Fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) is a major pest worldwide, and since its first domestic invasion was confirmed in 2019, its damage has been steadily increasing in crops such as corn until recently. In order to provide basic data for the management of FAW, we conducted a comparison of host preference and nutritional composition analysis of corn varieties. A total of 12 varieties of corn were selected for the experiment. To investigate the preference among the varieties, we examined the host preferences at the population level and the individual level, and found no statistically significant differences. In the population-level experiment, the highest damage rate was observed for Saekso 4 and the lowest for Heukgeom 2. In the individual-level experiment, the highest damage rate was found for Kangilok and the lowest for Oryun 2 when using leaves, and the highest for Saekso 1 and the lowest for Dreamok when using stems. As a result, the population-level and individual-level results were not consistent, suggesting that FAW's corn variety preference is not clear and may vary depending on various conditions such as corn tissue. Composition analysis of the 12 varieties showed no correlation between composition and FAW preference among the varieties, and considering the feeding behavior of FAW, which are highly polyphagous, it is recommended to control FAW as early as possible to improve control effectiveness.

Six mosquito species in the Anopheles Hyrcanus group are known as vectors responsible for transmitting vivax malaria in South Korea. In this study, seasonal dynamics of Anopheles Hyrcanus group species and knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in malaria-endemic sites, Paju and Gimpo, were monitored over two years. In August 2023, all six species were observed simultaneously in one of the Paju collecting sites, and kdr mutations were newly identified in all species except Anopheles kleini. Although Anopheles pullus was revealed as a relatively resistant species among five species populations without kdr mutation via bioassays, there were no critical differences in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel sequence. These findings suggest variability in pyrethroid resistance mechanisms among Anopheles Hyrcanus Group species.

Chromosomal level of Korean Diadegma fenestrale (Jeju strain, JK-2023a) of genome assembly was achieved through a combined approach utilizing Nanopore long-read sequencing and Illumina NovaSeq short-read sequencing (approximately 217.2× coverage). The assembled genome spans 221.1 Mb, comprises 68 scaffolds, with most of the genome contained within 11 chromosomal level scaffolds. The completeness of the assembly is reflected in BUSCO assessment, with values reaching 99.6%. Scaffold N50 was 17.4 Mb, and GC % was 40%. RNAseq was performed using RNA extracted from larvae, pupae, and adults at various developmental stages (trimmed RNA-Seq data, 11.3 Gb), and a total of 13,544 genes were predicted by synthesizing the transcriptome information with the annotation information of five closely related species such as, Campoletis sonorensis (GCA_013761285.1), Venturia canescens (GCF_019457755.1), and Nasonia vitripennis (GCF_000002325.3, and GCF_009193385.2). Of these, 13,498 genes were identified by BLAST and are being further analyzed. Although the frequency of DfIV genome integration into the host’s 11 chromosomes varies from 0 to 32%, it was confirmed that all 62 DfIV genome fragments were inserted into the Hymenopteran host genome.

