Sulgidduk is a kind of basic steamed rice cake in Korea. Multifunctional portable grinder was used for making sulgidduk and investigated the characteristic changes of rice powder for deciding the proper particle size of rice powder. Operation times for grinding the water absorbed swelled rice were 10, 20, 30 and 40 seconds. Moisture contents of rice powder and sulgidduk showed an increasing tendency with an increase of operation times for grinding. Springiness showed significant differences according to the operation times. Cohesiveness was decreased severely after 40 seconds grinding. Chewiness showed high after 20 seconds grinding in all groups; however, decreased after 40 seconds grinding and showed similar chewiness of the control group. Fracturability also showed severe increased tendency after 20 seconds grinding and decreased after 30 seconds grinding. Strength and hardness showed significant differences; they were increased until 30 seconds and severely decreased after 40 seconds grinding. L values showed significant differences in all the groups (p≤0.05). The a and b values did not show any differences in all groups. Overall sensory evaluations, such as colors, flavors and texture, were increased with operation times for grinding and showed significant differences among the groups (p<0.05). As a result of this study, 40 seconds grinding times were the best condition for making sulgidduk, using by multifunctional grinder.

In this study, we mainly focus on the study of densification of gas-atomized Cu-50 wt.%In-13 wt.%Ga alloy powder without occurrence of crack during the forming process. Cu-50 wt.%In-13 wt.%Ga alloy powder was consolidated by sintering and rolling processes in order to obtain high density. The phase and microstructure of formed materials were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM), respectively. Warm rolling using copper can result in the improvement of density. The specimen obtained with 80% of rolling reduction ratio at using cooper can have the highest density of .

To investigate the protective effect of omija(Schizandra chinensis Baillon) tea extracts against the aluminum toxicity, Sprague-Dawley rats(100±10g) were divided into 6groups consisting of a control group, a 3% Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea plus extract group, a 1, 000 and 2, 000ppm aluminum group, and a 1, 000 and 2, 000ppm aluminum plus 3% Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea plus extract group. The rats administered aluminum were given 1, 000 and 2, 000ppm of Al2(SO4)3 dissolved in distilled water. The aluminum content in tissues from rats administered aluminum was lower than in the tissues of rats of administered aluminum plus 3% Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea in the water extract. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) levels were increased in the aluminum group and lower in the group receiving a 3% extract of Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea. Lactate dehydrogenase(LDHase) was lower in the group receiving a 3% extract of Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea plus aluminum than in the aluminum group. Cholinesterase(ChEase) was higher in the 3% Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea-aluminum group than in the aluminum group. Plasma levels of renin were increased in the aluminum group, compared to the group receiving 3% Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea plus aluminum. Plasma levels of aldosterone were increased in the aluminum group compared with the 3% Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea plus aluminum group. These results suggest that the group receiving Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea in water extract had a lowered level of aluminum accumulation, and it is believed that the Schizandra chinensis Baillon tea plus water had some protective effects against aluminum toxicity when administered in rats, but the mechanism of these effects remains obscure.

The origin of squamous cell components in salivary gland tumor has been not yet clarified in detail. The squamous cell differentiation from adenocarcinoma has been reported in various carcinoma by HPV transfection in vitro. The adenocarcinoma cells adjacent to the squamous cell carcinoma components were positive for HPV. This is thought to indicate that after adenocarcinoma cells are transfected with HPV, they undergo morphological changes, and that squamous cell differentiation follows. The purpose of this study were to examine the effects of HPV-16 E6/E7 gene transfection into SGT cell line from human salivary gland adenocarcinoma, and to study the relation between the E6/E7 gene and squamous differentiation. Plasmid pBR322 containing HPV-16 was transfected into cultured SGT cell line using lipofectin method. Hygromycin was used as a selection marker. The presence of HPV E6/E7, transglutaminase 1, and involucrin mRNAs and protein in E6/E7 gene transfected cells was investigated by RT-PCR and immunoslot blot method. The apoptosis index was analysed by flow cytometry. The growth rate of E6/E7 gene transfected cells was reduced. E6/E7 transfected SGT cells increased apoptosis index. Involucrin and TGase I mRNAs by the squamous cell differentiation was most conspicuous in the E6/E7 gene transfected cell compared with non transfected cells. Squamous cell differentiation demonstrated in the transfectedSGT cell line, which expressed E6/E7 fusion gene mRNA.E6/E7 gene transfected cells showed squamous cell differentiation, expressing involucrin and TGase 1 protein by immunoslot blotting. The transfected SGT cell which expressed E6/E7 gene mRNA showed the squamous cell differentiation particularly clearly, and apoptosis was also demonstrated. It suggested that E6/E7 gene transfection into human salivary gland adenocarcinoma cells might induce clear squamous cell differentiation and contribute to study the pathogenesis of human salivary gland adenocarcinoma.

EBR-II사용후핵연료의 파이로건식처리공정에 의해 발생된 우라늄의 순도에 대한 포괄적인 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과를 미국 아이다호 국립연구소 및 한국원자력연구원의 협력과제 하에서 한국과 미국의 저준위 폐기물 기준으로 비교하였다. 미국의 저준위 폐기물 기준은 우라늄 동위원소를 포함하지 않으나, 한국의 경우는 포함하는 것으로 조사되었다. 분석결과 EBR-II 우라늄 생성물 내에서 저준위 기준을 초과하는 유일한 알파 핵종은 우라늄 동위원소가 아니라 Pu-239였다. 생성물 내의 Pu 오염은 개량된 염증류공정을 통한 예비실험 결과 획기적으로 줄일 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 보다 공정을 개선 시킨다면 제안된 기술을 이용하여 미국의 저준위 기준을 만족시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다