This study reveals how interview discourses embodied in higher-level genres vary according to the discourse purpose and institutionalization level. Specifically, it analyzes episodes of news briefing and the entertainment program Hope Song at Noon, discussing street dance craze. Questions and answers dominated the discourse following the interview structure of news programs. The structure of questions and answers was accompanied by entertainment program talks. Regarding the characteristics of the interview questions and discourse, the news program delivered information as a social issue, while the entertainment program focused on interactions with dancers and entertainment activities. Thus, news programs shape discourse along a social dimension, while entertainment programs highlight individuals’ attractiveness and influence. Further, while news program viewers speak in a limited manner, listeners directly and actively participate in interview discourses in entertainment programs, which are embodied through language choices. Here, news programs employ formal language and normative and comprehensive vocabulary, and entertainment programs use every day and colloquial language and entertainment-specific vocabulary. This observation is significant as it examines entertainmentization of information and the informatization of entertainment.

This study aims to examine the public's perception of the appropriateness of metaphorical expressions used by medical professionals in medical discourse. A sample of 142 individuals were asked to evaluate the appropriateness of ten metaphorical expressions used by health-care experts. Additionally, questions were posed about the effects of using metaphors. The ten items showed variability in the degree of appropriateness, with metaphors being considered more appropriate when the target was familiar and the similarity between the source and target domains was high. Positive aspects of metaphor use by medical professionals included aiding in understanding, with respondents perceiving such professionals as kind, considerate of patients, and trustworthy. Negative aspects included difficulties in understanding when the similarity between the metaphorical targets was low, requiring lengthy and complex thought processes, and potential misunderstandings of scientific facts. Approximately 15% of respondents reported their own experiences with metaphorical expressions in medical discourse, noting that these metaphors helped them understand the illness and treatment, and induced positive behavioral changes.

본 연구는 한국과 베트남의 장례식 조문 답례 담화에 대한 비교 분석을 목적으로 한다. 그 결과 한국은 고인과 저자의 관계 지향 적인 성격을 지닌 반면 베트남은 고인의 죽음에 대한 사실 정보 전달 의 성격을 지니고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 또 한국 담화가 조문과 부 의라는 지원 요소에 감사를 하고 있는 것과 달리 베트남 담화에서는 감사한 대상을 나열하는 방식으로 감사를 표현하고 있었고, 양해 구하 기에 있어서도 한국은 찾아뵙지 못한 것에 대한 양해를 구한 반면, 베 트남은 혹시 모를 부주의에 대한 양해를 구하는 차이를 보이는 것으 로 나타났다.

After Korea was liberated from Japanese colonial rule, the U.S. established USAMGIK (United States Army Military Government in Korea). USAMGIK required many Korean-English interpreters to serve as language specialists and administrative officers. This study considers Korean military interpreters as a collective concept referring to a group of language experts and aims to analyze news reports about the group from 1945 to 1953. At that time, some news reports criticized Korean interpreters who served for the U.S. military because the experts abused their language power to influence Korean people by using their social position to pursue their own interests. However, such negative opinion revealed multifaceted problems, such as political dissent from the USAMGIK and its flawed language policy. From the perspective of Wodak and Reisigl’s (2001) proposed Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA), it can be explained as interdiscursive relationships among discourses about Korean military interpreters and the USAMGIK. Through an analysis of these overlapping discourses, this study discusses their interconnectedness.

Data commentary is an important text type in research articles; however, its discourse model is often challenging to access because it is embedded in the upper genres such as textbook, weather forecast, and journal article. This study aims to establish a discourse model of data commentary, with a focus on academic research papers in Economics and Business administration journals. To accomplish this, this study employs Move analysis and SF-MDA(Systemic Functional-Multimodal Discourse Analysis) to investigate the moves of data commentaries and the metafunctional meanings of each step. The results indicate that the data commentary discourse model consists of three moves: (1) summarizing the topic and methodology, (2) representing figure and numbers, and (3) analyzing and commenting on results. Additionally, 22 steps are identified for each move that creates metafunctional meaning: ideational, interpersonal, and textual.

Advertisement allows for multimodal access to sounds, colors, picture animations, and diverse symbols. Little research has reported the interrelationship among multimodality, discursive practice, and media effects in English language education. This study aims to conduct a multimodal approach to discourse analysis on the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) in TV advertisements and to explore the unique significance of the research methodology. The multimodality in three TV Ads (A, B, C) was investigated by referring to Halliday's systemic functional grammar, social semiotics’ visual grammar, and typography’s distinctive features. Royce’s intersemiotic complementarity was also employed as an analytic framework for the collected multimodal data from three domains (representational, interpersonal, and textual/compositional) of meaning-making schemes. It was found that different modes (language, typography, visual image) acted complementarily and efficiently to deliver the message of TOEIC: problem-solving ‘skill’ in A, financial 'support and return’ in B, and ‘AI database’ in C. Further research is also discussed, especially with regard to ‘critical’ approaches to multimodal discourse studies.

