디지털 미디어의 급속한 진화는 광고 콘텐츠 분야에서 혁신적이고 매력적인 시각적 콘텐츠의 필요성을 강조하면서 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구는 기술 발전과 창의적인 광고 요구 사 이의 격차를 해소하는 것을 목표로 짧은 이미지 광고를 만드는 데 있어서 생성적 인공 지능 (AI)의 잠재력을 탐구하고자 하였다. 현대 미디어 환경에서 광고 콘텐츠의 형태와 소비 방식이 급변하고 있으며 특히 소셜 미디어와 디지털 플랫폼에서 짧은 형태의 비디오 및 이미지 콘텐 츠의 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 변화 속에서, 본 연구는 AI 기술을 활용하여 효과적인 애드버콘텐츠 이미지를 생성하는 새로운 방법론을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구는 먼저 생성형 AI 의 기본 이론과 광고 콘텐츠 제작에 있어 주요 요소들을 검토하고 이를 바탕으로, 인공지능을 활용하여 생성된 이미지 콘텐츠를 제안한다. 이 논문은 광고 콘텐츠 제작에 있어 생성형 AI의 가능성을 탐색하고 미디어 콘텐츠 제작의 미래 방향 및 광고 산업에 중요한 시사점을 제공한 다는 점에서 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

본 연구는 국내육성 수국 ‘Morning Star’와 ‘Pink Ari’에 있어서 삽목배지 및 삽목시기가 발근에 미치는 영향을 조사하 기 위해 수행하였다. 삽목배지 실험에서 코코피트, 펄라이트, 피트모스 단용과 코코피트+코코칩을 혼용 처리하였으며, 7월 15일에 ‘Morning Star’의 정아에서 삽수를 채취하여 삽목하 였다. 삽목시기 실험은 4월, 6월, 8월에 정아를 채취하여 삽 목하였다. 삽목배지로써 코코피트와 코코칩의 혼용 배지는 발 근에 가장 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 다른 배지들은 발근율과 뿌리길이에서 통계적인 차이가 없었으나, 펄라이트와 피트모 스보다 코코피트에서 뿌리수가 더 많았다. 따라서 국내육성 수국 ‘Morning Star’의 삽목은 코코피트를 배지로 사용하는 것이 발근에 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 삽목시기에 관 한 실험에서, ‘Morning Star’의 발근율은 삽목시기와 상관없 이 83~90%로 통계적인 유의성이 없었으나, 뿌리수와 생체 중은 4월과 8월보다 6월에 삽목했을 때, 가장 증가하였다. 그 리고, 신초의 길이, 엽수 등의 줄기의 생육도 6월에 삽목한 처 리에서 가장 좋았다. ‘Pink Ari’의 삽목시기 실험에서 발근율 은 4월 삽목보다 6월과 8월 삽목 처리에서 높았고, 뿌리수와 뿌리 생체중은 6월 삽목처리에서 각각 61.4개와 0.31g으로 가장 양호하였다. 또한 엽수와 신초의 길이 등 지상부 생육도 전반적으로 4월과 8월 삽목보다 6월 삽목처리에서 가장 좋았 다. 따라서, 국내육성 수국 ‘Morning Star’와 ‘Pink Ari’는 4 월과 8월보다 6월에 삽목하는 것이 발근과 지상부 생육에 효 과적인 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구는 장미 ‘Natal Briar’와 ‘Deep Purple’의 기내 대 량증식의 조건을 알아보고자 마디배양시에 신초의 형성과 생 육에 미치는 NAA와 cytokinin류의 처리 효과를 조사하였다. ‘Natal Briar’는 2.0과 5.0mg·L-1 BA의 고농도 처리는 신초 형성을 억제하였으며, 0.5mg·L-1 처리에서 신초수 3.7개, 복 엽수 7.1개, 엽수 24.6개로 다른 처리들보다 가장 많았다. Kinetin은 0.5mg·L-1의 저농도 처리보다 2.0과 5.0mg·L-1 의 고농도 처리에서 신초가 더 많이 형성되었다. TDZ는 BA 와 kinetin보다 전반적으로 신초의 수와 길이, 복엽수, 엽수 등에서 부정적으로 작용했으며, 특히 2.0과 5.0mg·L-1의 고 농도 처리에서 기형적인 잎들이 형성되었다. 그리고, NAA는 처리농도가 높아질수록 callus가 형성되었으며, 신초형성은 억제하였다. ‘Deep Purple’은 ‘Natal Briar’의 결과와 유사 하게 나타났는데, kinetin과 BA 처리가 TDZ 처리보다 신초 의 형성이 양호하였으며, 다른 처리들보다 0.5mg·L-1 BA 처 리에서 신초수, 복엽수와 엽수가 가장 많아 신초의 형성과 생 육에 가장 효과적이었다. 그리고, NAA 단용과 0.5mg·L-1 BA 와 혼용처리에서도 NAA의 농도가 높아질수록 대조구보다 신 초형성이 억제되었으며, 2.0과 5.0mg·L-1 NAA 처리에서 callus가 형성되었다. BA 0.5mg·L-1의 농도에서 형성된 ‘Natal Briar’와 ‘Deep Purple’의 신초는 1/2 MS 배지에서 발근되었다. 따라서 장미 ‘Natal Briar’와 ‘Deep Purple’는 마디배양시 0.5mg·L-1 BA가 첨가된 MS 배지에서 배양을 하 는 것이 신초 형성과 생육에 가장 효과적이었다.

