The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue(MB) was investigated using TiO2 as photocatalyst and UV radiation. TiO2 supported with activated carbon(AC) was prepared by SOL-GEL method and depended on several parameters such as the mass ratio of TiO2/AC, pH and experimental time. The presence of the anatase and rutile crystal phase was determined by XRD analyses of the prepared TiO2. The degradation of MB with TiO2/AC was about 20% higher than that of AC alone. A variation of photodegradation was negligible under UV radiation conditions ( ≥ 40W). It was experimentally showed that the photodegradation rate was increased with increasing the amount of photocatalyst. The optimal catalyst was prepared by impregmation of 5wt%-TiO2 with AC and was calcined at 300℃, and showed about 99% removal efficiency for 3hrs.

We surveyed the concentrations of PM10, O3, and bioaerosol in public facilities including restaurants, offices, and private academies in Chung-Nam province area. During 3 months (from August 30, 2005), the bioaerosol concentrations were measured by a single stage air cascade sampler using the inertia collision catching method for the flux of 28.29 ℓ/min. The mean values were measured as 101.1㎍/㎥ for PM10 and 12.4 ppb for O3. The concentrations of colony for bacteria and fungi were 464 and 287 CFU/㎥ in restaurants, 223 and 271 CFU/㎥ in offices, and 259 and 107 CFU/㎥ in private academics. It is thus suggested that the regulation of indoor air conditions should be amended to control the quantity of bioaerosol in public facilities.

It has been confirmed that some Trihalomethanes (THMs) suspected as carcinogens, can be formed during chlorination for water supply through the reaction of chlorine and humic substances in water. The electrochemical characteristics on activated carbon fiber filter (ACF) electrode were investigated to remove the THMs in the chlorination process of drinking water. The electrochemical removal efficiency depended on the applied voltage and flow rate. In this study, the best result showed that the removal efficiency of THMs was higher than 99%.

Liquid-phase methanol synthesis via methyl formate using coal-derived syngas was carried out in a bench-scale(diameter 173 mm and dispersion height 1200 mm) slurry bubble column reactor(SBCR) Under the condition of 180˚. 61 atm, 30 L/min, H2/CO=2 and a slurry mixture of 2 kg of copper chromite and 0.5 kg of KOCH3 suspended in 14 L of methanol, the per pass conversions of syngas is 6 %, maximum concentration of methyl formate 3.088 mol% and maximum synthesis, rate of methanol 0.8 gmole/kg · hr. It is a significant evidence that copper chromite powder as heterogeneous catalyst didn't active for the hydrogenolysis of methyl formate to methanol, resulting copper chromite powder was not efficiently suspended in a slurry mixture. To enhance the hydrogenolysis of methyl formate in liquid-phase methanol synthesis process, the designed SBCR have need to use the higher specific gravity solvent and/or decrease the catalyst particle size.

P-type의 단결정 실리콘 위에 1000a의 열산화막을 성장시킨후 5500a의 다결정 실리콘으로 증착된 시료를 가지고 HBr/Cl2/He-O2 혼합기체로 식각할 때 시료의 식각 특성에 관한 H2-O2 기체함량. RF 전력, 압력에 대한 영향을 XPS(X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy)와 SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy)으로 조사하였다. HBr/Cl2/He-O2 혼합기체로 식각되는 동안 형성된 다결정 실리콘 식각속도는 H2-O2 함량 증가에 따라 증가하였으며 식각잔유물은 RF 전력과 압력변화에 의해 영향은 받지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 다결정 실리콘 측벽에서의 증착속도는 낮은 RF전력과 높은 압력에서 높게 나타났다. 다결정 실리콘 식각 잔유물의 결합에너지는 안정한 SiO2인 열산화막의 경우보다 높으므로 식각 잔유물은 SiOχ(χ>2)의 화합결합을 가지는 산화물과 같은 잔유물로 생각된다.

