제주 감귤원에 피해를 주는 볼록총채벌레의 유입원 및 감귤원의 발생밀도와의 관계를 구명하기 위해 1차 기주식물 이면서 제주도내에 넓은 면적으로 재배되는 키위(품종 : 제스프리골드키위)와 망고(품종 : 애플망고)의 볼록총채벌레 발생 양상을 조사하였다. 서귀포시 신례리 키위과원 1곳, 동홍동 망고과원 1곳의 생육시기별 볼록총채벌레 발생밀도를 끈끈이트랩을 이용하여 조사하였다. 키위과원의 경우 8월 16일 여름순 전정을 실시하였고 이시기부터 인접감귤원의 볼록총채벌레 발생량이 급증하였다. 망고과원의 경우도 8월 16일 전정을 실시하였으며 망고 또한 이시기부터 볼록총채 벌레 밀도가 증가하였다. 망고과원의 경우 순이 굳는 1달 뒤부터 발생량이 줄어들기 시작하였다. 인접한 감귤원에서도 밀도조사를 실시하였는데 전정 후 밀도가 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 이는 1차 기주식물과원의 밀도증가가 인접 감귤원의 밀도에 직접적인 영향을 끼치는 것을 단편적으로 보여주는 것이라 할 수 있다.

The survey was conducted to investigate biomass and distribution of fisheries resources using a quantitative echo sounder and a fixed gillnet around Marado coast of Jeju to obtain the scientific basic data for dispute resolution with a large purse seine fishery and coastal fishing and policy establishment of reasonable fisheries resources. Hydroacoustic surveys were conducted six times (November 28~29, 2015 (night), February 23~24, 2016 (night) and March 3~4, 2016 (night/day), March 30~31, 2016 (night/day)) using a quantitative echo sounder. The pelagic fish densities were relatively higher around Marado in November 2015, February 2016 and March 3~4, 2016. However, demersal fish densities were relatively higher in Jeju coastal waters on March 30~31, 2016. Catch data using fixed gill net were used to calculate biomass. Based on the hydroacoustic data, fish length-weight function and target strength information of dominant fish, the biomass of fishes were estimated as follow: 5.64 ton CV = 70.2% at night on November 28-29 2015, 7.14 ton CV = 35.8% of pelagic fish and 530.77 ton CV = 34.6% of demersal fishes at night on February 23-24 2016, 2.34 ton CV = 56.7% of pelagic fish and 571.93 ton CV = 40.3% of demersal fish at daytime, 1.39 ton CV = 48.4% of pelagic fish and 194.59 ton CV = 54.3% of demersal fish at night on March 3~4 2016, 0.37 ton CV = 72.9% of pelagic fish and 338.79 ton CV = 99.7% of demersal fish at daytime, 0.24 ton CV = 21.3% of pelagic fish and 68.61 ton CV = 53.8% of demersal fish at night on March 30~31 2016.

Jeju Eoseungsaeng lake which is a main water resource of Eoseungsaeng water treatment plant(Q=15,000 m3/d) experienced high chromaticity(40 CU) and pH(9.46) in 2013. This could decline customer's confidence on drinking water quality unless proper identification and removal of chromaticity were implemented. To find cause of chromaticity, water monitoring on various water parameters including TOC, algal cell count, Chl-a, turbidity, SS, conductivity, etc. were implemented. Iron and manganese were excluded from the cause of chromaticity due to its low concentration (i.e., < 0.02 mg/L). Correlation among water parameters showed that relationship between algal cell count and chromaticity was the highest(R=0.43), which suggested that presumably the main reason of chromaticity occurrence in Jeju Eoseungsaeng lake was algae.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic value of skin scuba marine tourism activity in Jeju Island. The economic value is estimated as consumer surplus using count data models including the truncated Poisson model and the truncated negative binominal distribution model. This study collects the effective 369 questionnaires from skin scuba marine tourists through three times in Jeju Island. The truncated Poisson model was statistically more suitable and valid than other models. The truncated Poisson model was applied to estimate consumer surplus as economic value from skin scuba in Jeju Island. A consumer surplus value per trip was estimated as about 4,081,633 won. The annual economic value from skin scuba marine tourism activity was estimated as 8,428,571 won in Jeju Island. Consequently, skin scuba marine tourism activity has a very large economic value in Jeju Island.

