물 수급 전망을 통해 용수공급의 안정성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 통해 용수공급의 어려움을 겪을 것으로 예상되는 물 공급 취약지역을 선정하여 제시하였으며 지역별, 용도별 물 부족 시나리오를 전망하였다. 또한 용수공급시설물의 최적연계 운영을 통해 용수공급 능력 증대 효과도 분석하여 제시하였다. 향후 낙동강 유역에는 기후변화 등으로 인해 용수공급의 어려움이 예상됨에 따라 이를 완화 또는 해소하기 위해서 보다 다양한 대책 마련이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.
Total RNAs were isolated from cultured roots of Scopolia parviflora, poly(A)+ RNA was obtained through the mRNA purification, cDNA library of Hnh6h was constructed. Recombinant baculoviruses in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf) cells were constructed by use of the transfer vector pBacPAK, which has the AcNPV sequence under the polyhedrin promoter. The expression vector carrying Hnh6h gene was transferred to S. parviflora and obtained transgenic hairy root lines. Our results confirmed the over expression of the H6H protein was used by anti-pBacPAK about cDNAs of S. parviflora. This study will served for production of tropane alkaloids by metabolic engineering.
This study was carried out to understand the genetic pattern of self-sterility, using a self-fertile variety Cheongyangnative 1 and nine self-sterile cultivars in cultivated boxthorn (Lycium chinense Mill., 2n=24). The inheritance of self-fertility (SF)wa
Soil moisture condition is an important limiting factor in growth and yield in rice culture. The purpose of this study was to compare the influence on the growth, yield and Quality of rice subjected to soil moisture stress (SMS) at different growth stages. Ajaponica rice cultivar, Dongjinbyeo, was cultured under flooded conditions in a plastic container filled with silty loam soil. The container was subjected to SMS until the initial wilting point (IWP) coincided with about 10% in soil moisture content and about-200 kPa in soil matric potential, and was then irrigated again, at 6 and 5 of main growth stage in 1996 and 1997, respectively. At maturity, the plant height, tiller number, leaf area and top dry weight were decreased more in SMS treatments at the early stage than the late stage. The averaged yield index of SMS to control in both years was lowest at meiosis (62.5%), which primarily resulted from lower percent ripened grain and 1,000 grain weight, and second' reduced the spikelet number per panicle and panicle number per hill, and followed at tillering stage (68.5%) which resulted from the lower production in tiller number and top dry matter during and after SMS treatment. The percent-age of read rice in SMS plants varied with the treatment stage as order of lower at meiosis (44.0%), heading (53.9%), panicle initiation (70.1%), tillering (72.1%), ripening (75.8%) and 5 days after transplanting (DAT) (79.0%). Protein content in brown rice was slightly larger in SMS at late growth stage than the control, while the contents of fat and ash differed very little between SMS and control. Contents of Mg and K and Mg/K in brown rice with SMS were lower at some treatment stages such as at ripening or panicle initiation.
Spikelet and vascular bundle development in rice panicles is considered to be the important elements in determining the genotype's yield capacity and translocation ability of assimilates into grains, respectively. This study was conducted to clarify the varietal differences of the spikelet and vascular bundle formations among three rice cultivars; Iksan 435 (japonica), Dongjinbyeo (japonica) and Namcheonbyeo (Tongl-type). Iksan 435 had more primary rachis branches (PRBs), secondary rachis branches (SRBs) and spikelets per panicle than Dongjinbyeo, but less than Namcheonbyeo. Among three cultivars, Namcheonbyeo showed the highest spikelet number per panicle which were differentiated SRBs mainly on PRBs of lower rachis nodes. And Namchenbyeo showed the highest number of large vascular bundle (LVB) as well as small vascular bundle (SVB) and it displayed the largest diameter of LVB. Between the two japonica cultivars, the numbers of LVBs end SVBs were significantly higher in Iksan 435 than those in Dongjinbyeo. The PRBs to LVBs ratio of Namcheonbyeo was twice as large as those of Dongjinbyeo and Iksan 435. These results indicate that the newly bred cultivar, Iksan 435, has improved yield capacity by increasing the number of especially rachis branches and spikelets formation as well as 1,000 grain weight, compared to other former japonicas
This study was conducted to find out a desirable screening condition for the salinity tolerance in germination of rice. Seeds of 33 rice varieties were tested in NaCl solutions with various concentration levels. The germination percentage had a decreasing tendency with increasing NaCl concentration and inhibition concentration of 50% germination was 320mM. Standard deviation of germination percentage was highest (28.6) under 300mM NaCl. There was a highly significant correlation between the 50% germination concentration and the germination percentage at 20th day after seeding in 300mM NaCl. Also in 300mM NaCl, the germination percentage at 20th day after seeding was significantly correlated with the germination percentage at the 6th day after seeding. The salinity tolerance on the basis of germination percentage at 6th day after seeding in 300mM NaCl, was strong in 'Hyangnambyeo', 'Ilmibyeo', 'Kancheogbyeo', and 'Namwonbyeo', while weak in 'Ansanbyeo', 'Odaebyeo', 'Nonganbyeo', 'Dasanbyeo', and 'Namcheonbyeo'.