Miae Ahn (2023). “A Study of the /ㅜ/ Replacement of /ㅗ/ in Korean Messenger Corpus”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea, 31(2), 157-176. This study examines the realization of the /ㅜ/ replacement of /ㅗ/ observed at the end of words in the messenger conversation corpus(MCC), comparing it with the results from the “Seoul Corpus(SC; Yoon Y. K. 2020)”. In the "MCC", the frequency of /ㅜ/ replacement of /ㅗ/ was investigated in the following order: postposition, connection ending, and adverbs. Among these, adverbs exhibited the highest realization rate for the /ㅜ/ replacement. In contrast, connection ending and surveys in the SC showed similar frequencies (43.8%, 52.1%). The /ㅜ/ replacement rate for connection ending was found to be 43.8%, while for surveys and adverbs, it was 52.1% and 51.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the /ㅜ/ replacement rate of /ㅗ/ was consistently high in all linguistic contexts in the "SC" However, the text-based "MCC" exhibited a lower realization rate for the /ㅜ/ replacement of /ㅗ/ compared with to the natural speech. This discrepancy is attributed to the influence of text-based conversations, which incorporatesphonetic notation consciousness reflecting linguistic norms and the phonetic preferences of the conversation participants. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the realization patterns of the /ㅜ/ replacement in different linguistic contexts, shedding light on the variations between text-based and natural speech corpora.

To clarify the concepts of dialects, vernacular and regional languages used with similar meanings, this study attempted to reveal the usage patterns and concepts of these expressions based on written corpus. The written corpus of printed newspaper articles from the online Naver News Library that archived newspaper articles from 1920 to 1999 and the news article corpus crawled by the online Naver News portal from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2021 were extracted and analyzed. In particular, this paper analyzed the relationship between collates and keywords based on the corpus linguistic research methodology of the news article corpus for the past eighteen years and how they were being used in official records and press documents by corresponding with the 'dialects, vernacular, and regional languages' in socio-linguistic terms of modern Korean. The results are summarized as follows. First, the concept of linguistic norms that a dialects have terms corresponding to the words or standard languages was established after the 1930s. Second, in the library of newspaper articles published in the 20th century, dialects or vernaculars were perceived as negative objects to be removed in preparation for standard language. Third, it can be seen that the positive value judgment on 'vernacular' has increased in the corpus of news articles over the past decade. Fourth, dialects and vernacular, regional language, and standard language were used to be compatible with each other, and it can been seen that dialects were mainly used in academic contexts and vernacular were mainly used in everyday contexts. Fifth, it can be confirmed that the positive perception of standard language has been maintained in the 20th-century newspaper article corpus and the 21st-century news article corpus for the last eighteen years after the recognition of standard language.