The National Institute of Environmental Research (3rd KONEHs) conducted a survey of 280 residents in Ulsan, Suwon and Asan, and the concentration of heavy metals in the blood and urine were also analyzed. In case of blood lead concentration, Ulsan 2.27 ㎍/㎗, Suwon 2.08 ㎍/㎗, and Asan 1.75 ㎍/㎗, the high peak in Ulsan, and the low peak in Asan. In case of cotinine concentration, Ulsan smoking(609.16 ㎍/g_ct) is higher than nonsmoking(74.07 ㎍/g_ct), as Suwon and Asan smoking(416.72 ㎍/g_ct, 903.21 ㎍/g_ct) is higher than nonsmoking(72.72 ㎍/g_ct, 18.06 ㎍/g_ct), smoking group is higher than nonsmoking group in all areas revealed statistically significant correlation(p<0.01). In considering results synthetically, these study results are an aid to constructing environmental health science-side heavy metal management measure education programs for normal residents.

The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between airborne manganese and blood manganese in a general population of South Korean adults. The concentrations of airborne manganese in total suspended particulate (TSP) were calculated from data obtained from ambient air-monitoring stations (AAMSs) located in South Korea. Blood manganese data obtained Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) using a rolling sampling design involving a complex, stratified, multistage, probability cluster survey of a representative sample of the non-institutionalized civilian population of South Korea. Airborne manganese geometric means was 46.10 ng/㎥, blood manganese geometric means were 1.19 ㎍/㎗ for male and 1.40 ㎍/㎗ for female. In multiple linear regression analysis of log transformed blood manganeseas a continuous variable on airborne manganese, after adjusting for covariates including gender, age, job, smoking and drinking status, education level, BMI (body mass index). Airborne manganese was positively associated with blood manganese with statistical significance. The present study confirms that airborne manganese is a possible contributor to the increase of blood manganese in the adult general population.

감귤은 국내 및 동남아시아 지역에서 많이 즐기는 식품 중 하나이며, 이러한 감귤류의 껍질을 건조시킨 것을 진피라고 한다. 이러한 진피는 한방에서는 이뇨작용, 비장기능을 강화하는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 천연 플라보노이드를 다량 함유하고 있어 학계에서 여러 분야로 연구가 되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 플라보노이드 배당체를 함유한 진피 추출물을 β-glucosidase 효소를 이용하여 아글리콘(aglycone)으로 변환할 수 있도록 치마버섯 배양을 실시하였다. 진피 발효 배양액을 HPLC를 이용하여 분석하였으며, UVA에 의한 광손상 보호능을 섬유아세포를 이용하여 측정하였다. 진피 발효 배양액은 COX-2, LOX-5와 같은 항염증 관련 대사에도 관여하여 염증완화에도 도움을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 각질 형성세포를 이용한 interleukin-1α를 측정한 결과 진피발효배양액 처리군의 저해활성이 더 높았다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 진피발효 배양액은 피부에 대한 항염 및 항산화 효과가 우수한 것으로 사료된다.

This research had been conducted from May to October 2007, studying 110 residents of G, Y, H industrial area in Jun-nam province. It is designed to understand the difference in levels of indoor, outdoor and personal exposure to VOCs(benzene, toluene, Ethylbenzene) and a health risk assessment was conducted to see if there was any fatal cause from carcinogenic or non - carcinogenic elements from a case group and a control group in all areas as well as each different area. In the case of benzene in the air, the geometric levels for the case group are indoor, outdoor and personal exposure; a higher than for the control group. As a results of the Monte - Carlo study about benzene, it shows that the case group’s carcinogenicity is higher than that of the control group and it also shows that, on the CTE, RME condition and Monte - Carlo analysis, all subjects are seen to exceed the carcinogenicity tolerance 10-6 of US EPA. In the case of toluene, ethylbenzene on the CTE, RME condition and Monte - Carlo analysis, these do not exceed the non - carcinogenic standard of 1, but toluene in RME condition for both groups’ personal exposure and the indoor and personal exposure of ethylbenzene in Monte - Carlo show that these seem to exceed the standard.

