Generally, because individual agricultural product possesses its own distinctive characteristics and shows different characteristics at each stage of the agricultural supply chain, it is necessary to develop a proper enterprise architecture for managing information system. In this paper, we propose an enterprise architecture based on RFID/USN technology that can be used as a reference enterprise architecture for u-IT application in the agriculture sectors, which is called the u-Farm enterprise architecture with taking heterogeneous characteristics of agricultural products into account for. In addition, we also developed the RFID/USN middleware platform as a core infrastructure technology. Fo evaluation of the performance of the proposed u-Farm architecture and the RFID/USN middleware platform, the field-trial evaluation at the apple Agricultural Processing Center (APC) has been executed and the results shows that the proposed architecture and platform perform well in terms of information integration over the whole SCM process from the farming stage to delivering statge to the customers. It is expected that the proposed u-Farm enterprise architecture can be utilized as a standard information architecture, and the RFID/USN middleware platform can be a infrastructure platform for future u-IT based information technology applications and services in the agricultural environment.

본 연구의 목적은 다양한 높이에 따른 철골 중간모멘트골조의 내진성능을 평가하는 것이다. 구조물의 내진성능은 ATC-63에서 제안한 방법론에 따라 평가되었다. 3층, 6층, 9층, 12층 중간모멘트골조의 설계는 KBC 2009에 따라 수행하였다. 접합부의 모델링은 철골 중간모멘트골조에서 요구되는 회전성능인 0.02rad을 만족하도록 모델링하였다. 연구를 수행한 결과, 구조물의 붕괴확률은 높이가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 특히 9층과 12층 구조물은 ATC-63에서 제시한 요구조건을 만족하지 못하였다.

◉ 목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 요리 치료 활동이 학령기 뇌병변 장애 아동의 실행 기능에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 것이다. ◉ 연구방법 : 본 프로그램은 학령기 뇌병변 남자 아동 6명을 대상으로아동이 흥미를 가지고 참여할 수 있는 요리치료 활동(12회기)으로 구성되었다. 활동 중 실행 기능 증진을 위해 단서 제공 시스템을 이용하였으며, 치료 전후 실행 기능의 비교를 위하여 운동 처리 기술 평가(AMPS)를 사용하였다. 처음과 마지막 회기를 제외한 10회기 동안 제공된 단서의 양과 수준을 분석하였고, 사회성숙도 검사, AMPS, 단서와의 상관관계를 조사하였다. ◉ 결과 : AMPS 평가 결과 모든 아동의 실행 기능이 증진되었으며, 3명의 아동에게서 유의미한 기능 증진이 나타났다. 제공된 단서의 양(21.33회에서 7.25회)과 수준(3.50에서 2.00)은 후반기로 진행될수록 감소되었다. 상관관계 조사 결과 사회성숙도는 AMPS 처리 기술(p<.05), 단서의 양(p<.01), 단서의 수준(p<.01)이 서로 유의미한 상관을 보였고, AMPS 처리 기술은 단서의 양(p<.05), 단서의 수준(p<0.5)과 음적 상관관계를 나타냈다. ◉ 결론 : 단서 제공 시스템을 이용한 요리 치료 활동을 통하여 일상생활에 도움을 줄 수 있는 실행 기능이 증진되었으며, 문제를 해결하는 데 필요한 단서의 양과 수준도 감소되는 것으로 확인되어, 추후 작업-지향적 활동으로서 요리 치료 프로그램이 아동의 실행 기능 증진에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

◉ 목적 : 본 연구는 병원이라는 환경에서 작업치료사가 타 의료진(의사, 물리치료사)과의 다학제적 접근으로 개발하고 진행된 병원 치료 캠프를 소개하고자 하며, 이차적으로 보호자, 자원봉사자들의 병원 캠프에 대한 만족도 및 인식도를 알아보고자 한다. ◉ 연구방법 : 또래 끼리 캠프에 참여한 대상은 총 21명으로(남 14명, 여 7명) 서울특별시 어린이병원 재활의학과에 내원하고 있는 학령기 아동 중 의료진과의 회의를 거쳐 일반 통합 학교에 다니며, 간단한 지시따르기, 일상 생활활동, 독립적인 이동(보조도구 사용)이 가능한 아동으로 선정하였다. 주 진행자로 작업치료사 6명, 물리치료사 2명, 보조진행자로 작업치료, 물리치료학과 학생 26명이 참여하였다. 기간은 2012년 8월 24일∼25일 1박 2일의 일정으로 파티라는 주제로, 춤 배우기, 파티 플래그 만들기, 파티 소품 만들기, 파티 요리하기, 파티에 맞는 역할 수행하기와 야외활동에 참여하였다. ◉ 결과 : 캠프 참여 후 설문지 조사결과 (1) 보호자는 안전, 병원이라는 공간, 치료사 주최, 치료사의 프로그램 진행, 치료학과 학생의 자원봉사 참여에 대한 인식 및 만족도가 높았으며, (2) 자원봉사자는 치료사들이 진행하는 캠프에 참여하고, 아동들과 직접 생활할 수 있는 점에 만족하였다. ◉ 결론 : 1박 2일의 병원 치료 캠프를 통하여 아동들은 다양한 여가와 목적 있는 활동, 역할참여 기회가 되었으며, 보호자와 자원봉사자들의 인식 및 만족도 또한 높았다. 향후 작업치료사들이 개별 치료실에서만의 치료 서비스 제공 뿐 아니라 아동과 관련된 작업 치료 영역(놀이, 여가, 일상생활활동, 사회참여 등)을 모두 고려할 수 있는 치료 캠프를 개발 및 실시함으로 다양한 치료 서비스 제공을 제언하는 바이다.

