First published in 1901, “Chengzhong Mengxuetang Zike Tushuo (澄衷蒙學堂字課圖說)” is the first Chinese textbook compiled by schools in China by Liu Shuping, Bai Zuolin, Cai Yuanpei and so on. The textbook mainly includes four parts: “ordinary examples”, “character inspection”, “character classification” and “Tushuo”, and contains “character selection”, “sequence arrangement of Chinese characters”, “rank division” and so on. This paper believes that the textbook has made a good explanation and practice on the Chinese character type selection, quantitative grading, classification of sequencing, and initially established the basic framework of the study of educational characters, which still has important enlightenment and guiding significance for the study of Chinese character education today.