The purpose of this study was to develop nutrition education program that promotes eating behavior of preschool children. 118 parents of preschool children were surveyed to understand of children's food preferences and prejudices. The preference for vegetable showed the lowest score(2.345) and fruit was the favorite food(4.11). These results imply the consequence of teaching balanced diet with emphasizing vegetables for preschoolers. Thus, nutrition education program including teaching material were developed to provide the preschoolers with cognitive, affective, and psychomotor activities in order them to the familiar with vegetables. The program were consisted of following five parts: 1. Read-A-Story includes six stories with follow-up activities. 2. Grow-A-Plant gives instructions for growing vegetables. 3. Play-A-Game stimulates children's imagination and learning. 4. Take-A-Trip suggests places to visit that grow, sell, and prepare vegetables. 5. Eat-A-Treat presents easy ways to prepare and enjoy vegetables. Twenty one-Standardized recipes for vegetable dishes were also developed for preschooler's luncheon and snack in daycare center.
양액재배시 배지 및 양액종류의 차이가 백경채, 탑채, 상추, 쑥갓 및 잎들깨의 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시한 실험의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 전반적으로 순수담액처리구와 혼합상토의 생육이 크게 차이나지는 않았으나 순수담액처리구의 생육이 가장 양호하였고, 모래배지에서의 생육이 가장 저조하였다. 백경채, 탑채, 상추와 잎들깨의 생육은 순수담액의 산기양액처리구에서 가장 좋았으며 쑥갓의 경우 양액종류에 관계없이 순수담액처리구에서 생육이 양호하였다. 2. 엽록소의 상대적 함량은 처리간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 3. Vitamin C의 함량은 처리구간에 차이가 크지 않았으나 공시작물 공히 전반적으로 양액의 종류에 상관없이 혼합상토처리구가 가장 높았고, 모래배지가 가장 낮았다. 그러나 잎들깨에서는 모래배지와 순수담액배지간에 차이가 없었다.
This study was performed observe the effect of vegetable oil on the liver of 0.5% cholesterol-fed rats. In this experiment, male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were used. The rats were divided into 5groups which were fed differently either for 8 weeks: basal diet, 20% sunflower oil diet, 20% soybean oil diet, 20% rapeseed oil diet.,20% coconut oil diet. The total cholesterol, triglyceride level in the liver were showed tendency of increase with increasing of P/S ratios. Bile acid excretion in the fecal increased with increasing of P/S ratios. The value of TBA in the serum and liver were increased in proportion to the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acid. The liver fatty acid of coconut-fed group showed larger variation than fatty acid of the cocount oil. The fat chang of sunflower oil diet in the liver showed the largest change.
자연광과 자연광에 인공광을 이용한 보광처리시 형광등, 백열등, 고압나트륨등으로 인공광의 종류를 달리하였을 때 백경채, 탑채, 상추, 쑥갓 및 잎들깨의 생육에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 전반적으로 대조구보다 보광처리구의 생육이 양호하였다. 2. 고압나트륨등처리구에서는 생육이 양호하여 엽중량비가 낮고, 엽면적이 넓으며 엽중이 무거워 외관상 상품가치가 높았으며 백열등처리구에서는 생체중은 무거웠으나 도장하여 상품성이 저하되었다. 형광등처리구에서는 고압나트륨등에 비하여 생육이 크게 떨어지지 않았다. 3. 엽록소의 상대적 함량은 전반적으로 큰 차이는 없었으나 고압나트륨등의 처리구에서 다소 높았다. 4. Vitamin C의 함량은 처리간 큰 차이는 없었으며 광 종류에 따라 작물마다 다른 반응을 나타내었다.
양어 및 수경재배 시설의 효율적 이용가능성을 검사하고 이의 효율적인 결합기술을 확립하기 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 양어ㆍ수경병용온실에서의 미기상 환경 특성과 그 환경에서의 작물의 생육 반응을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 평균체중 428.6g의 틸라피아 성어는 147일간에 1.83배로 성장하였고, 평균 체중 12.9g의 치어는 61일 동안 1.37배의 성장율을 보여 정상적으로 성장하였다. 2. 미나리, 상추, 배추 및 실파 공히 수경재배구에서 보다 양어ㆍ수경병용구에서 초장, 생체중 등의 생육이 양호하였다. 3. 두 처리구에서 양액의 pH및 EC의 차이는 크지 않았으나 양액 온도는 양어ㆍ수경병용구에서 약 2℃가 높았다. 4. 일중의 온도 및 습도변화양상은 평균온도가 각각 23.8℃ 및 20.9℃로서 양어ㆍ수경병용구에서 약 2.9℃ 더 높았고 상대습도는 약 6%높았다. 3. CO2 농도는 양어ㆍ수경병용구에서 약 200ppm 정도 높았다. 6. 수경재배구보다 양어ㆍ수경병용구에서 잎의 순동화율이 다소 높았다. 그러므로 동일한 시설공간내에 수경재배와 양어를 병행한다면 난방비의 절감효과 뿐만 아니라 양어와 엽채류의 성장에도 상호보완적인 가중효과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다.