담배가루이는 전세계의 온대 및 아열대 지방에 넓게 분포하고 있으며, 한국에서는 시설재배작물의 주요 해충 이다. 1998년 충북 친천군 장미재배지에서 처음 확인되었으며, 이후 전국적으로 확산된 것으로 추정된다. 담배가 루이는 고추, 토마토, 오이 등 300종이 넘는 넓은 기주범위를 가지며, 식물체를 흡즙하여 작물의 생산성을 저하시 키고 토마토황화잎말림바이러스(tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV) 등 100여종이 넘는 바이러스를 매개한다. 담배가루이는 주로 살충제를 이용한 방제가 이루어진다. 하지만 살충제를 이용한 방제법은 살충제 저항성 개체 를 발생시킨다. 살충제 저항성 개체가 발생하게 되면 방제 효율이 급감하여 농가에 추가적인 경제적 피해를 야기 한다. 본 연구는 국내 지역별 담배가루이를 대상으로 약제별 살충제 저항성의 발생 현황을 조사하여, 지역별 효과적인 약제를 탐색하고 향후 방제 전략 수립에 기여하고자 한다. 담배가루이는 전국 15지역(파주, 양평, 화성, 양구, 횡성, 평창, 당진, 천안, 공주, 예천, 구미, 사천, 남원, 나주, 고흥)에서 채집되었다. 살충제는 작용기작 별 사용량이 많은 8종을 선정하였으며, 엽침지법을 사용하여 살충률을 확인하였다. 곤충생장조절제(insect growth regulators, IGR) 피리프록시펜계 약제는 알을 대상으로, 그 외 7개 약제는 2령약충을 대상으로 살충률을 확인하였 다. 모든 지역에서 높은 살충력을 보인 약제는 아버멕틴과 밀베마이신계, 스피노신계, METI살충제, 디아마이드 계 약제이다. 특히 아버멕틴과 밀베마이신계 약제는 살충제 권장사용농도(10ppm)보다 낮은 8.9ppm이하의 LC90 값을 보여 감수성으로 추정되며, 예외적으로 천안 지역의 25.6ppm으로 상대적으로 높은 LC90값을 보였다. 낮은 살충력을 보인 약제는 네오니코티노이드계, 설폭시민계, 피리프록시펜계, 테트론산 및 테트람산 유도체 약제이 다 특히 네오니코티노이드계 약제는 모든 지역에서 살충제 권장사용농도(50ppm)보다 높은 715ppm이상의 LC90 값을 보여, 모든 지역에서 살충제 저항성이 발생한 것으로 추정된다. 실험결과를 통해 살충제 별 살충력의 차이와 지역별 살충제 저항성을 검정하였다. 연구결과를 통해 지역별/약제별 저항성관리 및 대응전략을 수립하여 농업 생산성을 향상시키는 것에 도움이 되고자 한다.

Climate change has led to increased insect pests and pest distribution changes. Traditionally, chemical control using synthetic pesticides has been the main method for pest management, but the emergence of pesticide-resistant pests has become a problem. There is a need to develop new pest control agents to overcome these issues. Entomopathogenic fungi used in pest management have minimal environmental side effects and possess a mechanism of action distinct from that of synthetic pesticides. However, there is a need for the development of technologies to maximize the insecticidal effects of fungi against pests, and expressing and releasing dsRNA within the fungi can preemptively knock out the activation of the insect’s defense system, thereby enhancing the insecticidal effect. Controlling insect defense genes and using entomopathogenic fungi as bio-carriers forms a new pest management strategy. This approach, described as a “microbial insecticide agents development strategy of cassette concept, ” can versatilely modify genes and microbes. It is expected to overcome the limitations of synthetic pesticides.

코로나바이러스감영증-19 사태가 전세계를 강타하면서, 우리는 기존과 다르게 변해가는 일상 에 적응하는 뉴노멀 시대를 맞이 하였다. 코로나19 이후, 방송, 강의분야 등 문화예술계에도 비대면 문화가 급속도로 확산되고, 방송업계는 랜선방청제도를 도입하여 화상시스템을 통한 온 라인 실시간 방청을 제공하여 관객의 참여를 유도하고 있으며, 강의행사 분야도 화상회의 시 스템을 활용한 진행과 유튜브 플랫폼을 활용한 실시간 송출의 비대면 형태로 진행되고 있다. 이러한 비대면 참여환경은 물리적 스테이지의 한계, 음향 촬영 구도의 아쉬움, 현장감, 생동감 등 몰입적 측면에서의 한계가 존재하고, 언택트 방송 및 공연의 경우 음향과 촬영구도가 아쉬 운 부분으로 꼽히며 현장과의 괴리감, 집중하고 싶은 장면을 선택하여 볼수 없다는 한계도 지 닌다. 비대면 강의 경우에도 일상에서 쉼 없이 이어지는 비대면 참여 환경에 ZOOM Fatigue 라는 신조어가 등장할 만큼 비대면 환경에서의 집중력과 흥미를 잃어가는 현상이 나타나고 있 다. 이처럼 코로나19로 인한 변화가 일상화되면서 인류의 역사는 코로나19 (BC, Before Corona), (AC, After Corona) 나뉠 것이라는 예측이 일기도 한다. 무엇보다 코로나19로 인 해 인류의 정치, 경제, 사회, 문화, 교육등 모든 영역이 대변화를 맞은 가운데 가장 큰 변화는 물리적 접촉이 최소화되면서 Untact문화가 확산됐다는 점이다.

