This study is to generate SCARs markers for identification of Perilla species. A SCAR is a genomic DNA fragment at a single genetically defined locus that is identified by PCR amplification using a pair of specific oligonucleotide primers. We derived SCARs by sequencing and cloning the both ends of the amplified products of RAPD markers. Sixteen sequence-specific primers were synthesized from eight RAPD markers, which were completely sequenced. We developed the species-specific SCAR markers which could be used successfully in detecting genetic variation in four Perilla species. These markers could be used to verify species-origins of various forms of Perilla germplasms.

Fermented soybean food is one of most economical and health food due to its valuable nutritional and medicinal attributes and have been consumed for centuries as flavoring ingredient in Korea. On fermented soybean food such as doenjang, aroma compounds are important property because they determine taste and grade of fermentation. This study investigated variety of aroma compounds of doenjang made from different soybean genotypes. Aroma compounds in twelve different doenjang made from two cultivar (Daewon and Taekwang) and ten elite lines were extracted by steam distillation extraction (SDE) method and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Aroma compound were detected over 80 kinds in eight samples (Daewon, Taekwang, MY177, MY187, MY189, MY192, MY204 and MY205) and under 70 kinds in four samples (yeonchun1, MY188, MY203 and MY206). Among the detected aroma components, 47 compounds were assigned as aromatic compounds (21), long chain fatty acid (13), short chain fatty acid (5) and others (8) by the computer library (Wiley 7n program). The major aroma compounds in twelve different doenjang were benzaldehyde, benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, pyrazine type compounds, cysteaminesulfonic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. Each doenjang made by same condition (microbe, temperature, aging time and etc) had a difference in ratio and variety of aroma compounds due to different components having soybean genotype.

The purpose of this study was to determine the free amino acid contents, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in raw Sesamum indicum seeds (cv. Kopum and cv. Mihuk) and their sprouts germinated for 7 days. Total free amino acid contents of sprouts (29.34±3.3 mg/g DW) were significantly higher than that of raw seeds (6.85±0.39 mg/g DW). All individual free amino acid, including asparagine, alanin, arginine, and leicine were significantly increased in the sesame sprout. And also germinated sprout significantly increased the total phenolic contents (2.2±0.3 mg GAE/g) that resulted in the increased DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging capacity. Subsequently, two varieties of sesame and its sprouts were analyzed for their phenolic constituents using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Catechin, sinapic acid and salicylic acid were identified as the major phenolic acid presented in sesame sprout. However, the major biological constituents sesamin and sesamolin content were significantly decreased during germination.

The perilla [Perilla frutescens (L.)], which belongs to the family Lamiaceae, have been used as a not only important traditional source of oil but also used traditional herbal medicine for treating various disease including depression, anxiety, tumor, cough, bacterial and fungal infections, allergy, detoxication and some intestinal disorders in east asian countries. In this context, luteolin isolated from the P. frutescens inhibited the linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type 1) with an IC50 of 5.0 μM. To investigate the inhibitory effect of luteolin on dioxygenase enzyme, we assayed soybean lipoxygenase-1 activity with the inhibitor. Soybean lipoxygenase-1 showed time-dependent inhibition in the presence of luteolin. Increasing luteolin concentrations led to the decrease in both the initial velocity (vi) and the steady-state rate (vs) in the progress curve. Thus luteolin showed a simple reversible noncompetitive slow-binding inhibition against soybean lipoxygenase-1 with kinetic parameter (k3 = 0.056 μM-1min-1, k4,= 0.006 μM-1min-1, Ki app = 0.106 μM).

A total of 162 accessions of Perilla germplasm collected from diverse habitats in South Korea. The oil content of the seeds varied from 19.8 to 49.6%, the average being 33.3%. Oil content showed wide ranges of variation. The fatty acid composition of the seed oil showed the following overall ranges: palmitic 4.5 to 8.1%, stearic 1.6 to 7.4%, oleic 13.4 to 23.6%, linoleic 9.5 to 19.5%, and linolenic acid 48.6 to 66.4%. No correlation was found between oil content and fatty acid composition. The results obtained in this study provide useful background information for developing new cultivars with a high oil content and different fatty acid. Several accessions could be used as parental lines in breeding programs aiming to increase perilla oil quantity and quality.

This study was carried out to investigate the variation of triterpene soyasapogenol A and B in soybean cultivars. Soyasapogenol A and B were isolated from acid hydrolysis of 80% aqueous ethanol extract of soybean and the structures of these soyasapogenols were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR analysis. And the distribution of soyasapogenol A and B were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with variable wavelength detector (VWD). The soyasapogenol A and B contents of soybean cultivars ranged form 49.9 ㎍/g (Geomjeongsaeol) to 701.5㎍/g (Sorog) and from 91.4㎍/g (Danmi) to 2,315.9 ㎍/g (Daewonkong), respectively. Sorog cultivar showed the highest total soyasapogenol contents (2,773.8 ㎍/g), whereas Geomjeongkong 3 cultivar displayed the lowest (83.5㎍/g). The average content ratio of soyasapogenol B (1,061.4㎍/g) was significantly higher than that of soyasapogenol A (292.5 ㎍/g).

Anthocyanins of black soybean may play an important role in physiological functions related to human health such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the profiles of anthocyanin in fourteen black soybean varieties using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array detector (PAD). In all of the cultivars analyzed totally nine anthocyanins including, CatCy3glc, Dp3gal, Dp3glc, Cy3gal, Cy3glc, Pt3glc, Pg3glc, Pn3glc, and Cy were found. Cy3glc was the major anthocyanin content, represention 69.5% of anthocyanin, followed by Dp3glc (23.0%), Pt3glc (4.9%), Pn3glc (1.2%), and Pg3glc(1.1%), respectively. In contrast, the other five anthocyanins were in very low amounts, below 0.3 % in all varieties. Comparing cultivars and anthocyanin compositions, Geomjeong 2, Cheongja 2, and Cheongja 3 were found to content 9 anthocyanins. Geomjeong 1 and Seonheuk contented CatCy3glc, Cy3gal, Cy3glc, and Pn3glc. The variation of total anthocyanin concentration were significant for soybean cultivars. Geomjeong 2 showed highest average total anthocyanin content (17,937.8 ㎍/g seed coat), and Tawonkong and Heugcheong had the lowest total anthocyanin values (2,835.7 and 2,853.1 ㎍/g seed coat, respectively).