This investigation aims to identify the roles of the discourse marker ja in home shopping discourse. In 12 excerpts of home s hopping d iscourse, ja h as been f ound 8 6 times, u sed as a marker o f adding more information, changing a subject, starting a new topic, focusing and suggesting. The analysis showed that the adding more information function, which is the most frequently used one (35 times), and the suggesting one were newly found in this type of discourse and directly related to the characteristic of the discourse: show hosts tend to provide as much information about the product as possible and to justify the consumption by suggesting various reasons. In addition, cases in which ja was used more than two times by one speaker were often found, which is connected to the fact that it is necessary to keep consumers' attention for the purpose of selling products. Also, guests who occasionally appear to help the hosts never used ja, which is because only show hosts have the power to control the discourse. In the process of switching the topic (e.g. price, composition, product features, or rushing comments), ja was used as a subject-changing marker second most frequently (29 times), especially when making rushing comments. These findings turn out to be closely related to the distinctive features of home shopping discourse, demonstrating the importance of studying discourse markers within the context of institutional discourse.

The purpose of this study is to examine children's YouTube contents that intensively show the characteristics of a promotional society from the perspective of critical discourse studies. This starts to view of the concept of discourse as ‘use of language in a social context’. Discourse can be approached in terms of texts, discourse practices, and sociocultural practices. And the analysis was carried out within the dialectical relationship of these three dimensions. Children's YouTube discourse superficially pursues an entertainment genre, but has the characteristics of an advertising genre. The discourse practice of YouTube text makes it natural to watch a commercial presented before watching main contents. In addition, it commercializes play activities between parents and children in the home domain. Representing ‘play’ and ‘home’ at the text level as excessively abundant goods is related to ‘discourse on happiness through material’. In terms of discourse practices, the value of the play activities of parents and children as media products, and the guarantee of (advertising) viewing act for consumption of these texts, is based on the characteristics of the promotion and consumption society. Capturing the ideology of fetishism that penetrates these three dimensions contributes to the recognition of the act of watching as labor.

The purpose of this s tudy is to analyz e the COVID-19 political discourse from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, to identify what linguistic strategies politicians use to reveal their position and ideologies, and how the social and political situations are reflected in their discourse. The data consist of speeches made by Donald Trump, the former U.S. president, and Andrew Cuomo, the governor of New York, in terms of text, discourse practice, and sociocultural practice using Fairclough’s 3D model. The findings show that the two politicians used terms that separate ‘us-group’ and ‘them-group’, while showing differences in specific vocabulary choices and discourse composition strategies. Trump tended to use positive self-presentation, optimistic expressions, and focused on economic policies, while Cuomo tended to use objective figures, emphasize seriousness, and focus on prevention policies. This forms the way the public perceives society, and conversely, social situations such as racial discrimination and hate issues also affect and interact with discourse strategies.

The purpose of this study is to reveal through discourse analysis the processes and patterns in which discrimination and hate in Korean society is produced. The social aspect of discrimination and hatred is practiced and reproduced through discourse. Discourses related to dogs were selected for this inquiry, because discrimination and hatred against dogs, especially large dogs today, are confirmed through various discourse(language sources) of the media. For this critical discourse study, van Dijk's approach, emphasizing the cognitive component when exploring the relationship between discourse and society, was applied. As a result of the analysis, it was identified that the polarized distinction between ‘we’ group and ‘they’ groups according to categorization, discrimination based on prejudice and stereotypes, and hatred due to contemptuous attitudes were sequentially developed. And it was found that the division and discrimination were represented and reproduced through the discourse at the macro-level of society, and the hate was represented through the discourse at the micro-level.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical overview of the discourse-analytic studies in Korean sociolinguistics, mainly analyzing articles published in The Sociolingustic Journal of Korea. To achieve this goal, this article discusses definitions of ‘discourse’ and ‘discourse analysis’, and approaches to discourse. The examination of the articles in the journal shows that major studies in Korean sociolinguistics can be summarized as in the following: (i) functional approaches to language and discourse markers, (ii) conversation analysis and interactional linguistics, (iv) media discourse and critical discourse analysis, (v) analysis of public speeches and advertisements, (vi) electronic discourse (internet and SNS discourse), among others. This overview shows that discourse-analytic studies in Korean linguistics have focused on certain specific topics such as discourse markers, conversation-analytic studies, critical discourse studies, and electronic discourse, differing in topics from sociolinguistic studies in American and other societies. This overview suggests that more sociolinguistic studies need to be carried out in the fields such as intercultural communication, electronic discourse, and gender-based discourse as further research topics in Korean sociolinguistics.