This study was carried out to investigate the bat (Chiroptera) fauna in Jeju Island. Bat distribution has been monitored for last eleven years (since July 2006 to April 2016). We visited and survey the bat distribution in fifteen natural lava tubes, three sea caves, nineteen artificial cave encampments constructed during 20th century, five natural forest regions nearby Hallasan (eco-corridors) and one sea-shore area. Bat specimens were also confirmed at two local museums in Jeju Island. From the present study, we found 9 species of 6 genera belong to 3 families, which was quitely different from the records had previously described in Jeju Island since 1928. Five species (Rhinolophus ferrumequium, Myotis bombinus, Myotis rufoniger, Myotis macrodactylus and Miniopterus schreibersi) were commonly found to live in lava tubes and cave enforcements. But only Rhinolophus ferrumequium was found in a sea cave and five species including Murina leucogaster and Pipistrellus abramus were found in eco-corridors. Myotis aurascens were only observed in the cave enforcements. We have also confirmed the existence of specimens, including Tadarida insignis, stored at the local museums. From the results of this study, we actually could not found the remaining seven species (Hypsugo savii, Miniopterus fuscus, Myotis mystacinus, Myotis ikonnikovi, Myotis branditii, Myotis petax and Pipistrellus endoi). From the investigation of bat species, Myotis rufoniger which is known as one of endangered species were detected in four different locations including two lava tubes, one forest region, and one cave enforcement. This is the first time of finding for Myotis rufoniger in the artificial architecture. In addition, one of rare finding species Myotis bombinus in Korean Peninsula, which were found in several lava tubes and cave enforcements, in some cases they were observed in the large population over one-hundred individuals. The Tube-nosed bat (Murina leucogaster) was discovered for the first time through this study in 2009, which was found in the mountainous forest regions nearby Hallasan in summer season. Interestingly, Myotis aurascens were also discovered firstly in spring season of 2015. Myotis aurascens were discovered three locations of cave enforcements but the localities were restricted only in the western region of Jeju Island. Using the bat specimens fo Myotis aurascens collected from three different locations, we tried to examine the morphometric and phylogenetic relationship among the records in the East Asia. The bat population of Jeju Island had smaller levels of HBL and Hfcu, but greater levels of TL, EL, FAL, and Tra than those of the Korean Peninsula population. Jeju bats had wide range in the lengths of FAL and Hfcu comparing to those of European bats. From the bimonthly monitoring to each finding site, we have actually failed to observe those again, estimating that they use those CEs as the daily-roosting place in activating seasons. The sequences of CYTB and COI genes showed identical sequences among Jeju Myotis aurascens bats tested, indicating that they are maternally related. The results from molecular phylogeny showed that the sequences of these bats located on the same branch with those for Myotis aurascens in the phylogenetic trees. Besides, the nucleotide sequences of the Jeju Myotis aurascens bats showed the closest relation with those of Korean Peninsula. Consequently, these findings indicate that the bats of Myotis aurascens, verified the natural distribution in Jeju Island, have originated from a single maternal origin and differences in morphological and genetic backgrounds form those of Korean Peninsula and the other countries, and had probably immigrated via Korean Peninsula from the northwest. The results of this study showed that it should be carried out to reconstruct the bat fauna and to reveal the natural habitation status of each species in this island in the future. In addition, these findings will contribute as basic information for understanding the migration history and biogeographic relationship of bats in East Asia, and for planning the conservation and management programs of the wildlife in Jeju Island.