이 연구는 생성형 AI(Generative AI) 기술을 활용하여 기본 시각디자인 분야에서의 새로운 접근 방법과 가능 성을 탐색한다. Generative AI는 데이터 기반 학습을 통해 창의적인 디자인을 생성하는 인공지능 기술로, 시 각디자인에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 본 연구는 Generative AI가 시각디자인의 기본 요소와 원리에 어떻게 적용되며, 디자인 프로세스를 어떻게 혁신할 수 있는지를 분석한다. 먼저, Generative AI가 색채, 형태, 구성과 같은 디자인의 기본 요소를 어떻게 해석하고 재창조하는지에 대해 연구한다. 이를 통해 AI가 디자인의 창의 성과 예술성을 어떻게 향상시킬 수 있는지를 탐구한다. 또한, AI가 디자인 결정 과정에서 어떻게 인간 디자 이너를 보조할 수 있는지에 대해서도 연구한다. 이 연구는 Generative AI를 실험하고, 이를 통해 얻은 시각디 자인 결과를 통해, AI가 시각디자인의 전통적인 접근 방식에 어떤 새로운 시각과 해석을 제공하는지를 조사 한다. AI 기술의 발전이 디자인의 미래와 디자이너의 역할에 어떤 변화를 가져올지에 대한 통찰과 디자인 분 야의 전문가뿐만 아니라, AI 기술에 관심 있는 학자들에게도 중요한 시사점을 제공한다는 점에서 의의를 찾 을 수 있다.

This study explores the perceptions of Chinese engineering-major students towards their English learning experience after taking a mandatory English composition course in an EMI college. The investigation centers on first-year students’ perceptions of transitioning to EMI, with a focus on how the composition course has assisted students’ transition as a primary language support. Data were collected through a metaphor elicitation technique in which students expressed their perceptions of English learning, complemented by a thematic analysis of 86 reflection essays on the composition class. An analysis of the 334 metaphors identified students’ enhanced confidence in English, the importance of the English-using environment, positive views of learning communities, and increased agency in the learning process. It also revealed that many students were stressed and unaware of learning strategies, therefore suggesting institutional-level language support. One implication is to promote the culture of the learning community. The findings can be particularly useful for programs that are implementing language support for non-English major students.

For safe disposal of radioactive wastes, accurate analysis of nuclear isotopes is important. It is known that there are 14 nuclides that have to identify nuclide-specific concentration levels. 63Ni, one of non-volatile nuclear isotopes which is included in those 14 nuclides, has to follow chemical separation for exact analysis. As various analysis methods were developed, various methods for analyzing 63Ni also emerged. Past method has used measurement specimens of 59Ni, after 59Ni measurement has been done. It used HClO4, known as strong oxidizing agent, to dissolve DMG, an organic substance used to form 59Ni precipitates. Nowadays, we analyze 59Ni and 63Ni simultaneously, which enables short analysis time, without use of HClO4. But high accuracy is just as important as short measurement time and efficiency. So, this paper compare 63Ni specific activity value used new method with the value, past method used, using real sample’s data. As a result, all sample data from new method’s relative 63Ni specific activity is within the uncertainty range of past ones based on past specific activity value. Consistency of new method’s result and past method’s data increased the reliability of the data and accuracy of those methods.