야온과 시용질소의 형태를 달리한 양액이 탑채와 백경채의 생육 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실시한 실험의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 탑채, 백경채 모두 야온 15℃ 에서 생육이 왕성하여 생체중이 무거웠으나 건물율과 vitamin C의 함량은 온도가 낮아질수록 증가하였다. 2. 양액의 N형태 비율에 따른 백경채의 생육은 NO3- : NH4+ 의 비가 0 : 8에서만 극히 생육이 저조하고, 다른 처리구에서는 큰 차이가 없었다. 3. 양액내 NO3--N의 함량이 높을수록 vitamin C의 함량이 많고, NH4+-N의 함량이 높을 때는 건물율이 높았다.
The natural antioxidant such as e-tocopherol and synthetic antioxidant BHT were used to compare antioxidative effects of those antioxidants from the physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition changes in the soybean oil due to number of frying. The composition of frying oil were consisted of a group(Fresh oil), B gorup(Fresh oil added with 0.05% α-tocopherol), C group(Fresh oil added with 0.2% α-tocopherol), D group(Fresh oil added with 0.1% BHT), E group(Tocopherol removed oil from oil by active alumina column chromatography The results obtained were as follws : 1. The color was determined by the Lovibond colorimeter color intensity increased number of frying oil. 2, The acid value, TBA value and Carbonyl value were increased number of frying oil. 3. Natural antioxidants less effective than BHT but effect of α-tocopherol was very similar to that of BHT. 4. The order of antioxidative effect was 0.1% BHT, 0.2% α-tocopherol, 0.05% α-tocopherol, fresh oil, tocopherol remove oil.
The purpose of the study was to find an effect of phospholipid-free vegetable oils on the serum lipids and proteins of Sprague-Dawley rats. All experimental rats were fed ad libitum for 60days with the mixture of starch: casein: salt mixture: vitamin mixture (60:18:4:1) and at the same time fed administratively with 1 ml of soybean oil, corn oil and sesame oil bought in market as source of phospholipid-free vegetable oils(PFVO) and those extracted directly by and oil press as source of phospholipid-containing vegetable oils(PCVO) respectively. At the last day of experimental period, the rats were fasted for 12 hours and decaptitated to collect blood for analysis of serum lipid and protein. The results of this study were summerized as follows. 1. The supplementation of dietary phospholipid decrease food efficiency ratio and the growth rate of experimental rats. 2. The supplementation of dietary phospholipid improve correlation coefficient of body weight and organ weights. 3. The supplementation of dietary phospholipid increase the level of serum phosphatidylethanolamine. Therefore, I think that we must eat dietary phospholipid unpurified from vegetable oil to prevent development of atherosclerosis and fat liver.
No difference was observed on autoxidative stability of triacylglycerols before and after randomyl interesterification. It indicate that randomization of the glyceride composition has no significant effect on the autoxidative stability. On the other hand, the autoxidation of randomyl interesterified vegetable oil was accelerated, caused mainly by decrease of tocopherols during the series of interesterification procedures.
The effects of procedures for preparation of fatty acid methyl esters for gas chromatography were investigated. A quantitative comparison of four procedures for the preparation of the fatty acid methyl esters from Korean sesame seed lipids which can be representative of fatty acid ranges of Korean vegetable oils has been made. The procedures employed were BF3-methanol, HCI-methanol, sodium methoxide-methanol, and tetramethylammonium hydroxide-methanol. Twelve fatty acids ranged from 14:0 to 24:0 were identified in the lipids from Korean white and black sesame seeds. All four procedures gave similar results for the fatty acids, 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and 18:3 present in the range of 1~44% but only in the HCI-methanol procedure, the fatty acids, 16:1, 20:0, 22:0, 24:0 present in the range of 0.02~1% showed the lowest values. When using tetramethylammonium hydroxide-methanol procedure for determination of total fatty acid composition from white and black sesame seed lipids, unsaponifiable matters including sesamol, sesamolin and sesamin present in the seed lipids are not removed from the resulting reaction mixture. Thus the transesterification mixture is used without further treatment for injection into the gas chromatography. However, the gas chromatographic analysis of the transesterification mixture showed that the unsaponifiable matters had no effect on the fatty acid composition of the seed lipids. From the results, it appears that the BF3-methanol, sodium methoxide-methanol and tetramethylammonium hydroxide-methanol procedures can be used to prepare fatty acid methyl esters from Korean vegetable oils. Among the methods, the tetramethylammonium hydroxide-methanol procedure, which give total fatty acid composition, glyceride fatty acid composition and composition of free fatty acids present, appears to be a simple, convenient and quantitative procedure and applicable to samples containing broad ranges of fatty acids.