In this study, a researcher transcribed Korean negation sentences presented on four episodes of the [Love of 7.7 Billion] and analyzed the discourses of foreign panel members by focusing on Korean negation sentences. The aims of this study are to (1) analyze types and accuracy of Korean negation sentences in foreign panel members’ discourse and (2) present pedagogical implications for efficient Korean education on negation sentences. This study was launched as an attempt to analyze how correctly and variously foreign panel members in the program use Korean negation sentences in their discourse. Since discourse is closely related to the ordinary life of humans, discourses which appeared on the [Love of 7.7 Billion] would be suitable data to analyze since it is a discussion-based program. Therefore, discourse is useful from a pedagogical standpoint to look into the Korean language proficiency of them. Through discourse analysis, several implications were found. (1) foreign panels tended to use short negation sentences rather than long negation sentences; (2) panels’ use of Korean negation sentences was not various; (3) panels divided Korean negation sentences into often-used negation sentences and rarely-used negation sentences; (4) the use of negative polarity was not found that much.

This paper aims to use a critical discourse analysis (CDA) to analyze types of online news headlines about COVID-19 on cruise ship, the Diamond Princess, and to identify different traits between conservative newspapers and progressive ones. 480 articles were collected from five major news outlets in Korea: Chosun Ilbo, Joongang Ilbo, Donga Ilbo, Hankyoreh, and Kyunghyang Shinmun. The results show that the headlines tend to contain negative or extreme vocabulary and to employ quotes from experts or even from unknown sources in order to criticize Japan and blame the Japanese government for their way of dealing with the situation. In the case of differences between politically biased sources, it was found that the conservative media inclines toward framing negative images of the Japanese government by publishing more articles than the progressive media and by using numbers and statistics to clearly describe the surge of infected people on the ship. They also published more articles than the progressive media about Korea's actions to bring Koreans back home from the ship, framing positive images about the Korean government. As can be seen, the online news headlines are politically biased and manipulatively framed, so readers' discretion is necessary.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of social factors on the use of honorific language by discourse completion test. Participants complete a short discourse by filling in their responses in conversations that may occur in families, schools, and workplaces where the social status and solidarity of the listener is predetermined. Honorific styles of sentence endings of their responses are analyzed by the generalized linear mixed model. The results show that social status and solidarity are statistically significant factors in the use of honorific styles, but their effects are dependent on the discourse situation. The ratio of using honorific styles gradually increases as the formality of situation increases (i.e., family < school < workplace). Interestingly, when the solidarity is low at the workplace, the ratio of using honorific styles is consistently high regardless of the social status of the listener. These results show that the use of Korean honorific styles is pragmatically changing according to the discourse situation.

본 연구의 목적은 초급 한국어 교실 담화에서 교사가 사용하는 유형별 맞장구 양상을 살펴보는 것이다. 연구 내용을 정리하면 첫째, 교실 담화 속 교사의 언어적 맞장구를 담화표지(기본형, 긍정형, 전환형), 반복 및 대용표현(반복형, 대용형), 감정표현(놀람형, 아쉬움형, 기쁨형, 실망형)으로 나눈 후 사용 빈도와 기능을 알아보았다. 둘째, 가장 자주 사용된 것은 기본형과 반복형이었다. 기본형은 하강조의 ‘아’, ‘어’, ‘음’ 등으로 학습자의 선행 발화에 대한 경청과 동의를 표현했고 반복형은 상승조일 때는 학습자의 발화에 오류가 있음을, 하강조일 때는 학습자의 발화가 성공했음을 나타내는 기능을 했다. 셋째, 자칫 감정적인 오해를 살 수 있는 감정표현 맞장구는 거의 사용 되지 않았다. 본 연구는 녹음 자료를 바탕으로 해 비언어적 맞장구를 풍부하게 추출해내지 못했다는 한계점을 가지고 있지만 교실 담화에서 교사가 다양한 유형의 맞장구를 유의미하게 사용하고 있음을 알려 준데 의의가 있다.

