번식우에서 저영양이 지속 될 경우 GnRH 분비이상 등으로 번식장애가 발생하나, 배란 에 앞서 일시적인 영양제한은 과배란처리 할 경우 난포수의 증가, 이식가능수정란의 증 가, 수정란의 질을 개선시키고 임신효율을 향상시킨다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구는 공란우 채란을 위한 과배란 처리시 CIDR 삽입 1주일 전부터 채란일 까지 23일간 일시적인 저영 양, 고영양, 대조구로 구분하여 체내수정란 채란효율을 검토하였다. 가축유전자원시험장 번식우 사양관행에 맞추어 대조구(10두)는 배합사료 1 kg, 고영양구 (8두)는 2.5 kg, 저영 양구(8두)는 0 kg을 제한급여를 하였고 건초는 자유채식을 하였다. 공란우 과배란처리는 공란우의 발정주기에 관계없이 CIDR를 질내 삽입하고 4일째부터 FSH를 4일에 걸쳐 28AU 근육주사 하였으며, CIDR 삽입 후 7일째 PGF2α를 오전 25 mg, 오후 15 mg을 근 육 주사, CIDR를 제거하였다. 인공수정은 PGF2α 주사 후 48시간 전후 발정을 확인하고 12시간 간격으로 정액 2 straw 2회 실시하였으며, 1차 인공수정 후 100 μg GnRH를 근 육주사 후 인공수정 후 7일째 자궁관류에 의하여 수정란 회수하였다. 시험결과로서 공란 우의 황체수에 따른 이식가능 수정란수는 황체수가 10개 미만에서 총 회수난수 3.8±1.46 개, 이식가능난수 1.0±0.77이었으나, 10개 이상에서는 총 회수난수가 12.9±2.30개, 이식 가능난수는 8.3±1.88개로 높게 나타났다. 영양수준에 따른 체내수정란 총 회수난수 및 이 식가능난수는 대조구에서 5.88±1.88, 4.25±1.61, 고영양에서 10.50±3.01, 4.50±3.07개로 회수효율이 낮았으나, 저영양에서는 16.33±4.04, 10.33±3.45개로 2배 이상 이식가능 수정 란수가 많았다. 이들 결과는 과배란 처리시 일시적인 저영양이 배란수 및 질좋은 이식가 능 수정란의 증가에 영향을 미침을 시사하고 있다. 금후 공시두수를 늘려 수정란의 질평 가와 호르몬의 변화, 혈액학적 분석, 이식 후 수태율의 검정 등 좀 더 세부적인 분석이 필요할 것이다.

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of semen on reproductive ability in crossbred Korean native chicken (KNC, 58-wk old). The body weight, volume of semen and concentration of spermatozoa, were 2.96 g, 0.40 ml, 36.58×108/ml, respectively, in KNC. The fertility and hatchability were 94.8% and 78.8% respectively in crossbred KNC. KNC(Y) was high compared to other strains in fertility. The other strains were not significantly different among 6 strains. The results of this experiment indicated that hatchability of (G) was high compared to other strains. The result of this study could be available to genetic improvement of reproductive traits as a basic reference in KNC strains. To achieve the more effective improvement of reproductive traits, addition research such as genetic parameter evaluation should be performed.

In the present study, we identified differentially methylated region (DMR) upstream of Dnmt1o and Dnmt1s gene in early porcine embryos. Porcine Dnmt1o had at least one DMR which was located between —530 bp to —30 bp upstream from transcription start site of the Dnmt1o gene. DNA methylation analyses of Dnmt1o revealed the DMR to be hypomethylated in oocytes, whereas it was highly methylated in sperm. Moreover, the DMR upstream of Dnmt1o was gradually hypermethylated from oocytes to two cells and dramatically changed in the methylation pattern from four cells to BL stages in an in vivo. In an IVF, the methylation status in the DMR upstream of Dnmt1o was hypermethylated from one cell to eight cells, but demethylated at the Morula and BL stages, indicating that the DNA methylation pattern in the Dnmt1o upstream ultimately changed from stage to stage before the implantation. Next, to elucidate whether DNA methylation status of Dnmt1s upstream is stage-by-stage changed in during porcine early development, we analyzed the dynamics of the DNA methylation status of the Dnmt1s locus in germ cell, or one cell to BL cells. The Dnmt1s upstream was highly methylated in one and eight cells, while less methylated in two, four, morula, and BL cells. Taken together, our data demonstrated that DNA methylation and demethylation events in upstream of Dnmt1o/Dnmt1s during early porcine embryos dramatically occurred, and this change may contribute to the maintenance of genomewide DNA methylation in early embryonic development.

The aim of this study is to analyze the planar composition of rectangular formation houses in 8 areas, both cities and counties, in the sphere of Andong and to reveal the characteristics of these houses in each region. This study of the rectangular formation of houses and their characteristics will facilitate an understanding of the general trends of housing in Andong cultural area.. In this study, the subject houses are composed of three parts: Bonchae, Anchae, and Sarangchae, and the author classified the planar types of the houses. The differences in the regional planar types were analyzed through visual and statistical methods. The analyzed results reveal the regional characteristics of the rectangular formation houses in terms of their planar aspects in the Andong region. The distribution showed the greatest preference toward one type out of two types of distribution of Bonchae, Anchae, and Sarangchae. The ratio for the higher distribution was approximately 70%, whereas the ratio for the lower distribution was around 20%. For convenience, the type with a higher distribution rate is referred to as the “major type,” and the type with a lower distribution rate is termed the “minor type.’ The complete-type houses (73%) in Bonchae were a major type there, and the symmetric-type houses (73%) in Anchae were the major type in that location. In addition, the corner-type houses (72%) in Sarangchae were the major type . In the regional distribution of major types and minor types in the 8 regional cities and counties, regional differences were noted. The three regional groups can be divided into A, B, and C according to the distribution ratio. Andong, Bonghwa, and Yecheon belong to region A. that shows a variety of distribution types and a dispersive trend. Yeongyang and Yeongdeok belong to region C that shows a simplified trend.Yeongju and Cheongsong belong to region B

In preparation of silica aerogel-based hybrid coating materials, the combination of hydrophobic aerogel with organic polar binder material is shown to be very limited due to dissimilar surface property between two materials. Accordingly, the surface modification of the aerogel would be required to obtain compatibilized hybrid coating sols with homogeneous dispersion. In this study, the surface of silica aerogel particles was modified by using both surfactant adsorption and heat treatment methods. Four types of surfactants with different molecular weights and HLB values were used to examine the effect of chain length and hydrophilicity. The surface property of the modified aerogel was evaluated in terms of visible observation for aerogel dispersion in water, water contact angle measurement, and FT-IR analysis. In surface modification using surfactants, the effects of surfactant type and content, and mixing time as process parameter on the degree of hydrophilicity for the modified aerogel. In addition, the temperature condition in modification process via heat treatment was revealed to be significant factor to prepare aerogel with highly hydrophilic property.