가을 김장철에 일시적으로 생산되는 채소잎으로 품질이 좋은 양질 Silage를 생산하기 위하여 본 시험을 실시 하였으며 시험구를 6개구로 설치하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 1. 채소잎70%, 볏짚20,% 맥강10% 혼합구가 Silage질이 가장 좋았고 유기산 생성량도 많고 낙산 함량은 없었으며 타구에 비하여 가장 우수하였다. 2. 맥강을 첨가한구는 첨가치 않은 구에 비하여 기호성이 좋았고 조단백질 함량도 높았다. 3. 유기산 조성에의한 Silage품질은 총
남부시설원예지대의 중심을 이루고 있는 김해 남지 진주 순천 등 4개지역을 대상으로 1981년 4월말부터 1982년 4월말까지 비닐하우스에서 재배되고 있는 주요채소에 발생되는 병의 종류와 발생율, 전염경로, 발병환경 등을 작물별 생육기별로 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 토마토의 잎곰팡이병과 겹둥근무늬병은 유묘류에 가장 피해를 주는 병으로 이병 종자를 파종한 경우는 파종후 35일부터 급격히 병세가 진전되였다. 오이의 덩굴쪼김병은 접목재배나 답전환 윤작재배시는 발병주율이 이내였으나 전작물 윤작지는 평균 오이 연작인 경우는 최고 에 달하였다. 오이 노균병은 4월부터 8월말까지 발생이 심한데 진주와 순천 지역에서 피해가 컸고 억제재배를 주로하는 남지에서는 이 병의 피해가 적은 반면 8월 이후에 흰가루병의 발생이 많았다. 오이모자익 바이러스병은 모든 조사지역에서 많이 발생되었는데 6월 이후 급격히 발생이 증가되었다. 고추에 가장 피해가 큰 병은 Phytopthora capsici에 의한 역병으로 12월부터 1월사이에 큰 피해를 주었으며 그후 점차로 감소하여 3월 경부터 지제부를 가해하여 5월 이후에는 이 법에 의한 고사율이 급격히 증가되었다. 토마토의 바이러스병은 전지역에서 심하게 발생하였으며, 토마토 연작재배지역인 김해, 진주지역에서는 잎 곰팡이병 및 잿빛곰팜이병 등 잎에 발생하는 병이 많았다.
Fruit and vegetable harvesting robots have been widely studied and developed in recent years to reduce the cost of harvesting tasks such as labor and time. However, harvesting robots have many challenges due to the difficulty and uncertainty of task. In this paper, we characterize the crop environment related to the harvesting robot and analyzes state-of-the-art of the harvesting robot especially, in the viewpoint of robotic end-effector. The end-effector, an one of most important element of the harvesting robot, was classified into gripper and harvesting module, which were reviewed in more detail. Performance measures for the evaluation of harvesting robot such as test, detachment success, harvest success, and cycle time were also introduced. Furthermore, we discuss the current limitations of the harvesting robot and challenges and directions for future research.
The purpose of this study was to develop a functional and valuable dairy product with high conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content through a fermentation method utilizing vegetable oil and probiotic lactic acid bacteria. Bifidobacterium breve KCTC 3419 was selected as a standard strain for high efficiency conversion of the CLA c9,t11. This standard strain was mixed in a definite ratio of 4:3:3 with Lactobacillus sakei LJ011 isolated from kimchi and the commercially available YF-L812 culture to generate a high-efficiency CLA conversion starter stock for use in fermented milk production. CLA conversion by safflower seed oil fermentation by the starter stock yielded the highest CLA containing fermented milk. The pH level, titratable acidity, and number of lactic acid bacteria in the fermented milk were altered to suitable levels during the fermented milk production process. The CLA content of CLA-fermented milk was maintained at 0.1% of the total CLA content during the storage period of 2 weeks.