문화유산은 조상들의 문화중에서 후손들에게 물려줄 만한 가치가 있는 것을 말한다.[1] 우리의 문화유산을 우리의 역사, 정체성, 그리고 자부심을 담고 있으며, 이를 통해 우리는 과거의 삶 과 지식, 그리고 경험을 재조명하고 이해할 수 있다. 우리의 문화유산을 보전하고 전파하는 것 은 매우 중요하다. 이를 위해 우리는 문화콘텐츠와 IT기술의 융합적인 미디어아트를 활용하여 이를 알리고자 한다. 이러한 미디어 아트는 국내외 관광객들에게 우리의 문화유산을 소개하는 데 더욱 효과적이다. 전남의 3대 별서정원은 이러한 문화유산 전파의 중요한 장소로서, 다양한 콘텐츠를 통해 우리의 문화유산을 소개하고 있다. 이를 다중디스플레이를 활용한 문화관광 콘 텐츠로 더욱 널리 알리고 우리문화의 보존과 계승에 크게 기여한다.

This study investigated student engagement by conceptualizing learning engagement and examining the inner mechanism that operates in the university English learning context. This study administered a questionnaire to 376 college students, and data analysis was conducted with SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0. The findings revealed that student engagement can be conceptualized into behavioral, cognitive, affective, and interactive engagement. The results confirmed that cognitive engagement positively affected behavioral engagement, whereas affective engagement did not. Affective engagement had positive effects on both cognitive engagement and interactive engagement. Interactive engagement positively affected cognitive engagement but did not affect behavioral engagement. Further, the results showed that cognitive engagement acted as a full mediator between affective engagement and behavioral engagement, as well as between interactional engagement and behavioral engagement. The findings of this study propose implications for optimizing English teaching to facilitate student engagement and ultimately enhancing their learning satisfaction along with improving academic outcomes.

미디어아트 제작방식중 하나인 미디어 파사드는 화려한 이미지와 색상, 영상표현 기법으로 관람객의 시각적 몰입을 강화하고 호응을 이끈다. 하지만 시각적 이미지 표현에만 집중하는 경우, 제작자가 의도한 메시지나 의미가 관람객에게 전달되기 어려울 수 있으며, 미디어파사드 의 기대효과도 낮아지는 한계점이 있다. 본 연구는 미디어파사드 콘텐츠인 <보물선을 깨우다, 아시아 해양실크로드> 제작 및 전시사례를 통해 전시구성, 서사구조, 시청각적 요소를 분석하 였으며, 이미지 재현과 스토리텔링을 연구하였다. 이를 통해 미디어파사드를 효과적으로 전시 하기 위해서는 선형적 이미지 제시가 아닌 서사구조의 시각이미지가 필요하며, 연속성과 반복 성이 수반되어야 한다는 점, 또 은유와 상징으로 스토리를 재구성하는 방식이 필요하다는 것 을 확인하였다. 향후 이러한 개발방향을 고려한 미디어파사드는 관람객에게 더욱 풍부한 문화 향유 기회를 제공하고 제작자가 의도한 메시지와 의미를 더욱 효과적으로 전달할 수 있을 것 이다.

이 논문은 직전 연구인 메타버스의 함정을 극복하기 위한 게임화된 동적 습관 형성 모델의 후 속 연구다. 2022년 12월 논문 연구에서는 사용자 참여를 방해할 수 있는 일반적인 함정을 극 복하기 위해 메타버스 공간을 설계하는 데 초점을 맞춘 게이미피케이션 동적 습관 형성 모델 을 제안하였다. 당시 제안했던 4단계 접근법을 통합한 역학 모델은 낮은 상호작용(P4)의 온보 딩 접근법, 기본 상호작용(P3) 온보딩 접근법, 중간 상호작용(P2)의 온보딩 접근법, 높은 상호 작용(P1) 온보딩 접근법의 네 단계로 구성되었으며, 간단한 모델의 개요를 설명한 바 있다. 본 고에서는 4단계의 세부 연구에 집중하였는데, P4-튜토리얼, 시즌 이벤트, 소셜 이벤트 및 모 임, P3-기본 아바타, 가상경제 및 아이템 획득/거래, 소셜경쟁과 리더보드, 도전과 경쟁, 커뮤 니티 강화, P2-아바타 개인화, 사용자 제작 콘텐츠. 보상 메커닉스 강화, 피드백 및 진행 상황 추적, P1-대화형 튜토리얼, 사회적 상호작용, 내러티브 중심 퀘스트, 스토리 기반 업적, 인터 렉티브 스토리 요소 등의 습관형성 증진 방안을 제시하였다. 각 단계는 게이미피케이션 및 게 임디자인 기법과 사용자 중심 디자인 원칙을 통합하여 사용자의 참여를 유도하고, 습관 형성 을 촉진하는 방향에서의 온보딩 접근법을 제시하고자 하였다. 이 논문에서는 게이미피케이션 및 게임디자인 이론과 실무를 바탕으로 각 단계에 대한 예시와 전략을 제공하여 메타버스에서 학습환경을 구현하는 데 도움을 줄 것이다. 다만, ‘게임’과 ‘메타버스’와의 개념과 용어에서의 명확한 구분이 어려운 상황이어서, 게이미피케이션 및 게임디자인 분야의 기초적인 이론과 온 보딩 방법론을 다룰 수 밖에 없었다.

