Maintenance of facilities is also growing in importance with the increased quantity. In developed countries, it is trying to introduce the asset management of the facility. In addition, the Korea Accounting guidelines presents a valuation method for the facility. In this study, we investigated the methods presented in infrastructure assets for accounting guidelines.

Recent development in North Korea has heighted the security situation in Northeast Asia region. Also, the discussion and interest relation to reunification of the government and academia including korean people have been actively developed. Therefore, this study should asserts the needs and plan of infrastructure improvement in the Korean Peninsula. Accordingly, The purpose of this study is as follows; First, it investigate the current status for the civil structures facility including the main infrastructures of North Korea. Second, it estimate on the risk and technology level of Infrastructure Based on questionnaire and interview refugees of North Korea.

Recent development in North Korea has heighted the security situation in Northeast Asia region. Also, the discussion and interest relation to reunification of the government and academia including korean people have been actively developed. Therefore, this study should asserts the needs and plan of infrastructure improvement in the Korean Peninsula. Accordingly, The purpose of this study is as follows; First, it investigate the current status for the civil structures facility including the main SOC of North Korea. Second, it estimate on the development value and fragility level of Infrastructure Based on questionnaire and interview refugees of North Korea.

Park Geun-hye President emphasized "Eurasian Initiatives" and advocated cooperative exchange the South and North at groundbreaking ceremony of Gyeongwon-line railway restoration in August 2015. Also, the discussion and interest relation to reunification of the government and academia including korean people have been actively developed. Therefore, this study asserts the necessity and importance of infrastructure establishment in the Korean Peninsula. Accordingly, The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status for the whole facilities including the main SOC of the South and North and to Predict on the technology and risk Level of Infrastructure Based on face to face interview refugees of North Korean.

Infrastructure of the Korean construction industry has been rapidly aging in spite of the major qualitative growth over a short period of time for the last fifty years and interest in the social needs for maintenance has been increasing. Consequently, the paradigm of the domestic infrastructure maintenance market is changing and the needs of users are gradually increasing. According to the results of the domestic maintenance survey and analysis, first-class and second-class public structures specified by the 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' are showing remarkable results and effects through the enactment and improvement of related laws. In this study, a survey was conducted for the domestic maintenance market and its status and ensuing reactions regarding policy were proposed for future improvement.

Although researching and developing of safety and maintenance on domestic facilities are important, there is little recent on a comprehensive and integrated survey of actual condition. Therefore this study asserts the necessity of the survey process of actual condition by period planning(short-term, middle-term, long-term). The purpose of this study is to investigate current situation and to suggest the whole process method, and to establish survey process of actual condition on domestic infrastructure facilities and buildings.

the government and the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea enacted and proclaimed the 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' (hereinafter referred to as the 'Special Act') through the legislation process by Assembly members on January 5, 1995, in order to prevent disasters and calamities through facility safety inspections and proper maintenance. But nevertheless the result of the 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' clearly exist, methodical analysis and effect of 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' have not proposed since last 20 years. So question about the infrastructure of safety is brought up consistently. After that, the government has been creating new trends of facility maintenance since it deeply realized the significance of systematic inspection and maintenance of major public structures.

Although understanding and interesting of safety and maintenance on domestic facilities are important, there is little recent on a comprehensive and integrated survey of actual condition. Therefore this study asserts the necessity of the survey methodology. The purpose of this study is to investigate current situation and to suggest integrated facility breakdown structure, and to establish survey process of actual condition on domestic infrastructure facilities and buildings.

