To control western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), a significant pest of peppers, the control effects of eco-friendly agricultural materials were tested when treated alone and in combination. The control effects of yellow sticky roll traps installed on the stem, predatory natural enemy (Hypoaspis miles) inoculated on the stem, and plant extracts (50% custard apple seed oil + 10% cinnamon extract) sprayed on the foliage were 45.3%, 36.6%, and 50.2%, respectively, when treated individually. Meanwhile, when three eco-friendly agricultural materials were comprehensively applied, the control effect was maintained between 62.4% and 80.9% compared to untreated conditions during the pepper harvesting season. These methods can be utilized for the eco-friendly control of western flower thrips in pepper greenhouses.

The purpose of this study is to select various insect species for healing resources and develop a healing program in order to use insect as a healing agriculture. In this study, there are two kinds of breeding kit were developed, one for Gryllus bimaculatus and the other for Oxya chinensis sinuosa. Using these insect breeding kits, we conducted a survey of 60 children and the elderly. In the case of children, the results of the insect breeding satisfaction showed that 30.6% said that the sound of crickets was very good, and 11.1% said that it was good. In addition, the higher the child's awareness of insects, the higher the proportion of children who wanted to raise insects in the future. As a result of a survey of seniors, 45.2% do not like insects and 51.6% are not interested, meaning that most seniors are not very interested in insects. However, the emotions after breeding insects showed positive results, with 45.2% saying their personality became brighter, 48.4% reducing their anger, 48.4% relieving their irritation, 54.8% relieving loneliness, 58.1% feeling more responsible, and 51.6% developing intimacy.

갈색거저리 유충의 사료인 밀기울은 대부분 수입에 의존하고 있는데 일부 국가의 식량 수출 중단 조치 등에 따른 국제 곡물가격 상승으로 밀기울 가격은 인상되고, 식용곤충 판매가격이 하락하면서 생산비 절감을 위한 사료 개발이 요구되고 있다. 농업부산물 3종을 50% 이상 급이하게 되면 유충 생육이 저하되었기 때문에 본 연구는 적정한 배합비율을 선정하기 위해 첨가사료 20, 30% 함량으로 밀기울과 혼합하여 사료를 급이하였을 때 갈색거 저리 유충의 생육 특성과 영양성분 변화에 대해 밀기울만 제공한 대조구와 비교하였다. 부산물 A와 B, C를 각각 30% 함유한 처리구에서 갈색거저리 유충 무게는 대조구와 차이가 없음을 확인하였다. 먹이소화율은 부산물B를 20% 함유한 처리구가 80.5%로 대조구에 비해 높았고, 부산물C 30% 처리구에서 72.6%로 가장 낮았다. 갈색거저 리 유충의 생육일수 100일 기준으로 부산물B 30% 처리구에서 용화율이 76.1%로 대조구보다 1.6배 높았으며, 부산물A 20% 처리구는 29.2%로 용화율이 가장 낮았다. 갈색거저리 유충의 조단백질 함량은 부산물 C 30% 처리 구에서 대조구보다 10.3% 증가하여 아미노산 분석을 진행한 결과 sarcosine과 ornithine이 2.5배 이상 증가하였다. 이를 통해 부산물 B나 C를 30% 함유한 사료를 급이하였을 때 사육 원가를 절감하여 유충을 생산할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

In this study, Bacillus velesensis TJS119, isolated from freshwater, demonstrated growth inhibition against insect pathogenic fungi. The culture medium of the B. velezensis TJS119 strain underwent sequential fractionation with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. Notably, the n-butanol fraction exhibited significant antifungal activity against Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana. LC/MS analysis of antifungal peaks identified the production of various lipopeptides by B. velezensis TJS119, including two types of iturin A (C14, C15), four types of fengycin A (C14, C15, C16, C17), and two types of fengycin B (C16, C17). The antifungal efficacy of Iturin A and Fengycin against insect pathogenic fungi was further validated using the paper disc diffusion method. These findings underscore the potential of B. velezensis TJS119 as a promising candidate for future research and applications in the realm of agricultural biological controls against fungal diseases.