Seagrasses, sea flowering plants, comprise approximately 60 species globally and are often called ‘ecosystem engineers’ because they create their own habitats by modifying the surrounding environments, which provide coastal zones with a number of crucial ecosystem services. Zostera marina (the common name ‘eelgrass’) is one of the seagrass beds-forming species distributed widely in northern hemisphere including the Korean coast, which plays a pivotal role in ecosystem as a primary producer and a nursery habitat or refuge for other marine organisms. However, due to global climate change and anthropogenic activities such as reclamation and dredging, there has recently been a drastic decline in population sizes of Z. marina in Korea. In order to develop effective conservation and restoration management programs of Z. marina populations, it would be helpful to consider all biological aspects of this species such as genetic characteristics as well as ecological and physiological features. This study first provides information on genetic diversity and genetic structure of Jeju Island and Namhae populations of Z. marina, which will contribute to the establishment of appropriate conservation and restoration management plans for future persistence of this species. Using six microsatellite markers, we investigated the level of genetic diversity and genetic structure among 10 geographic populations of Z. marina inhabiting Jeju Island (Hamdeok, Tokki-seom, Sungsan, Woljeong, Ojo) and Namhae (Gamak bay, Jindong bay, Nampo, Anggang bay, Geoje) on the southern coast of Korea. The level of genetic diversity within Jeju populations (mean allelic richness [AR]: 1.57 ~ 3.09) was found to be significantly lower than Namhae populations (AR: 3.09 ~ 4.29) (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that effective population sizes (Ne) of Jeju populations are generally smaller than those of Namehae populations. Within Jeju Island, Hamdeok population had the smallest population size (coverage: 138 m2) and the lowest genetic diversity (AR: 1.57), while Ojo population had the largest population size (coverage: 275,736 m2) and the greatest level of genetic diversity (AR: 3.09). Hamdeok population showed evidence of genetic bottleneck. These results again suggest that Ne of Jeju populations is generally low (except Ojo population). Among Jeju populations, all pair-wise comparisons of FST values (i.e., degree of genetic differentiation) were highly significant (FST = 0.0612 ~ 0.7168, P < 0.001) despite Jeju populations that were geographically closely located, indicating that these local populations are genetically divergent, probably due to a lack of gene flow among the populations. The observed strong population structure was substantiated by evidence that five genetic clusters are most likely, based on population assignment test (STRUCTURE). The Mantel test showed a positive relationship between genetic distance (FST) and geographic distance (km) across all the populations sampled (R2 = 0.4118, P < 0.05), suggesting that our data follow Isolation By Distance (IBD) model. Woljeong population revealed the highest level of FST values compared to other populations within Jeju Island in IBD. STRUCTURE and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) further showed that some Woljeong individuals included genotypes of Namhae populations. Population size of Woljeong (coverage: 310m2) was approximately 50 % smaller than that of Sungsan (coverage: 841m2); however, extent of its genetic diversity (AR: 2.39) was even higher than that of Sungsan population (AR: 1.77). We speculated that Woljeong population underwent a transplantation from Namhae populations with relatively higher level of genetic diversity. FST values within Namhae populations were relatively lower (compared to within Jeju Island) despite the populations that were geographically more distant. It means that level of gene flow is higher among Namhae populations than among Jeju populations. Z. marina is known to have different life histories by water depth. In subtidal zone (deep water depth) populations predominantly undertake sexual reproduction through seeds such as annual life history, whereas those of intertidal zone (shallow water depth) undertake both sexual and asexual reproductions through horizontal rhizomes i.e., perennial life history. STRUCTURE analysis showed no clear differences between shallow and deep populations at Namhae, but some FST values were statistically significantly different despite their low values. For Geoje population sampled in 2005, intertidal and subtidal populations were not significantly different (FST = 0.0045, P = 0.033), but these populations sampled in 2015 showed a significant difference (FST = 0.0328, P < 0.001). It means that genetic structure of Geoje has been changed over the 10 year period between shallow and deep populations. Overall, the Jeju and Namehae populations analyzed in the current study have relatively low levels of genetic diversity and distinct genetic compositions, which warns the message that this ecologically important species should be conserved separately in the local populations and with high priority. We propose that future conservation and restoration plans for seagrasses should consider genetic characteristics particularly because a close relationship between genetic diversity and ecological performance in marine species has been well documented.