코로나 사태 이후 공연예술계는 ‘초지능화’와 ‘초연결성’의 특징으로 대표되는 메타버스에 주목 하기 시작했다. 직접 만나서 소통할 수 없는 비대면적 상황은 현실세계와 가상공간을 연결해 주는 메타버스 플랫폼 전시 공연 활성화에 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. 코로나 사태가 끝난 이후에도 공연예술계는 다양하고 실험적인 온-오프라인 공연의 형태로 해당 기술을 활용한 다양한 프로 젝트 전시들을 선보이고 있다. 이처럼 실감 콘텐츠와 가상현실을 접목한 VR, XR 기술들은 빠 르게 실감 콘텐츠와 전시공연분야에 접목되며 실험적이고 다양한 공연과 전시를 선보이고 있 다. 메타버스 플랫폼을 활용한 전시와 공연들이 관객들이 어떠한 방식으로 다가가고 있는지 실감 콘텐츠 공연사례들을 분석하고, 가상현실이 일상화되고 있는 요즘, 전시와 공연 예술 분 야의 변화의 방향을 살펴본다.

In this study, we investigated the suppression of the corrosion of cast iron in a copper–cast iron double-layered canister under local corrosion of the copper layer. The cold spray coating technique was used to insert metals with lower galvanic activity than that of copper, such as silver, nickel, and titanium, between the copper and cast iron layers. Electrochemically accelerated corrosion tests were performed on the galvanic specimens in KURT groundwater at a voltage of 1.0 V for a week. The results revealed that copper corrosion was evident in all galvanic specimens of Cu–Ag, Cu–Ni, and Cu–Ti. By contrast, the copper was barely corroded in the Cu–Fe specimens. Therefore, it was concluded that if an inactive galvanic metal is applied to the areas where local corrosion is concerned, such as welding parts, the disposal canister can overcome local or non-uniform corrosion of the copper canister for long periods.

본 연구는 민간시장의 절화 유통 현황을 조사하여 국내 절 화 시장 유통 및 판매의 기초 자료로 제공하고자 수행하였다. 조사 기간은 2022년 5월부터 10월까지이며, 민간시장 내 판 매 점포 수, 취급 품목, 수입국 및 품목 등을 비교 및 분석하 였다. 민간시장은 서울 서초구 반포동에 위치한 강남터미널 꽃시장을 대상으로 판매 품목 및 수입 국가 등을 조사하였고, 비교 대상인 공영시장의 경우 한국농수산식품유통공사 화훼 유통정보에서 제공되는 양재동 화훼공판장 거래 품목을 조사 하였다. 조사 결과, 민간시장의 월별 절화 판매 점포 수는 평 균 143개였다. 민간시장에서는 5월을 제외하고 장미 판매 매 장이 가장 많았다. 5월에는 카네이션 판매 매장이 가장 많았 으며 장미, 리시안셔스, 거베라가 그 뒤를 이었다. 민간시장 점포 내 수입 품목의 원산지는 호주, 중국, 콜롬비아, 이스라 엘, 이탈리아, 일본, 네덜란드, 페루, 남아프리카 공화국, 미 국, 베트남 등으로 조사되었다. 취급 품목은 민간시장이 69개 로 공영시장 18개에 비해 약 3.8배 많았으며, 이는 민간시장에서 수입 절화가 더 많이 유통되고 있음을 시사한다. 민간시 장은 공영시장과 달리 유통 정보를 알 수 있는 시스템이 없어 소비자들이 제품의 원산지, 품질, 가격 등을 파악하기 어렵다. 따라서, 민간시장의 절화 유통 정보를 소비자들에게 정확히 제공할 필요가 있으며, 이를 통한 투명한 거래 제공 및 소비자 의 신뢰도를 높이는 것이 중요하다.