Honey bees are crucial pollinators for agricultural and natural ecosystems, but are experiencing heavy mortality in Korea due to a complex suite of factors. Extreme winter losses of honey bee colonies are a major threat to beekeeping but the combinations of factors underlying colony loss remain debatable. Finding solutions involves knowing the factors associated with high loss rates. To investigate whether loss rates are related to Varroa control and climate condition, we surveyed beekeepers in korea after wintering (2021–2022 to 2022–2023). The results show an average colony loss rate of 46%(2022) and 17%(2023), but over 40% colony loss before wintering at 2022. Beekeepers attempt to manage their honey bee colonies in ways that optimize colony health. Disentangling the impact of management from other variables affecting colony health is complicated by the diversity of practices used and difficulties handling typically complex and incomplete observational datasets. We propose a method to 1) Varroa mite population Control by several methods , and 2) Many nursing bee put in hive before wintering.

This study investigated ethopabate (EPB) residues in edible tissues of broiler chickens given in drinking water and established the withdrawal time (WT) of EPB in poultry tissues. Twenty-four healthy Ross broiler chickens were orally administered with EPB at the concentration of 3.8 mg/L for 14 days (EPB-1, n=24) and 15.2 mg/L for 7 days (EPB-2, n=24) through drinking water, respectively. After the drug treatment, tissue samples were collected from six broiler chickens at 0, 1, 3, and 5 days, respectively. EPB residue concentrations in poultry tissues were determined using LC-MS/MS. Correlation coefficient values ranged from 0.9980 to 0.9998, and the limits of detection and quantification (LOQ) were 0.03~0.09 and 0.1~0.3 μg/kg, respectively. Mean recoveries in muscle, liver, kidney and skin/fat tissues were 95.9~109.8, 108.7~115.3, 89.9~96.6 and 86.7~96.8%, respectively, and coefficient of variations were less than 17.11%. At the end of the drug-administration period (0 day), EPB was detected at levels under the LOQ in all tissues from both the EPB-1 and EPB-2 groups. According to the results of EPB residue in Ross broiler tissues, withdrawal periods of both EPB-1 and EPB-2 in poultry tissues were established to 0 day. In conclusion, the developed analytical method is suitable for the detection of EPB in poultry tissues, and the estimated WT of EPB in poultry tissues will contribute to ensuring the safety of Ross broiler chickens.

From 2020, Korean Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency has reset the withdrawal time (WT) for veterinary drugs typically used in livestock in preparation for the introduction of positive list system (PLS) program in 2024. This study was conducted to reset the MRL for amprolium (APL) in broiler chickens as a part of PLS program introduction. Forty-eight healthy Ross broiler chickens were orally administered with APL at the concentration of 60 mg/L (APL-1, n=24) for 14 days and 240 mg/L (APL-2, n=24) for 7 days through drinking water, respectively. After the drug treatment, tissue samples were collected from six broiler chickens at 0, 1, 3 and 5 days, respectively. Residual APL concentrations in poultry tissues were determined using LC-MS/MS. Correlation coefficient (0.99 >), the limits quantification (LOQ, 0.3~5.0 μg/kg), recoveries (81.5~112.4%), and coefficient of variations (<15.5%) were satisfied the validation criteria of Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. In APL-1, APL in all tissues except for kidney was detected less than LOQ at 3 days after drug treatment. In APL-2, APL in liver and kidney was detected more than LOQ at 5 days after treatment. According to the European Medicines Agency’s guideline on determination of withdrawal periods, withdrawal periods of APL-1 and APL-2 in poultry tissues were established to 3 and 2 days, respectively. In conclusion, the developed analytical method is sensitive and reliable for detecting APL in poultry tissues. The estimated WT of APL in poultry tissues is longer than the current WT recommendation of 2 days for APL in broiler chickens.