Concrete is the primary building material for nuclear facilities, making it one of the most common forms of radioactive waste generated when decommissioning a nuclear facility. Of the total waste generated at the Connecticut Yankee and Maine Yankee nuclear power plants in the United States, concrete waste accounts for 83.5% of the total for Connecticut Yankee and 52% for Maine Yankee. In order to dispose of the low- to medium-level radioactive concrete waste generated during the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, it is necessary to analyze the radioactivity concentration of gamma nuclides such as Co-58, Co-60, Cs-137, and Ce-144. Gamma-ray spectroscopy is commonly used method to measure the radioactivity concentration of gamma nuclides in the radioactive waste; however, due to the nature of gamma detectors, gamma rays from sequentially decaying nuclides such as Co-60 or Y-88 are subject to True Coincidence Summing (TCS). TCS reduces the Full Energy Peak Efficiency (FEPE) of specific gamma ray and it can cause underestimation of radioactivity concentration. Therefor the TCS effect must be compensated for in order to accurately assess the radioactivity of the sample. In addition, samples with high density and large volume will experience a certain level of self-shielding effect of gamma rays, so this must also be compensated for. The Radioactive Waste Chemical Analysis Center at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute performs nuclide analysis for the final disposal of low- and intermediate-level concrete waste. Since a large number of samples must be analyzed within the facility, the analytical method must simultaneously satisfy accuracy and speed. In this study, we report on the results of evaluating the accuracy of the radioactivity concentration correction by applying an efficiency transfer method that appears to satisfy these requirements to concrete standard reference material.

The domestic Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PWHR) nuclear power plant, Wolsong Unit 1, was permanently shut down on December 24, 2019. However, research on decommissioning has mainly focused on Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs), with a notable absence of both domestic and international experience in the decommissioning of PHWRs. If proper business management such as radiation safety and waste is not performed, it can lead to increased business risks and costs in decommissioning. Therefore, the assessment of waste volume and cost, which provide fundamental data for the nuclear decommissioning process, is a crucial technical requirement before initiating the actual decommissioning of Wolsong Unit 1. Decommissioning radiation-contaminated structures and facilities presents significant challenges due to high radiation levels, making it difficult for workers to access these areas. Therefore, technology development should precede decommissioning process assessments and safety evaluations, facilitating the derivation of optimal decommissioning procedures and ensuring worker safety while enhancing the efficiency of decommissioning operations. In this study, we have developed a program to estimate decommissioning waste amounts for PHWRs, building upon prior research on PWR decommissioning projects while accounting for the specific design characteristics of PHWRs. To evaluate the amount of radioactive waste generated during decommissioning, we considered the characteristics of radioactive waste, disposal methods, packaging container specifications, and the criteria for the transfer of radioactive waste to disposal operators. Based on the derived algorithm, we conducted a detailed design and implemented the program. The proposed program is based on 3D modeling of the decommissioning components and the calculation of the Work Difficulty Factor (WDF), which is used to determine the time weighting factors for each task. Program users can select the cutting and packaging conditions for decommissioning components, estimate waste amount based on the chosen decommissioning method, and calculate costs using time weighting factors. It can be applied not only to PHWRs, but also to PWRs and non-nuclear fields, providing a flexible tool for optimizing decommissioning process.