The decreased fertility is frequently thought to be problem of cattle production. However, studies figure out that number of these problems is related to bull factors especially in artificial insemination setting. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the fertility status of bull by their estimated relative conception rate of cows that were inseminated by frozen semen from Korean proven bulls. Here we use the non-return rate (NRR) to access the bull fertility whereas, the NRR was define as the proportion of bulls that semen were used to inseminate cows and the number of cows that did not return for another service within 60 days. The data from 54,388 artificial inseminations (AI) were analyzed from 88 KPN semen. The NRRs of highest and lowest fertile bull were 83.81 and 51.33%, respectively. And mean NRR was 68.27%. In comparison to previously reported study, our data shows 17.38% higher NRR and the absolute value of difference in 50%>NRR and 50%<NRR group was 22.17 and 10.51, respectively (p< 0.001). In conclusion, the decreased fertility might consider as key aspect in achieving considerable conception of cows in existing integrated farming system at Korea.

Male factor infertility or sub-fertility contributed half of all cases of infertility while the semen abnormality is the current topic of argument. Conventional analysis of semen showed poor correlation with fertility. Therefore, evaluation of current semen analysis method is necessary to improve standards of semen assessment. The goal of this study was to investigate that correlation between motion kinematic before and after capacitation and litter size in porcine. Sperm motility and kinematics were measure by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). The motility of spermatozoa was positively correlated with curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), and mean amplitude of head lateral displacement (ALH) (p<0.05). Where as VCL positively correlated with VSL, VAP and ALH (p<0.01). Straight-line velocity (VSL) was positively correlated with VAP and ALH (p<0.01). VAP was significantly positively correlated with ALH (p<0.01). Also, we found significant positive correlation among variation of VSL, VAP and ALH (p<0.05). No motility and kinematic parameter are correlated with litter size. However, litter size was significantly correlated with breed (p<0.05). Our results suggested that analysis of sperm motility and kinematics using CASA is questionable for prediction of litter size. However, it has some practical importance to evaluate semen commercially.

In this paper, we propose adaptive convergence security policies and management technologies to improve security assurance in the home networking environment. Many security issues may arise in the home networking environment. Examples of such security iss

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of various discontinuous Percoll washing conditions on motile sperm recovery rate and motion kinematics. Frozen semen samples from 3 bulls (0.5 ml plastic straws, 6% glycerol in egg yolk-Tris-glycerol extender) were thawed in 37℃ water bath for 1 min. After thawing, the mixed semen samples were randomly allocated to 12 treatment groups. Briefly, the spermatozoa were centrifuged for three different time lengths (10, 20, and 30 min) at two gravities (300×g and 700×g) through two concentrations of discontinuous Percoll density gradient of 1 ml 90%: 1 ml 45% Percoll and 2 ml 90%: 2 ml 45% Percoll to remove extender, debris, and dead spermatozoa. Motile sperm recovery rate and motion kinematics were evaluated by computer assisted sperm analyzer using Makler counting chamber. Sperm motility (%) and motile sperm recovery rate showed similar pattern in all treatment groups. However, sperm motility (%) and motile sperm recovery rate were highest at 700×g for 30 min through a discontionous Percoll density gradient of 1 ml 90%: 1 ml 45% Percoll. There were no significant differences in motion kinematics after various Percoll washings. These results suggest that force of centrifugation, centrifugation time, and Percoll volume significantly affect motile sperm recovery rate.