이 연구는 대화분석의 연구 주제 중에서 인접쌍을 중심으로 초급 한국어 교실 담화에서 이루어지는 대화쌍의 양상을 파악하고자 한다. 실제 수업을 바탕으로 녹음과 전사체제를 통해 교사와 학습자의 교실담화를 분석하여 인접쌍을 이루는 대화 양상을 분석하고, 한국어 수업에서 이루어지는 교사와 학습자의 상호작용의 양상을 알아 보았다. 분석 결과 교실 담화에 나타난 다양한 인접쌍의 유형은 교실 현장에서 개별 문장이 아닌 순서의 교대에 의한 주고받는 말의 연습으로 진행된다는 것으로 볼 때 인접쌍을 중심으로 교실 담화를 분석하는 것은 교육적 적용에 기여하는 바가 높을 것으로 기대된다. 그리고 분석 결과를 토대로 교수자가 교수-학습 자료로 활용할 수 있고 초급 한국어 수업 모형을 제시할 때도 중요한 자료가 될 것으로 판단된다.

Kim, Serom. 2018. “A Confrontational Discourse Marker I don't know”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 26(1). 83~109. The literal meaning of I don't know (hereafter IDN) references the speaker's insufficient knowledge about the topic at hand. However, in social interaction, speakers strategically use IDN in non-literal way to accomplish specific interactional goals. Preceding studies have mainly focused on analyzing the ‘avoiding functions’ of IDN in terms of how interactants use it to avoid disagreement or downgrade face-threatening acts. Little attention has been given to addressing the question of how IDN, as a discourse marker, is used in institutional contexts, particularly in news interviews where it is frequently used in responding turns. To address this lacuna, this study, from a conversation-analytic perspective, aims to analyze the interactional functions of IDN in political news interviews. The findings suggest that the confrontational functions of IDN are recurrently observed in the way the interviewee challenges the adversarial nature of questions or confronts the interviewer. In this respect, I propose four functional categories of IDN in regard to the interactional imports it has as a responsive uptake of the interviewer's questions: to confront the interviewer, to resist the terms and agendas of the questions, to disconfirm presuppositions, and to avoid aligning with preference favored by the design of the questions. Implications of the findings are noted with reference to their relevance to future research that approaches IDN as a discourse marker.

This paper discusses the grammatical categories of tense-aspect expressions at a discourse level and how discourse dimensions should be connected with discourse functions. Among many tense-aspect expressions, the paper focuses on the forms ‘-ess-’ and ‘-essess-’, which are complex in a sense that they depict both tense and aspect. The results show that ‘-ess-’ has a total of five discourse functions: ‘statement of past situation,’ ‘reminiscence of past situation,’ ‘objectification of present situation,’ ‘present validation of default result’ and ‘realization of hypothetical result.’ Moreover, ‘-essess-’ represents ‘order of past situations’ and ‘present invalidation of default results.’ Also these discourse functions are related to the discourse elements of ‘topic, information, and speaker.’ The findings of this study explain the characteristics of the discourse function relevant to discourse elements. Ultimately, discourse research on tense-aspect expressions in Korean language education enables understanding of the utterance intention of Korean speakers using tense-aspect grammar. And it provides learners with the basis of using Korean correctly and appropriately.

Lee, Jee Won. 2017. “The Use and Discourse-Pragmatic Function of wo buzhidao in Naturally Occurring Mandarin Chinese Conversation”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 25(1). 167~192. This study investigates several aspects of Chinese (wo) buzhidao using both qualitative and quantitative methods, including its distributional properties and discourse-pragmatic functions in conversational contexts. This study has found that (wo) buzhidao occurs in conversational environments other than in reply to information questions and carries more interactive and social implications than had been previously proposed by previous studies. First, (wo) buzhidao marks the speaker’s uncertainty and concerns about the truth of the proposition expressed. Second, (wo) buzhidao constructs the speaker’s neutral position by disattending opinions, assessments, or troubles. Third, (wo) buzhidao avoids an explicit disagreement. The use of (wo) buzhidao as a stance marker allows the speaker to convey his/her consideration for the hearer’s face, and it can help to achieve a range of interactional goals. Native speakers of Mandarin Chinese employ (wo) buzhidao in conjunction with other interactive strategies to organize their speech via their recipient enabling mutual intersubjectivity.

Bhark Gwang-gyu. 2016. “A Study on Singaporean's Discourse Markers: The case of hor, meh, lah”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 24(1). 115~147. This study aims to show the characteristic and use aspect of Singaporean's discourse markers such as ‘hor, mah, lah'. This study analyzes features in each type based on gender, generation, occupation, religion, race, educational background through an internet questionnaire survey. The conclusion is presented below. First, Singaporean's discourse markers are used at end of the sentences. Second, Singaporean's discourse markers and Chinese discourse marker(‘哈[ha]’) are used not only oral conversation but also in written conversation. Third, the ‘哈[ha]’ which lexicon is used as discourse marker by chinese in china is grammatized. Forth, There are not much differences based on occupation, race, educational background in the use of discourse makers. However women use discourse markers more than men and young generation use discourse markers more than old generation. Also the buddhist were found to use discourse markers more than the christian and the Roman catholic.