Small modular reactors (SMRs) are getting attention as an alternative to fossil fuel power stations due to versatile application and carbon dioxide reduction. Although various types of advanced reactors are being developed, water-cooled SMR will be first deployed on a commercial scale. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and regulatory bodies are trying to identify safeguards issues of water-cooled SMRs as the first priority. IAEA begins to develop a safeguards plan by asking for the facility’s specification in a given format, a design information questionnaire (DIQ). Then, IAEA periodically performs safeguards activities such as design information verification (DIV) and physical inventory verification (PIV). In this sense, we utilize research and power reactor DIQ for water-cooled SMRs (NuScale, SMART, i-SMR and KLT-40S). Most of the questions are answered with open information. For undisclosed answers, pressurized water reactor (PWR) features are described. Safeguards issues in water-cooled SMR originate from core modularization. As the nuclear material flows are diversified, the number of safeguards measure will be increased while staff are reduced in SMRs. Instrumentation for safeguards should be developed to reduce worker’s fatigue level. Intensive arrangement of fuel assemblies may also need unique devices to secure their visibility or detectability. A transparent floor with a surveillance system or advanced Cherenkov viewing device may be adopted to enhance containment and surveillance. Meanwhile, some questions could be more elaborate regarding safeguards. First, question #38 cannot confirm the time of occurrence of weapon-grade plutonium for reactor operation. Second, the answers in questions #46 and #49 are primitive to identify a place to generate an undeclared fissile material. Therefore, the current DIQ should be revised to get a detailed burnup report and spatial distribution of neutron flux.

The enzyme digestion of foods is known to have certain advantages, such as enhancing health improvement functions of functional foods. In this study, we investigated whether the memory enhancement effects of HongJam could be enhanced by enzymatic digestions. We found that enzyme digested HJ had more enhanced functionality than undigested HJ. We also found the molecular basis of memory enhancement by performing various biochemical and molecular biological experiments. (Grant No. PJ016908032023)

Image mosaicking is one of the basic and important technologies in the field of application using images. The key of image mosaicking is to extract seamlines from a joint image. The method proposed in this paper for image mosaicking is as follows. The feature points of the images to be joined are extracted and the joining form between the two images is identified. A reference position for detection the seamlines were selected according to the joint form, and an image pyramid was created for efficient image processing. The outlines of the image including buildings and roads are extracted from the overlapping area with low resolution, and the seamlines are determined by considering the components of the outlines. Based on this, the seamlines in the high-resolution image was re-searched and finally the seamline for image mosaicking was determined. In addition, in order to minimize color distortion of the image with the determined seamline, a method of improving the quality of the mosaic image by fine correction of the mosaic area was applied. It was confirmed that the quality of the seamline extraction results applying the method proposed was reasonable.

This paper proposes a novel approach to preserving and disseminating cultural heritage in the metaverse environment made possible by the advancement of digital technology. The metaverse integrates the real and virtual worlds, enabling experiences similar to real-world museums within the metaverse environment. This technology provides users with more immersive and interactive means to explore cultural heritage. This study addresses the methodology for extracting 3D models from public cultural heritage data sources and integrating these models using the Unity engine to develop a metaverse museum environment. Public data refers to data or information generated or managed by public agencies, encompassing various forms such as text, graphics, images, video, audio, and more. By utilizing 3D data provided by the Cultural Heritage Administration, this research aims to construct a metaverse museum, showcasing the process and outcomes. Through this, users can experience and learn about cultural heritage in more diverse and interesting ways. It is expected that the metaverse will increase the possibility of improving access to and preservation of cultural heritage. Future society requires the ability to understand the metaverse and create new content while communicating and interacting in that space.

Job-centered support for soldiers scheduled to be discharged or discharged is part of the military transition support policy and is a policy that supports them to return to society from the military and perform the role needed by the nation. In order to create a productive military service environment for young soldiers without career breaks, the Armed Forces Soldier Job Fair is held every year at KINTEX in Ilsan. This study proposed a Metaverse job fair for young soldiers of the MZ generation using the service design process and media prototype. During the research process, it was confirmed that young soldiers' interest in and need for employment is increasing, and the importance of employment support programs within the military is emerging, and the Armed Forces Soldier Job Fair Metaverse Hall utilizes the ZEPETO platform to solve consumer-centered problems. By producing a prototype, we proposed that soldiers who would like to participate in the job fair but find it difficult to do so due to unit conditions could participate through mobile devices without spatial or time constraints. As a result of the study, it is expected that job fairs using the Metaverse platform will contribute to increasing the possibility of productive military service for soldiers, improving the efficiency of military administrative work by utilizing digital technology, and spreading a positive image of military service.