The bentonite buffer material is a crucial component in an engineered barrier system used for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Because a large amount of heat from the disposal canister is released into the bentonite buffer material, the thermal conductivity of the bentonite buffer is a crucial parameter that determines the design temperature. At the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), a new standard bentonite (Bentonil-WRK) has been used since 2022 because Gyeongju (KJ) bentonite is no longer produced. However, the currently available data are insufficient, making it essential to investigate both the basic and complex properties of Bentonil-WRK. Thus, this study evaluated its geotechnical and thermal properties and developed a thermal conductivity empirical model that considers its dry density, water content, and temperature variations from room temperature to 90°C. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the model was found to be 0.986. The thermal conductivity values of Bentonil-WRK were 1–10% lower than those of KJ bentonite and 10–40% higher than those of MX-80 bentonites, which were attributable to mineral-composition differences. The thermal conductivity of Bentonil-WRK ranged between 0.504 and 1.149 W·(m−1·K−1), while the specific heat capacity varied from 0.826 to 1.138 (kJ·(kg−1·K−1)).

Since rice is the main food in Korea, there are no regulations on corn milling yet. Corn is known as one of the world's top three food crops along with wheat and rice, and it is known that 3.5 billion people worldwide use corn for food. In addition, corn mills are not developed or sold in Korea, but the use of corn mills is increasing significantly in many countries in Southeast Asia. In the Philippines, as Korea's rice mill import increases, Korea's KAMICO (Korea Agricultural Machinery Industry Cooperative) and domestic company A agreed to develop a corn mill jointly with PHilMech, an organization affiliated with the Philippine Ministry of Agriculture. However, research on corn milling was very insignificant, so the development was carried out based on the technology of Korea's rice mill. Rice milling is performed by peeling off the skin of rice and producing brown or white rice, so it is carried out by removing the skin and cutting the skin. On the other hand, in the corn mill, the skin of the corn is peeled, pulverized and selected to produce main products suitable for edible use. Therefore, in order to develop a corn mill, processes such as peeling, transfer, grinding, sorting, and by-product separation are required, and suitable parts must be developed. In addition, the performance must be gradually improved through experiments in which corn is repeatedly milled. The Philippines produces 7.98 million tons/year of corn, which is about 100 times that of Korea, and is mostly consumed as a staple food. This is about 10% of the total crop production in the Philippines. In addition, the main cultivation complexes of corn are the mountainous regions of Tarlac or Pangasinan, and the produced corn is 72.4% of the so-called yellow corn called Arabel and Sarangani, and the remaining 27.6% are known as white corn. In this study, it was intended to produce grains of 2.5 mm or less suitable for food for yellow corn and to develop a corn mill for 200 kg per hour. Detailed conditions for development are stipulated as more than 55% of the main product recovery rate, more than 31% of the by-product recovery rate, less than 5% of the raw material loss rate, and more than 80% of the embryo dislocation rate. In this study, to achieve this, the overall process of the corn mill was developed, and the optimal conditions for the corn mill were obtained through the development of parts and empirical tests to improve performance. In addition, it was intended to achieve the development goal by evaluating and analyzing the performance of each part so that it did not conflict.

The purpose of this study was to develop the Functional golf inner-wear by preventing the injuries and enhancing the performance of the Golf swing by checking the influence of the wearing of the functional golf inner-wear considering golf characteristics on the Swing trajectory and Shot distance. Functional inner-wear effective for golf swing was manufactured using the sports taping method. Changes in driver and iron swing before and after wearing the functional golf inner-wear manufactured in this way were measured using trackman equipment. Measurement variables were limited to Club Speed, Attack Angle, Club Path, Ball Speed, Smash Factor, and Priority. Before and after wearing functional golf inner-wear, there were statistically significant differences in driver club speed, iron club speed, driver etch angle, iron club pass, driver ball speed, driver smash factor, iron smash factor, driver carry, iron carry, and right shoulder joint proprioceptive sensory ability. As a result, functional golf inner-wear is effective for ball speed, impact, and carry by increasing club speed and efficient swing. Future research will focus on the development of functional golf that can improve the swing ability in a short game that plays an important role in the golf game through various sports taping grafting technique, textile, special material, film, Research on functional golf inner-wear.

The Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) will provide all-sky spectral survey data covering optical to mid-infrared wavelengths with a spatial resolution of 6.′′2, which can be widely used to study galaxy formation and evolution. We investigate the galaxy-galaxy blending in SPHEREx datasets using the mock galaxy catalogs generated from cosmological simulations and observational data. Only ∼0.7% of the galaxies will be blended with other galaxies in all-sky survey data with a limiting magnitude of 19 AB mag. However, the fraction of blended galaxies dramatically increases to ∼7–9% in the deep survey area around the ecliptic poles, where the depth reaches ∼22 AB mag. We examine the impact of the blending in the number count and luminosity function analyses using the SPHEREx data. We find that the number count can be overestimated by up to 10–20% in the deep regions due to the flux boosting, suggesting that the impact of galaxy-galaxy blending on the number count is moderate. However, galaxy-galaxy blending can marginally change the luminosity function by up to 50% over a wide range of redshifts. As we only employ the magnitude limit at Ks-band for the source detection, the blending fractions determined in this study should be regarded as lower limits.

A force-free field (FFF) is determined solely by the normal components of magnetic field and current density on the entire boundary of the domain. Methods employing three components of magnetic field suffer from overspecification of boundary conditions and/or a nonzero divergence-B problem. A vector potential formulation eliminates the latter issue, but introduces difficulties in imposing the normal component of current density at the boundary. This paper proposes four different boundary treatment methods within the vector potential formulation. We conduct a comparative analysis of the vector potential FFF solvers that we have developed incorporating these methods against other FFF codes in different magnetic field representations. Although the vector potential solvers with the new boundary treatments do not outperform our poloidal-toroidal formulation code, they demonstrate comparable or superior performance compared to the optimization code in SolarSoftWare. The methods developed here are expected to be readily applied not only to force-free field computations but also to time-dependent data-driven simulations.

Background: The Nordic hamstring exercise is effective as a representative exercise for strengthening eccentric contraction that can activate the hamstring at high levels, improve eccentric contraction strength and ability, and significantly reduce injury rates. Objectives: To investigated a comparison with the lunge exercise to determine the effect of the Nordic hamstring exercise on muscle activity and balance ability in a sample of adult amateurs and football players. Design: Randomized controlled trials. Methods: The subjects of the study were stratified samples of 28 professional and amateur football players and two groups (Nordic hamstring group and lunge group) of 14 people each were studied. Surface electromyography using, was performed to measure the hamstring muscle activity, and the good morning exercise was selected as the measurement exercise. For balance ability, the surface area ellipse and length were measured with BioRescue, while for static balance, the posture of closing the eyes and single-limb standing was measured, and for dynamic balance the one-legged squat was measured. Results: The %MVIC of the semitendinosus and the biceps femoris improved in the Nordic hamstring exercise group and showed statistically significant increase (P<.05). The static and dynamic balance improved in the Nordic hamstring exercise group and showed statistically significant decrease (P<.05). Conclusion: The Nordic hamstring exercise can be useful as an exercise to improve the hamstring muscle activity and balance ability of professional and amateur football players.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the formative characteristics of women’s costumes among the Regency era’s elite in the television drama Bridgerton (2020). Its methodology investigates the socio-cultural background and literature on clothing in the Regency era. It also analyzes the formative elements of Daphne’s costumes (of the Bridgerton family) and Penelope’s costumes (of the Featherington family) representing the upper class. The study reveals that women’s costumes had a tubular silhouette consisting of a low neckline, high waistline, and short puffed sleeves. The series expressed well the Regency-era costumes, which were influenced by Neoclassicism and characterized by silk materials, shawls, gloves, belts, a reticule, and hairstyles. Among the formative elements, the Bridgerton and Featherington families’ costumes showed distinct differences in color, materials, patterns, accessories, and hairstyles. Daphne’s costumes were intelligent and elegant in pastel-toned blues and had small patterns. She carried small accessories and had a natural curled hairstyle. In contrast, Penelope wore decorative and splendid styles in intense colors and large patterns. Her accessories were large and colorful, and she had a strong curled hairstyle. These costumes express the Bridgerton family as aristocratic and the Petringer family as flashy, thereby distinguishing the two families. These research results will be presented as basic data for producing drama costumes in the 19th century to help complete the drama.