Small-sized heater is usually used to make the hot water in resting place, factory, household affairs and so on. One of methods to obtain hot water in short time is known as using instantaneous electric water heater. In this study, numerical analysis for small-sized hot water heater with straight double tube-type was tried to achieve the basic design data. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of thermal flow, for instance, such as pressure difference, outlet mean temperature and velocity, due to clearance. As the clearance is decreased, outlet mean temperature and pressure difference(Pmax.-Pmin.) are increased. Therefore appropriate relations between area of heat source and pressure difference should be set up. Further small-sized hot water heater in this study must be equipped with electric device capable of heating over 90℃.

IMO에서는 선박으로부터 온실가스 감축을 위해 선박의 에너지효율 증진에 관한 논의를 진행하고 있다. 현재, 선박으로부터 발생되는 폐열을 이용한 ORC 발전 시스템을 적용함으로써 선박으로부터 높은 에너지 변환 효율을 기대할 수 있다. 이 기술은 물보다 더 낮은 온도 범위에서 증발하는 프레온 또는 탄화수소 계통의 유기 매체를 작동 유체로 사용한다. 이를 통해 상대적으로 낮은 저온에서 증기 (기체)를 생성 및 동력을 발생시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 유기 랭킨 사이클인 ORC 발전 시스템에서 냉매와 폐열 사이 열·유동해석 (Analysis of Heat flow)을 3D 시뮬레이션 기법을 이용하여 구조물의 내·외부에 흐르는 유체가 온도 변화, 속도 변화, 압력 변화 및 질량 변화를 통해서 구조물에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 분석하고자 하며, 동 연구는 이 기법을 이용하여 ORC 발전 시스템에서 냉매와 선박 주기 관의 배기가스로부터 일어나는 열교환기의 열전달을 해석하였다.

Numerical analysis for flow and noise characteristics of sirocco fan design factors is conducted in this study. 4 cases of blade angle(α=24°~30°) and 5 cases of RPM(390~1170RPM) are calculated. Flow characteristics are compared for the number of blades. Outlet flow rate is tended to decrease as the number of blades increased. There is little difference in the flow characteristics for the angle of blade. The highest outlet flow rate is predicted at α=24°, and the lowest at α=28°. Flow and noise characteristics are compared for α=24° and 26°. Outlet flow rate is almost similar in both cases, but noise for α=24° is predicted higher at high RPM conditions.

In this study, gas flow pattern and temperature distribution in a laboratory scale low temperature furnace for carbonization were numerically analyzed. The furnace was designed for testing carbonization process of carbon fibers made from polyimide(PI) precursor. Nitrogen gas was used as a working gas and it was treated as an ideal gas. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis for steady state turbulent flow was used to analyze flow pattern and temperature field in the furnace. The results showed that more uniform velocity profile and axisymmetric temperature distribution could be obtained by varying mass flow rate at the inlets.

In this study, we used a numerical analysis program to study the molding conditions that affect the flow rate at the time of injection, using a spiral mold, which is mainly used for the evaluation of the flow rate of plastic resin. The mold temperature, melt temperature, and flow rate are composed of experimental factors. The three plastic forming factors were divided into five to six levels each. Since then, changes in the flow rate temperature were analyzed as the level of each forming factor increased. Experiments showed that all three forming factors increased the filling length of the spiral mold and the temperature of the flow front by a total of 34.53°C, melt temperatures increased the temperature of the flow front by a total of 34.53°C, the temperature increased by the flow rate was 23.5°C, and the temperature increased by the mold temperature was 1.99°C. It was shown that the melt temperature was the largest, followed by the flow rate and mold temperature. It was also possible to check the effect of plastic forming factors on the speed of the flow front.

국내 자연재난 피해의 50%는 태풍에 의해 발생하며, 최근 태풍에 동반된 강풍에 의한 인명 피해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 재난 피해 저감을 위한 재난 안전 교육의 일환으로 국내의 강풍체험시설은 대부분 제한된 공간에 설치되어 체험을 위한 내부 유동장의 효과적 설계가 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 전산유체역학 기법을 이용하여 강풍 체험장의 내부 유동장을 해석하였으며, 내부 구조 형상으로 인해 발생하는 압력 저항을 공간 저항으로 정의하였다. 기존 강풍 체험장에 대한 분석 결과 기존의 수평 방향 풍로 구조로 인해 매우 불균질한 내부 유동장이 형성되고 큰 공간 저항이 발생함을 확인하였다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 풍로를 수직 방향으 로 변경함으로써 공간 저항을 80% 가까이 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였으며, 체험장 내부 유동장의 균질도도 크게 향상되어 실질적 강풍 체험장 구현이 가능함을 확인하였다.

In this study, numerical analysis is conducted to understand the flow characteristics of the radial impeller with the design parameters such as the blade shape and position using the ANSYS Fluent software. The shape of blade is divided into two types, a backward curved blade and an airfoil forward curved blade. To examine the fundamental flow characteristics near the blades, a rectangular flow field is modeled and analyzed. On the other hand, for the impeller rotation analysis, the simulation is performed by modeling the rotational region separately. As a result, the airfoil forward curved blade shows higher outlet flow rate than the backward curved blade. In addition, as the depth of the impeller and the attachment angle of blade increase, the higher flow rate appears.