Endocrine disruptors bind to hormone receptors on sperm membrane, therefore spermatozoa are potentially a useful model for examining estrogenic activities of endocrine disruptors. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two xenoestrogenic compounds [genistein (Gen) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP)] to those of two steroids [estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4)] on boar sperm % motility and motion kinematics of in vitro. Porcine spermatozoa were incubated with various concentrations (0.001～100 μM) of each chemical for 15 or 30 min, and then assessed % motility and sperm motion kinematics using computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA). Each chemical decreased sperm % motility, and OP decreased VSL and VAP compared with untreated control(p<0.05). E2 stimulated the motion kinematic changes except VCL. Moreover, Gen had effects on VCL and VAP alterations after 30 min incubation. In summary, since all chemicals studied effectively altered sperm % motility and motion kinematics, it was concluded that porcine spermatozoa could be a useful model for in vitro screening of potential endocrine disruptors.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of storage time on fresh boar semen in Androhep and Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS). Boar semen samples extended in each extender were stored at 17℃ up to 4 days. Sperm motility kinematics was evaluated by computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA) and capacitation status by chlortetracycline (CTC)/Hoechst 33258 staining. Sperm motility (%) was not decreased during storage in BTS and Androhep. No significant difference between extenders was observed. Only significant differences in kinematic parameters on linearity during storage were found. The percentage of dead sperm significantly decreased during storage (p<0.05). Also the percentage of noncapacitated, capacitated, and acrosome-reacted sperm significantly modified during storage (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between extenders except proportion of capacitated sperm. This finding supported that modification in these parameters was not significantly different between extenders during this short-term storage. Our finding strongly indicated that both Androhep and BTS maintained favorable conditions for motility, motility kinematics, and capacitation status during short-term storage. Despite modifications in some parameters were apparent during sperm storage in extenders, these may not affect the fertilizing capacity of boar semen.

In the environment of 450mm wafers production known as the next-generation semiconductor production process, one of the most significant features is the full automation over the whole manufacturing processes involved. The full automation system for 450mm

To protect information resources, many organizations including private corporate and government employ integrated information security systems which provide the functions of intrusion detection, firewall, and virus vaccine. In order to develop a reliable

There has been a huge progress in semiconductor manufacturing processes such as reduction of the design rule(DR) and development of multi-processes. And, semiconductor industries have steadily extended its business and market share by reducing the design rule(DR) and enlarging the wafer size as well as by resolving many difficult technical problems through various noble approaches in order to reduce the production cost and to improve the yield. In semiconductor manufacturing, there is a significant difference in the number of memory chips produced according to the wafer size, wafer yield, and the level of the design rule even though the same number of wafers were put to the manufacturing process. So, almost all semiconductor manufacturing companies reach the conclusion that the enlarged size of wafer should be adopted in order to enhance the productivity and reduce the production cost. Thus, in this study, we investigate the specifications of the key functions and capabilities of the necessary modules in the yield analysis and improvement system required to acquire the stationary wafer yield with considering the 450mm wafer manufacturing system. Then the results of this research will be helpful for constructing the advanced yield analysis and improvement system called Real-Time Fault Monitoring and Detection (RTFMD) system.

In 450mm wafers production environment for next generation Fab, one of the most significant features is the adoption of full automation to the whole manufacturing processes involved. The full automation system will prevent the workers from intervening the manufacturing processes as much as possible and increase the importance of each individual wafer noticeably, and thus require a more robust scheduling system for entire semiconductor manufacturing processes. The scheduling system for 450mm wafers production also should be capable of monitoring the status of each individual wafer and collecting useful Fab data in real time. In this study, we first analysis of cluster tool in 450mm wafers production environment, and then propose a real-time scheduling algorithm based on timetabling algorithm.

In 450mm wafers production environment for next-generation semiconductor production, one of the most significant features is the adoption of full automation to the whole manufacturing processes involved. The full automation system applied to the whole manufacturing processes will prevent the workers from intervening the manufacturing processes as much as possible and increase the importance of each individual wafer noticeably, and thus require a more robust scheduling system for entire semiconductor manufacturing processes. The scheduling system for 450mm wafers production also should be capable of monitoring the status of each individual wafer and collecting useful fab data in real time. Based on data (or information) gathered in each process, the real-time scheduling system function efficiently to control the whole semiconductor manufacturing processes. In this study, we first carry out preliminary survey on the system requirements and the necessary functions for constructing the real time scheduling system with considering the changes from 300mm wafer production environment to 450mm wafer production environment, and then propose the scheduler system architectures for the cluster-type production processes which are the general in 450mm wafer production environment for the efficient production scheduling. The system architectures proposed in this study involve the modules for real-time scheduling, the modules for supporting the cluster-type production, the modules for finding optimal schedules, and so on. Also, we provide the specifications of the key required functions and capabilities of the modules and the relationship among the modules proposed.　

본 논문에서는 시스템 연령(年齡)에 의해 보전 활동의 효과를 설명하는 일반 수리(修理) 개념을 이용한 최적 보전(保全) 정책에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 논문에서는 주기적인 일반 수리와 고장 시 최소 수리가 적용되는 최적 보전 정책을 고려하였다. 따라서 일반 수리에 따른 보전 정책의 비용 함수를 도출하였고 최적 보전 정책을 도출하는 알고리즘을 제시하였고 예제를 통해 알고리즘의 성능을 분석하였다. 이 연구를 통해 시스템을 운영하는데 있어서 어느 수준의