Cymbidium kanran Makino is being threatened in its own habitats due illegal collecting and habitat changes by vegetation growth along historical landuse change. In this study, we established habitat restoration model for conservation of C. kanran based on ecological diagnosis. Through exploration to Jeju Island in 2014 and 2015, we identified 27 unknown habitats of C. kanran and in there, abiotic variables and vegetation structure and composition were quantified. Altitudinal distribution of C. kanran was between 200 m ~700 m a.s.l. and compared to distribution in 2004, Area of Occupation (AOO) decreased at 82%. Specific habitat affinity was not observed by evenly found in mountain slope and valley and summergreen and evergreen broadleaved forests, but likely more abundant in valley habitats with higher soil and ambient moisture. Total of 96 individual of C. kanran was observed with an average density of 942.6 individuals ha-1. The plants showed relatively short leaf length (average=10.7 cm±1.1 cm) and small number of pseudo bulbs (1.2±0.2). Flowering and fruiting individuals were not observed in field. C. kanran was classified into endangered plant species as CR (Critically Endangered) category by IUCN criteria. Phenotypic plasticity of C. kanran was likely support to sustain in more shaded habitat environment and recent habatat changes to closed canopy and low light availability may exhibit negatively effects to C. kanran’s life history. Restoring C. kanran habitat should create open environment as grassland and low woody species density.

Pollutants removal efficiency in pretreatment(GAC filter, multi-media filter, disk filter) and RO facilities was investigated for the Jeju Samyang spring water source where raw water intake has been stopped due to sea water intrusion. In addition, preliminary feasibility analysis was conducted between RO and groundwater intake systems. Turbidity removal in 4 different pretreatment processes was less than 25% due to low concentration of turbidity(i.e., less than 0.21 NTU), while multi-media filter is recommended for the pretreatment facility based on the low organic content in raw water as well as cheaper operation and maintenance cost. The average concentration of Cl- in raw water was 691.4 mg/L, while that of RO permeate was 9.1 mg/L(i.e., removal efficiency was 98.4%). In addition, TDS removal efficiency was 98.1%, which was quite high. The production cost for RO system(Q=4,000 m3/d) was 362.1 won/m3 considering installation, operation and maintenance cost for 30 years. While that of groundwater was 262.6 won/m3 which was low compared to the RO system. However, it is recommended to introduce RO system for Samyang water source rather than new groundwater development because Samyang water source has been discharged to the sea without any usage, while groundwater can be used for other purpose as a sustainable water source.

The twenty six specimens of leptocephali (15.8–32.6 mm TL) of the family Congridae, collected from southeastern waters offshore of Jeju Island during August 2014, and were identified by means of morphology and genetics. Those specimens were identified as belonging to the family Congridae based on various combinations of morphological characters. An analysis of the partial 12S rRNA sequences (886 base pairs) of mitochondrial DNA showed that our specimens must be Gnathophis nystromi, because their sequences were concordant with those of G. nystromi adult (genetic distance= 0.001), furthermore their total myomeres being consistent with those of G. nystromi adult. Catch rates of G. nystromi leptocephali were higher in the offshore regions than coastal regions of Jeju Island. The smallest leptocephali (< 20 mm TL) were collected offshore from Jeju Island. We hypothesize that one of the spawning grounds of G. nystromi is located offshore in the Jeju Island. In conclusion, the hatched preleptocephali of G. nystromi might have been transported from offshore near Jeju Island to the Korea Strait by the Kuroshio Current and Tsushima Warm Current.

This study was carried out to investigate the bat (Chiroptera) fauna in Jeju Island. Bat distribution was monitored in lava tubes, sea caves, cave encampments and eco-corridors from July, 2006 to June, 2015. Bat specimens were also confirmed at the museums in Jeju Island. From the present study, we found 8 species of 6 genera belong to 3 families, which was different from the records had previously described in Jeju Island since 1928. Five species (Rhinolophus ferrumequium, Myotis bombinus, M. formosus, M. macrodactylus and Miniopterus schreibersi) were commonly found to live in lava tubes and cave enforcements. But only R. ferrumequium was found in a sea cave and five species including Murina leucogaster and Pipistrellus abramus were found in eco-corridors. We have also found seven species including Tadarida insignis in the specimens stored in local museums. From the results of this study, we actually could not found the remaining seven species (Hypsugo savii, Miniopterus fuscus, Myotis mystacinus, Myotis ikonnikovi, Myotis branditii, Myotis petax and Pipistrellus endoi). Interestingly, Myotis formosus which is known as one of endangered species and Myotis bombinus which is very rare in Korean Peninsula were currently found in Jeju Island. In addition, Tube-nosed bat (Murina leucogaster) that was discovered for the first time through this study. A variety of habitats for Chiroptera were identified, but the information is still not sufficient to understand. These results will be useful to provide a fundamental data in preserving the diversity of bats and in ecological study in Jeju Island.