DNA damage such as genotoxicity was identified with comet assay, which blood cell of a marine parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus) was exposed to an acidified seawater, lowered pH gradient making of CO2 gas. The gradient of pH were 8.22, 8.03, 7.81, 7.55 with control as HBSS solution with pH 7.4. DNA tail moment of fish blood cell was 0.548 ± 0.071 exposed seawater of pH 8.22 condition, on the other hand, DNA tail moment 1.601 ± 0.197 exposed acidified seawater of pH 7.55 lowest condition. The approximate difference with level of DNA damage was 2.9 times between highest and lowest of pH. DNA damage with decreasing pH was significantly increased with DNA tail moment on blood cell of marine fish (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Ocean acidification, especially inducing the leakage of sequestered CO2 in geological structure is a consequence from the burning of fossil fuels, and long term effects on marine habitats and organisms are not fully investigated. The physiological effects on adult fish species are even less known. This result shown that the potential of dissolved CO2 in seawater was revealed to induce the toxic effect on genotoxicity such as DNA breakage.

Chronic effects such as reproduction and population dynamics with elevated CO2 concentration were evaluated using two representative marine benthic species, copepod (Tisbe sp.) and amphipod (Monocorophium acherusicum) adopting long-term exposure. Juvenile copepod and amphipod individuals were cultivated in the seawater equilibrated with control air (0.395 mmol CO2/air mol) and high CO2 air having 0.998, to 3.03, 10.3, and 30.1 mmol CO2/air mol during 20 and 46 days, respectively. After the exposure period, the number of benthic invertebrate was counted with separate larval and juvenile stage such as naupliar, copepodid and adult for copepod, or neonate and adult for amphipod, respectively. The individual number of both test species at each life-stage was significantly decreased in seawater with 10.3 mmol CO2/air mol or higher. Recently, the technology of marine CO2 sequestration has been developed for the reduction of CO2 emission, which may cause climate change. However, under various scenarios of CO2 leaks during the injection process or sequestrated CO2 in marine geological structure, the potential risk to organism including various invertebrates can be expected to exposure. So the results of this study suggested that the detailed consideration on the adverse effect with marine ecosystem can be prerequisite for the marine CO2 sequestration projects.

감태 효소 가수분해물과 제주특별자치도에서 생산된 신선한 고등어를 이용하여 건강 기능성이 부여된 고품질 간고등어를 제조할 목적으로 감태 효소 가수분해물의 적정 처리 조건에 대하여 살펴보았다. 감태 효소 가수분해물 처리유무 및 처리농도에 관계없이 간고등어의 일반성분, 염도, 대장균, pH, 휘발성염기질소, histamine 및 과산화물값은 5% 유의수준에서 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 하지만, DPPH free radical, hydroxyl radic

We present an implementation of particle filter algorithm for global localization and kidnap recovery of mobile robot. Firstly, we propose an algorithm for efficient particle initialization using sonar line features. And then, the average likelihood and entropy of normalized weights are used as a quality measure of pose estimation. Finally, we propose an active kidnap recovery by adding new particle set. New and independent particle set can be initialized by monitoring two quality measures. Added particle set can re-estimate the pose of kidnapped robot. Experimental results demonstrate the capability of our global localization and kidnap recovery algorithm.

본 연구에서는 인산염과 가스첨가제를 첨가한 된장 시료군과 첨가하지 않은 된장 시료군 간의 이화학적 분석 결과 및 관능적인 품질 특성에 대하여 연구하였다. 제조된 된장을 28일간 저장하면서 이화학적 분석 및 색상 변화 측정, 관능평가 등 분석을 실시하였는데, 인산염과 가스첨가제를 첨가한 된장 시료 C의 경우가 된장에 인산염만 첨가했을 때의 된장 시료 B, 인산염과 가스첨가제를 첨가하지 않은 된장시료 A와 비교하여 색상에 있어서 좋은 품질을 유지하였

고추장의 보존성, 편리성을 증진시키기 위하여 공장생산 고추장을 분무, 진공 및 동결건조하여 분말 화 한 후 수화시킨 고추장의 관능과 물성, 색도, 성분변화를 검토하였고 분말고추장을 밀봉하여 에서 90일간 저장하면서 저장과정 중 색도 및 성분변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 관능검사 결과 건조 고추장의 품질은 동결건조 고추장이 대조구와 가장 비슷하였고 분무건조 고추장, 진공건조 고추장 순 이었다. 원료 고추장을 동결, 분무, 진공건조 하