This study was conducted to survey the subjective symptoms of workers and users in selected 5 public facility groups(offices, performance halls, private crammers, wedding halls and indoor sports facilities), located in Seoul, Daejeon and Chungnam Province. Overall as subjective symptoms that were worse at public facilities than those usual, following responses appeared: I have a headache, My eyes are dry or feel irritated or itching, I feel eyestrain or my eyes are bloodshot, My nose was stuffy, I have a cough, I feel dry in the throat or inflammation happens, I feel oppressed in the breast or sometimes have difficulty in breathing, My skin gets dry, My skin is itching or has some spots, I feel like vomiting, I feel easily tired or sleep, I lose my concentration and I feel my memory is falling, I feel dizzy, I feel depressed, I feel being sharp and feel tension, I feel muscular pain or stiffness on shoulders, back and neck. Also, we compare with normal subjective symptoms scores and subjective symptoms scores in public facilities. The highest subjective symptoms score in at normal was my skin gets dry(2.35 points) and subjective symptoms score in public facilities was I feel eyestrain or my eyes are bloodshot(2.61 points).

본 연구의 목적은 전지구 수문해석도구인 지표수문해석모형과 전지구 자료의 적용성을 평가하는데 있다. 이에 적정 지표수문해석모형을 선정하고 관측 댐 상류 유역을 대상으로 모형의 모의 능력을 평가하였다. 전지구 자료는 전 세계를 대상으로 제공되는 기상 및 지형 자료를 이용하였으며, 전지구 자료의 불확실성을 평가하기 위해 자료별 생성되는 유출 결과의 정확도를 분석하였다. 또한 기간별 유출분석을 수행하여 전지구 자료의 활용방안을 마련하였다. 국내 자료를 기반으로

The concentrations of HCHO(formaldehyde), PM10(particulate matter), CO₂(carbon dioxide) and TBC(total bacteria counter) distribution in schools(Chung-Nam Area) were examined, and the results were compared with the recommended criterion of the administration law of indoor air. The subjects were an elementary school, a middle school and a high school in Chung-Nam area, and the concentration of TBC was examined by Single Stage Air Cascade Sampler, which applied the inertia collision catching method of 28.29L/min(flux) during 5 months from March, 2007 to July, 2007. The instrument(LD-3B, SIBATA Company)was used to examine PM10, by a light scattering method and a light transmission method. The instrument(Airboxx(KD Engineering) was used to examine CO₂. The instument(Z300XP(Environmental sensor)was used to examine HCHO. The result indicated that the PM10 average concentrations of the surveyed classrooms were 49 μg/m3 in Spring and 59 μg/m3 in Summer. The CO₂ average concentration of the surveyed schools were 576 ppm in the classroom and 527 ppm in the stateroom. The average concentration of TBC were 729 CFU/m3 in an elementary school, 401 CFU/m3 in a middle school, 381 CFU/m3 in a high school. The HCHO average concentration of the surveyed schools were 0.03 ppm in the classroom, 0.02 ppm in the stateroom.

The purpose of this study was to investigate Rn concentration and annual radiation exposure level in the basement and first floor. The Rn Cup monitors were placed in different environments such as shopping stage, office building, Apartment, Hospital , house in Seoul from March 1996 to April 1997 and CR-39 films were collected every two months. The mean radon concentration in the basement of house(88.6 Bq/㎥) showed the highest level among the areas, while radon concentration on the first floor of house(50.5 Bq/㎥) showed the higher than other areas. The annual radiation exposure dose that person on the floor / in the basement of differential place in the seoul can be exposed during living was estimated from 24.11 to 87.64 mRem/yr. This radiation dose is significantly lower than 130mRem maximum radiation dosage from the radon nuclide prescribed by the ICRP, with respect to the overall average exposure of the working adult. this study indicated that possible radon sources on the first floor / in the basement areas are radon intrusion from soil gas, construction materials, or ground water leaking. Further study is needed to quantitatively assess major contributions of radon-222 and health effect to radon exposure.