동절기에 제주도 지역에서 도래하는 떼까마귀의 유전적 특성과 집단 간 유연관계를 구명하기 위해, 미토콘드리아 COI 유전자 서열의 다형성에 기반한 모계 계통 구조와 계통 유연관계를 분석하였다. 떼까마귀 DNA는 우도와 제주도 내에서 발견된 깃털과 사체 시료에서 분리하였다. 결정된 COI 서열들(n=41)은 떼까마귀(Corvus frugilegus)에서 기존 에 보고된 서열들과 97.0% 이상 일치하였다. 제주도 떼까마귀 COI 서열들은 3가지 haplotype(J01-J03)으로 구분되었으 나 지역-특이적인 양상을 보이지 않아, 이들이 하나의 모계 기원에서 유래한 집단임을 알 수 있었다. 떼까마귀 전체 COI 서열에서 8개의 COI haplotype들이 발견되었다. 이 중 3가지 haplotype들은 러시아 동부, 몽골, 한국 등 동북아시 아의 COI 서열들을 포함하였고, 나머지 5가지는 중앙아시아, 중동아시아, 러시아 서부, 유럽국가의 떼까마귀에서 발견 되었다. 계통수 상에서 떼까마귀의 COI 서열들은 측소적 종분화 단계인 2아종, C. f. frugilegus와 C. f. pastinator인 2개의 모계 계통으로 뚜렷하게 구분되었다. DNA barcoding 분석을 통한 연구결과는 모계 계통의 구조, 계통 유연관계 및 분자생태를 이해하는 데 중요한 정보를 제공할 것이다.

제주도 서귀포시의 감귤연구소에서 귤굴나방 유충과 번데기를 채집하여 귤굴나방과 기생성천적을 조사하였다. 2015년 6월 노지 귤나무의 귤굴나방유충이 발육중인 어린순 495엽에서 귤굴나방은 125개체 우화하였고 천적은 38개체가 우화하였다. 온실의 어린순 148엽에서 귤굴나방은 138개체 우화하였고 천적은 조사되지 않았다. 7월에는 노지 귤나무 453엽에서 귤굴나방이 526개체 우화하였고 천적은 55개체가 우화하였다. 8월 노지 귤나무의 귤굴나방 조사결과 우화율이 급격히 감소하여 총 177엽중 6개체만 우화하였고 천적은 총 112개체로 우화하였다. 8월에 채집한 귤굴나방유충 및 번데기를 저온 6℃에 저장한 후 천적우화율을 조사한 결과 저장 1주차에 천적은 54.0% 우화하였고 저장 2주차와 3주차에는 각각 44.0%와 19.0%로 우화율이 감소하였다. 그리고 채집한 귤잎 여러개를 한꺼번에 큰 지퍼백에 저온 보관한 것보다 한개 잎씩 작은 지퍼백에 보관한 경우에 각각 12.7 ~ 19.0% 와 44.4 ~ 54.0%로 천적 우화율이 높았다.

제주 감귤과원에 피해를 주는 볼록총채벌레의 유입원을 확인하기 위해 1차 기주식물이면서 제주도내에 넓은 면적으로 재배되는 키위(품종 : 제스프리골드키위)와 망고(품종 : 애플망고)의 볼록총채벌레 발생 양상을 조사하였다. 서귀포시 신례리 과원 1곳, 의귀리 과원 1곳, 공천포 과원 1곳의 키위과원과 인접 감귤과원의 볼록총채벌레 발생밀도를 황색끈끈이트랩(15×25cn)를 이용해 비교해본 결과 키위과원에서 발생밀도가 더욱 높게 나타났으며 발생시기는 일치하거나 감귤과원이 1주일 지연되어 나타나는 모습을 보였다. 1차 기주식물과 감귤과원의 볼록총채벌레 발생의 연관성을 밝히기 위해 키위, 망고과원과 접하고 있는 감귤과원의 감귤나무를 거리별로 선발하여 트랩을 설치하고 그 밀도를 확인하였다. 키위과원과 접한 감귤나무에서는(0m)는 평균 161마리의 볼록총채벌레 성충이 트랩에 포획되었으며, 5m 떨어진 감귤나무에서는 86마리, 10m는 24마리, 15m는 61마리, 20m는 56마리로 키위과원과 가까운 곳의 감귤나무에서 더 높은 밀도의 볼록총채벌레가 포획되었다. 망고과원에서도 위와 같은 방법으로 트랩을 설치한 결과 0m에서는 평균 159마리, 7m에서는 77마리, 14m 21마리가 포획되었다.

