Korea signed to the international union for the protection of new varieties of plants (UPOV) 2002, it has been increased that the importance of the rights protection for breeder. National institute of horticultural & herbal science (NIHHS) has been bred using crossing and tissue culture since 1992 and released nineteen new Phalaenopsis varieties from 2002 to 2011. This study was conducted to develop DNA markers for discrimination of the Phalaenopsis varieties bred in NIHHS, Korea. Also the genetic relationships among 14 Phalaenopsis varieties were analyzed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Fifty five polymorphic bands (4.6 per primer) were generated by polymerase chain reaction with selected 12 primers among 111 primers. The dendrogram was constructed by using the UPGMA clustering algorithm based on genetic similarity. The Similarity values among the breeding Phalaenopsis cultivars ranged from 0.593 to 0.945. Fourteen Phalaenopsis cultivars were classified into three major groups at similarity coefficient value of 0.66. Understanding of the genetic diversity could be useful in Phalaenopsis breeding program. We could discriminate these breeding varieties using SSR 20 and SSR 21. These molecular markers could be utilized as a reliable tool for variety discrimination with morphological characterization in breeding Phalaenopsis.

　A new spray chrysanthemum cultivar, ‘olden Festival’was released by National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea in 2007. It was selected from the progenies of open-pollination of ‘orbay’in 2002. Trials were conducted from 2005 to 2007 for evaluation and selection of this cultivar, including shading culture in summer and retarding culture in autumn. The natural flowering time of ‘olden Festival’is late October, but year-round flowering is possible by shading and lighting treatment. The cultivar is semi-double type flowers with bright yellow petals and green flower center. Flower neck and stem are very hardy. The diameter of flower is 56.5 mm. The number of flowers per stem and petals per flower are 12.0 and 93.5, respectively. The days to flowering under the short day treatment is about 50 in spring season.

A new spray chrysanthemum cultivar, ‘herry Blossom’was released by National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea in 2007. A cross was made in 2002 between ‘elance’ a spray cultivar with red petals and resistant to white rust and ‘eonja’ a spray cultivar with pink petals. Trials were conducted from 2005 to 2007 for the evaluation and selection of this cultivar, including shading culture in summer and retarding culture in autumn. The natural flowering time of “herry Blossom”is late October, but year-round flowering is possible by shading and lighting treatment. This cultivar is single type flowers with dark pink petals and green flower center and resistant to white rust. It is very stable color of petals when the variety is cultivated under high temperature conditions in summer season. The diameter of flower is 55.0 mm. The number of flowers per stem is 10.5 and the number of petals per flower is 24.0. The days to flowering under the short day treatment is about 45 in spring season.

A new spray chrysanthemum cultivar, ‘oon Festival’was released by National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea in 2007. A cross was made in 2002 between ‘1B1-559’ a breeding line of NHRI and ‘aeksokuk’ a spray cultivar with white petals. Trials were conducted from 2005 to 2007 for evaluation and selection of this cultivar, including shading culture in summer and retarding culture in autumn. The natural flowering time of “oon Festival”is late October, but year-round flowering is possible by shading and lighting treatment. The cultivar is semidouble type flowers with light-ivory white petals and green flower center. Flower neck and stem are very hardy. The diameter of flower is 67.5 mm. The number of flowers per stem and petals per flower is 11.5 and 100.5, respectively. The days to flowering under the short day is about 54 in autumn season.