This study was performed to analyze the effect on driving performance by identifying the flow characteristics of the rear diffuser such as drag coefficient, lift coefficient, velocity vector, velocity streamlines, turbulence kinetic energy and vortex-core region according to the angle of the sedan rear diffuser and the shape of the divider. The angle of the diffuser was analyzed at 2° intervals from 0° to 18°, and the divider was analyzed by changing from one to five. The three-dimensional modeling was performed using CATIA V5 and the vehicle model was selected as a sedan car in the form of an LF Sonata. The CFD analysis was performed in order to identify the flow characteristics of rear diffuser using ANSYS CFX 14.5.7. For each model, the analysis was performed under each condition with speeds of 80km/h, 100km/h, 120km/h, 140km/h. The results of the flow analysis showed that the rear diffuser angle was the best result in driving stability at 6°. The results of the study on the number of dividers showed the best result value in driving stability when the rear diffuser angle was 6° and the divider was 3 and selected as the optimal shape.

In this study, the flow analyses were carried out on three kinds of front wing models. The down forces of front wings which influence the stability, cornering at driving were investigated with three models. At model 1, the maximum pressure shown on the main plate of front wing is 3177.539Pa. The maximum pressures at models 2 and 3 are shown to be 3429.677Pa and 3506.494Pa, respectively. The higher the pressure, the more resistance. So, the lower the pressure, the less resistance the model gets. At model 1, the maximum velocity of stream that flows under the front wing was shown to be the smallest among three models. In case of all three models, the pressure at which the air passes through the front wing is high in the upper part of the front wing. Among three models, model 1 is thought to be the most appropriate model to give the effect of the down force while reducing the flow resistance at driving. By utilizing this study result, the flow velocity and pressure are investigated without the flow experiment at driving due to the configuration of automotive front wing, and the flow resistance can be seen.

In order to satisfy the strengthening automobile exhaust gas regulation and CO2 regulation, the development of eco-friendly vehicles is actively progressing. To cope with these regulations, research on alternative fuel vehicles is being actively conducted. Alternative fuels are one of the best ways to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and respond to emissions and CO2 regulations. Natural gas, one of many alternative fuels, contains methane (CH4) as a main component and has abundant reserves, so it is attracting attention as a fuel that can provide stable long-term supply by replacing fossil fuels. In addition, natural gas has a high octane number, so there is room for improvement in combustion characteristics when used in SI engines, and it has the advantage of reducing harmful emissions and carbon dioxide (CO2) compared to conventional fossil fuels. When using a low-pressure injector in a turbo engine, it is difficult to secure the flow rate of fuel because the pressure difference between the injector and the manifold is small. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-pressure injector to improve this. Natural gas is a gaseous fuel and should be developed in consideration of compressible flow, Although the use of a CNG high-pressure injector is required, it is difficult to stabilize the flow due to the Mach disk and shock wave interference caused by compressible flow. If the flow is not stabilized, it is difficult to precisely control the flow. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an injector in consideration of flow characteristics. In this paper, the flow analysis according to the shape change of the injector was conducted to improve the fuel flow rate injected from the 800 kPa high pressure CNG injector.

The objectives of this study were to develop the optimal structures of recirculating aquaculture tank for improving the removal efficiency of solid materials and maintaining water quality conditions. Flow analysis was performed using the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) method to understand the hydrodynamic characteristics of the circular tank according to the angle of inclination in the tank bottom (0°, 1.5° and 3°), circulating water inflow method (underwater, horizontal nozzle, vertical nozzle and combination nozzle) and the number of inlets. As the angle in tank bottom increased, the vortex inside the tank decreased, resulting in a constant flow. In the case of the vertical nozzle type, the eddy flow in the tank was greatly improved. The vertical nozzle type showed excellent flow such as constant flow velocity distribution and uniform streamline. The combination nozzle type also showed an internal spiral flow, but the vortex reduction effect was less than the vertical nozzle type. As the number of inlets in the tank increased, problems such as speed reduction were compensated, resulting in uniform fluid flow.

There are many disadvantages to existing silencers used in power plants. Recently, high-performance silencers are required in society, so it is necessary to develop silencers accordingly. Therefore, in this study, to develop the flow silencer by taking advantage of the foamed aluminum, the property values such as loss coefficient and porosity were obtained through experiments, based on the Forchheimer's law. CFD analysis was performed by applying a porous modeling technique to foamed aluminum and the results were compared with experimental values. The error rate between the results of the experiment and the flow analysis is within about 2.79%, so the results of the experiment and the analysis agree relatively well. When the foamed aluminum was installed, the flow noise was reduced by about 5.14dB.