제주도 지역에 특이적으로 형성되어 있는 곶자왈은 빌레용암, 튜물러스, 용암함몰지, 습지 등 다양한 지형지질 특성이 혼재하여 있다. 본 연구는 월림-신평곶자왈의 특이 지형인 밧줄구조 등이 발달한 파호이호이(Pahoehoe)용암지인 빌레, 압력돔(튜물러스, tumulus) 및 띠와 억새군락이 발달한 초지 지역에 대한 곤충조사를 통해 제주도 곶자왈의 곤충분포에 대한 특성을 분석하고자 수행하였다. 2014년 여름과 가을 조사한 결과 총 13목 76과 195종 4,649 곤충개체가 확인되었다. 빌레지대에서는 총 1,400 개체가 채집되었으며 여름 28종 334개체, 가을 20종 133 개체가 확인되었다. 튜물러스에서는 총 135 개체가 채집되었는데 여름 5종 31개체 가을 8종 14개체 이었다. 초지에서는 총 3,114 개체가 채집되었으며, 여름 51종 831 개체 가을 25종 207 개체가 발견되었다. 여름철 종풍부도는 빌레 2.21, 튜물러스 1.56, 초원 2.21를 보였고, 가을철에는 각각 2.26, 1.83, 2.21로 큰 변동이 없었다. 종다양성 지수(Hill, N1)는 여름철 빌레 40.06, 튜물러스 3.29, 초원 62.62로 튜물러스 지대가 매우 낮았으며, 가을철에는 25.63, 4.88, 19.64로 크게 변동하였다. 종균등도는 여름철 빌레 0.69, 튜물러스 0.33, 초원 0.69 이었고, 가을철에는 각각 0.70, 0.42, 0.50 이었다. 포괄적 다양도 지수인 Shannon(H')는 여름철 빌레 0.0348, 튜물러스 0.5683, 초원 0.0229, 가을철 각각 0.0548, 0.3824, 0.0963으로 전체적으로 초원에서 종다양성이 높았다.

제주특별자치도 인근 주요 부속도서인 비양도, 마라도, 차귀도, 가파도, 우도의 육상곤충상 조사를 외래곤충을 중심으로 2015년 5~6월에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 조사방법은 주간에 초지, 경작지, 산지 등을 도보로 돌며 조사하였으며, 외래곤충의 주요서식처인 도로변, 주택가, 경작지, 항구주변 등의 교란된 지역을 중심으로 조사하였다. 5개 부속도서의 조사결과 총 8목 55과 136종이 조사되었으며, 비양도 46종, 마라도 30종, 차귀도 37종, 가파도 62종, 우도 51종의 육상곤충이 각각 조사되었다. 상기 섬들은 제주도 본섬과 육지에 비해 지형과 식생이 단순하고 서식처가 제한적이며, 조사 시기가 6월 중순 이전으로 곤충류의 출현이 활발하지 않은 시기였다. 또한, 부속도서 특성상 조사 시간과 횟수의 제한이 있었으며, 주로 교란된 지역을 조사하였기 때문에 총 종수가 비교적 적게 조사된 것으로 판단된다. 각 섬별로 조사결과를 비교 하였을 때, 식생이 다양하고 면적이 큰 섬에서 비교적 다양한 종이 조사되었다. 무인도서인 차귀도와 마라도는 비교적 면적이 작고 대부분 초지로 이루어져 있으며, 초본 또는 관목으로 식생이 매우 단순하여 종수가 적게 조사된 것으로 판단된다. 특히, 본 조사에서 확인된 외래곤충은 비양도, 가파도, 우도에서 알팔파바구미(Hypera postica), 비양도, 가파도에서 유럽좁쌀바구미(Ceutorhynchus obstructus)가 확인되었다. 또한, 국내 미기록 배벌류(Scolia sp.) 1종과 남한에서 분포가 확인되지 않은 막긴노린재류(Lamproplax sp.) 1종이 확인되었다.