This study examined the effects of user interactivity with VR in a digital retail setting on mental imagery and sensory brand app experience and its consequential impacts on perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, attitude toward using VR, and behavioral intent. Mental imagery is understood in relation to quantity, vividness, and valence. The user involvement with the device is employed as a moderator to fully understand the impact of VR in connection with consumer engagement. An IKEA VR application was utilized for this study. A convenient sample of college students was recruited from a large research university in the US. The findings of the study show that user interactivity impacts mental imagery, and it subsequently influences sensory brand app experience, perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, attitude toward using VR, and behavioral intent. Overall, this study provides meaningful and practical information to academicians and practitioners.

Recent consumer behavior research indicates many consumers overgeneralize the relationship between food energy (i.e., calories) and bodily energy (i.e., physical and cognitive performance). We extend this idea to sport consumers, conducting two experiments among sport fans that demonstrate the imperative role of framing. Our data indicate that rivalry games and vicarious losing both increase fans’ desire to consume high-calorie, nutrient-poor foods (that is, “unhealthy” food) when food is framed as a source of fuel. This effect derives from the overgeneralized belief that the function of food is to provide energy for the body. Conversely, vicarious winning instead results in fans displaying an increased preference for healthy and environmentally friendly foods. Thus, framing, rivalry, and the result of the focal game all play central roles in the healthiness of fans’ behavior. We unpack implications for marketing scholars and consumer managers.

Ganoderma applanatum is one of the most popular medicinal mushrooms due to the various biologically active components it produces. In order to study for the possibility of artificially cultivating G. applanatum, we investigated the growth status of G. applanatum mycelium using oak sawdust bottle(850 ml). It took approximately 17~27 days for G. applanatum cultivation and 15~16 days for G. lucidum cultivation with sawdust until the mycelial growth was complete. The weight of dried fruiting bodies showed that G. applanatum GBGA-01 weighed 16.0±7.4 g, and G. lucidum ASI 7125 weighed 7.9±2.7g. The thickness of the pileus was measured as 10.6±2.6 mm for G. applanatum GBGA-01, 16.3±8.7 mm for G. applanatum ASI 52823 and 8.6±3.5 mm for G. lucidum ASI 7125. The color of Ganoderma spp. showed that L degree was 55.5±1.1 for the contex of G. applanatum GBGA-01, 47.7±2.2 for the contex of G. applanatum ASI 52823 and 39.6±2.9 for the contex of G. lucidum ASI 7125.

The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) employs a methodology for evaluating the concentration of radionuclides, dividing them into volatile and non-volatile nuclides based on their characteristics, to ensure the permanent disposal of internally generated radioactive waste. Gamma spectroscopy enables the detection and radiation concentration determination of individual nuclides in samples containing multiple gamma-emitting nuclides. Due to the stochastic nature of radioactive decay, the generated radiation signal can interact with the detector faster than the detected signal processing time, causing dead time in the gamma spectroscopy process. Radioactive waste samples typically exhibit higher radiation levels than environmental samples, leading to long dead times during the measurement process, consequently reducing the accuracy of the analysis. Therefore, dead time must be considered when analyzing radioactive waste samples. During the measurement process, dead time may vary between a few seconds to several tens of thousands of seconds. More long dead time may also result in a temporal loss in the analysis stage, requiring more time than the actual measurement time. Long dead time samples undergo re-measurement after dilution to facilitate the analysis. As the prepared solution is also utilized in the nuclide separation processes, minimizing sample loss during dilution is crucial. Hence, predicting the possibility of dead time exceeding the target sample in advance and determining the corresponding dilution factor can prevent delays in the analysis process and the loss of samples due to dilution. In this study, to improve the issues related to gamma analysis, by using data generated during the analysis process, investigated methods to predict long dead time samples in advance and determining criteria for dilution factors. As a result of comparing the dead time data of 5% or long with the dose of the solution sample, it was concluded that analysis should be performed after dilution when it is about 0.4 μSv/h or high. However, some samples required dilution even at doses below 0.4 μSv/h. Also, re-measurement after dilution, the sample with a dead time of less than 32% was measured with less than 5% when diluted 10 times, and more than 32% required more than 10 times dilution. We suppose that with additional data collection for analyzing these samples in the future, if we can establish clearer criteria, we can predict long dead time samples in advance and solve the problem of analysis delay and sample loss.