선체 부가물에서 발생하는 유동소음은 자체소음 관점에서 소나의 성능과 직결되고, 추진기 및 방향타와 상호작용을 통해 2차 소음원을 야기해 근접장 범위의 엄밀한 분석이 요구된다. 하지만 유동소음 해석에 적용되는 기존의 음향상사법은 음향 신호의 전파를 직접 모사하지 않는 간접법에 해당해 회절, 반사, 산란 특성을 고려할 수 없으며, 근접장 해석이 제한적이다. 본 연구에서는 격자 볼츠만 기법을 적용해 수중환경 유동소음의 전파과정을 직접 모사하였다. 격자 볼츠만 기법은 분자의 충돌과 흐름 과정을 통해 유동소음을 해석하는 기법으로, 압축성과 낮은 소산율, 낮은 분산율의 특성을 가지고 있어 소음해석에 적합하다. 선체 부가물 형상을 대상으로 RANS 해석을 통해 유동소음원을 도출하고, 유동-음향 경계면을 적용한 격자 볼츠만 기법으로 유동소음의 전파과정을 직접적으로 모사했다. 도출된 결과를 수음점의 위치에 따라 FW-H 결과 및 유체동압력 결과와 비교를 통해 근접장에서 타 기법 대비 격자 볼츠만 기법의 유용성을 확 인했다.

본 논문은 하수관 보강 방법 중 보강튜브경화공법(CIPP)의 종점부 미경화 문제를 해결하기 위해 설계된 증기이송튜브 시스템에 대한 유동해석 결과를 보고한다. 설계된 증기이송튜브의 유동해석을 위해 SolidWorks Flow Simulation을 이용하여 해석을 수행하였다. 100mm, 150mm, 200mm의 직경을 갖는 증기이송튜브에 대한 유동 흐름 및 온도 분포가 유동을 해석을 통해 검토되었다. 해석 결과를 통해 증기이송튜브의 직경이 증가함에 따라 경화온도를 만족하는 CIPP 내부 길이가 증가하는 것이 확인되었다. 또한, 직경 200mm를 제외한 모든 직경의 증기이송튜브의 입구에서 증기 역류 현상이 나타남을 확인하였다. 이에 증기이송튜브의 최적 직경은 200mm로 결정되었으며, 이에 대한 유동해석을 통해 증기주입을 시작하고 350초 경과 이후에 CIPP 내 모든 길이에서 경화온도를 만족하는 것을 확인하였다.

To apply CNN to a fluid problem, we need a method to effectively convert the physical quantities of fluid into an image. The performance of CNN was evaluated using the image transformation method using the minimum and maximum values of the pressure distribution data and the image transformation methods using the normal distribution of the pressure distribution data. Through the performance evaluation of the learned CNN, the image transformation methods of Method 4 and Method 5, which applied the normal distribution of representative pressure distribution data, were very effective. In particular, Method 5 includes the initial and final pressure distribution data to include overall pressure distribution data, thereby improving the resolution of the color map to improve classification performance.

In this study, the flow analyses were carried out on the electric train models with three kinds of mounting materials installed at the front part of train. By examining the results of flow rate and pressure, It was investigated which type of design should be designed to be more efficient in high-speed operation. The three types of models are set as models a, b and c, and each has its own shape. For all models, the wind speed was set at 110 km/h, the most common driving speed for wide-area electric trains. In the case of the model a, it was good at cutting the wind flow as a round shape when viewed from the top. But from the side, it showed a vortex forming in the upper corner. To the contrary, the model b, which has a wedge-shaped side, could be seen from the top as a result of a vortex. Finally, in the case of model c combined with models a and b, the least vortex, front pressure, and resistance forces were shown by selecting the flow advantages of models a and b. By utilizing this study result, the flow velocity and pressure are investigated without flow experiment by shape of the front part of electric train, and the flow capacity can be seen.

The numerical analysis of two-dimensional transient flow around the obstacle with rotated square cross sections was carried out. The obtained velocity distributions for each time step and each rotation angle were imaged to provide data for CNN(convolutional neural network). Both classification and regression neural networks were used for prediction of rotation angle. As results The classification method incorrectly predicted the rotation angle in only 2 of the 470 images. The regression method predicted the rotation angle errors within except 2 out of 470 images. From these facts, it could be concluded that both methods can be sufficiently applicable to the flow analysis.

In this study, by analyzing the flow rate and the pressure applied to the fan for the flow of air with room temperature into the fan in desktop computer, it was investigated which model was suitable for flow resistance. When comparing the speed distribution of air flow by model according to fan shape, model A was able to confirm that the fan performance was not good but the external flow was widely distributed. And model B was able to know that the performance was good but the external flow was smaller. Model C was found to have good performance and a wide distribution of outer flow. In cases of three models, it was equally shown that the pressure was highest on the blade side of the inlet where the air enters. Model B receives more pressure than models A and C when the same air flow rate is applied, so models A and C are considered more efficient cooling fans than model B. When considering the flow rates and the pressures acting on the model, model C is thought to have relatively good performance. By utilizing this study result, the flow rate and pressure are investigated without flow experiment by the shape of fan in desktop computer, and the flow capacity can be seen.