노린재목(Hermiptera)에 속하는 물장군(L. deyrollei)은 수서곤충 중 가장 대형 종으로 습지, 논, 농수로 등에서 서식하며 담수어류나 양서류 유생 등을 포식하는 육식성 곤충이다. 본 연구는 2015년 5월부터 7월까지 제주도내 물장군 서식지(서귀포시 성산읍 난산리(A), 신천리(B)) 2곳과 개체수가 줄어드는 서식지(제주시 구좌읍 덕천리(C), 한림읍 상대리(D)) 2곳 및 물장군이 서식하지 않는 습지(한경면 용수리(E))에 서식하는 담수어류 및 양서류 유생을 조사하였다. 조사방법은 각 습지 당 10분씩 포충망을 이용하여 채집을 실시하였다. 조사결과 A습지는 5월에 북방산개구리(Rana dybowskii) 100개체, 6월에 참개구리(R. nigromaculata)와 청개구리(Hyla japonica)가 1개체, 9개체 및 7월에 1개체, 4개체가 조사되었다. B습지는 5월(북방산개구리 100개체), 6월(참개구리 9개체, 미꾸리(Misgurnus mizolepis) 2개체), 7월(참개구리 및 미꾸리가 11개체, 1개체)가 조사되었다. C습지는 5월(북방산개구리 6개체, 참개구리 22개체, 청개구리 38개체, 미꾸리 4개체, 제주도롱뇽(Hynobius quelpartensis) 1개체)가 조사되었고, 6월에 청개구리 4개체, 7월에 참개구리 2개체가 조사되었다. D습지는 5월에 북방산개구리 40개체, 6월에 참개구리, 청개구리, 미꾸리가 각 1개체, 4개체, 10개체가 나타났으며, 7월에는 채집된 개체가 없었다. 마지막으로 E습지에서는 6월에 제주도롱뇽 2개체만 조사되면서 물장군이 서식하는 습지에서는 담수어류 및 양서류 유생의 개체수 및 시기에 따른 종 변화가 다양한 것으로 판단되며, 먹이원이 풍부하지 않거나 7월 이후에 사라지는 습지에서는 물장군이 서식 및 번식하기에는 부적절하다고 사료된다.

본 연구는 중학생을 대상으로 진로코칭프로그램이 자기효능감과 진로성숙도에 미치는 효과 성을 검증하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 제주시에 소재한 지역아동 센터를 이용하는 중학교 1학년과 2학년 학생 10명을 실험집단으로 구성하였으며 다른 지역아 동센터를 이용하는 중학교 1학년과 2학년 학생 10명을 통제집단으로 구성하였다. 이들을 대상 으로 팀활동과 일대일 코칭을 포함한 진로코칭프로그램을 주3회 120분씩 총 10회기로 진행하 였다. 진로코칭프로그램 실시 후 실험집단과 통제집단의 사전, 사후 검증을 통해 자기효능감과 진로성숙도의 차이를 분석하였고, 프로그램에 참여한 학생들을 대상으로 프로그램 경험을 조 사하여 분석함으로써 진로코칭프로그램의 효과성을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 주요한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진로코칭 프로그램이 실험집단의 자기효능감과 진로성숙도에 미치는 효과를 검증한 결과 전체 자기효능감과 진로성숙도에 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 실험집단과 통제집단 간 종속변인인 자기효능감과 진로성숙도에 대해 사후검사에서의 차이를 검증한 결과 자기효 능감과 진로성숙도 모두 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 진로코칭프로그램에 참여한 학생들 의 주관적 경험을 분석한 결과 대부분의 학생들이 진로코칭 프로그램 참여 전보다 참여 후 자기효능감과 진로성숙도를 높이는데 도움이 되었다고 응답하였고 진로코칭프로그램의 세부 활동 중 가장 유익하고 좋았던 프로그램은 일대일 코칭이라고 응답하였다