This paper analyzes the diachronic change of complement form from the that-clause into the to- infinitive clause, which is headed by a deontic predicative adjective. The rise of to-infinitive clauses and the decline of that-clauses from ME seemed to be caused by analogy and assimilation between verbal and adjectival mandative constructions. The analogical change was triggered by language internal factors such as the loss of inflections, word order reanalysis and the development of control construction as well as the principle of event integration and clause union, complexity principle and accessibility theory. In the deontic adjectival complement clause, the toinfinitive clause has been keeping roughly 3:1 to the that-clause from ModE up to PDE. In addition, adjectival complements with to-infinitives have shown less abrupt and more constrained than verbal complements with to-infinitives. Such developmental process is related to the constraint on the syntactic operation that substitutes to-infinitive clauses for that-clauses. In fact, the that-clause could be changed into the to-infinitive clause only if the thatclause functions as a logical subject in the deontic adjectival complement clause. Futhermore, deontic adjectives can't be merged with an animate subject since predicative adjectives of this type don't connote subject-oriented activity.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of light controls and leaf mold on root growth and physiological responses of Atractylodes japonica growing in forest farming. The experiment was performed by light controls (100%, 62.5%, 40.3% and 19.7% of full sunlight) and application of leaf mold to soil. Height, stem diameter, number of flower buds and root collar diameter were the highest in leaf mold within 62.5% of full sunlight (relative light intensity 62.5%). And these were the higher in leaf mold within each light level. As the shading level increased, light saturation point and maximum photosynthesis rate decreased. As the light level decreased, SPAD value increased in control and leaf mold. As a result of surveying the whole experiment, A. japonica was judged worse root growth under the lower light level. It was concluded that the light level was one of the most important factors to produce A. japonica. Also, producing high-quality of A. japonica with the price competitiveness by using leaf mold like the experiment can be an effective way to increase incomes for farmers.

In the OE absolute participial clause, its subject was usually realized as inherent dative case in the CP‐oriented and focalized element‐prominent structure. During between LME and EModE, dative absolutes were changed into nominative absolutes, which was derived by the reanalysis of SOV as SVO and the change from the OE structure into the TPoriented and subject‐prominent structure. But nominative absolutes were substituted with accusative absolutes from LModE. Such a change as this was triggered by analogy and assimilation with verbal gerunds that became grammaticalized as C-fin-T+def in their internal structures. Nominal gerunds in OE and EME began to acquire verbal properties from LME and onwards. Verbal gerunds in PDE are composed of mixed projections [＋N,＋V] with functional category Gerund Phrase. The [＋N]‐feature selects a gerund's logical subject and the [＋V]‐feature licenses its verbal complement. The Gerund as functional head bears both an uninterpretable verbal feature [uV] that is checked against the interpretable feature of a verbal complement and an interpretable nominal feature [iN] that guarantees a gerund's logical subject. As for the case identification of a gerund's logical subject, it is spelled out either as genitive at the DP level when it is selected as the genitive form morphologically or as accusative when EPP attracts a nominal element as a clausal gerund's logical subject onto the CP-fin-TP+def level where the [FinP nonfiniteness] renders a default case feature to be accusative.

Korean has a special kind of relative construction in which the head noun surfaces clause-internally. In that sense, the construction is called internally headed relative clause (IHRC or head internal relative clause HIRC). The IHRC is peculiar in that it has the shape of the complement clause of a factive predicate but is used as the complement of a non-factive predicate referring to its posited head. As the IHRC is not a phenomenon uniquely observed in Korean, much work has been devoted to finding its nature in many languages, and fruitful results have been presented. As for Korean IHRCs in particular, our special interest is in Chung’s (1996, 1999) analysis, in which IHRCs are treated as non-relative clauses. In this paper, I try to come up with an analysis that supports this idea but treats the construction in question in a slightly different way.

본 연구에서는 전립샘암 환자에게 방사선 치료법인 3차원 입체조형법과 세기조절치료법을 각각 적용 할 경우 선량분포의 차이를 관찰하여 치료기법의 우수성을 평가하고자 하였다. 실험대상자 10명의 컴퓨터 단층 모의치료영상을 얻어 종양학과 전문의가 종양용적 및 정상장기를 구분하고 종양용적에 흡수선량을 80 Gy로 설정한 후 각각 다른 치료계획을 수립하였다. 그 결과 선량분포윤곽은 세기조절치료법이 우수 하였고 종양조직의 흡수선량은 세기조절치료법이처방선량에 근접(100.2%)하였으며 정상조직 흡수율(방광, 직장, 소장, 좌·우 대퇴골두) 또한 우수하였다. 즉, 전립샘암의 방사선 치료시 세기조절방사선치료가 입체조형치료법보다 선량적인 면에서 양호한 것으로 분석되었다.

국내에 분포하는 대사초절에 속하는 3분류군의 외부형태형질을 분석하고 분자계통학적 연구를 수행하여 이들 간의 유연관계를 밝혔다. 대사초절 내의 기본종인 대사초의 외부형태학 특징을 재검토하여 기존 문헌과의 차이를 파악하였으며, 식물상 문헌 및 표본을 통해 국내 분포도를 작성하였다. 문헌에 언급된 형질들 중에서 잎의 형태는 생육지 조건에 따라 변이가 심하였지만, 지하경 생장 양상, 잎과 과낭의 털의 존재 등은 종수준에서 구분하는데 좋은 형질이었다. 분자계통학적 연구에서 털대사초는 독립된 종으로 처리되는 것을 지지하였다.

본 연구에서는 중국어권 학습자들이 한국어의 주격 관계절과 목적격 관계절 중에서 어떤 유형의 관계절을 좀 더 잘 습득하는지 알아보기 위해 학습자의 관계절에 대한 이해 능력과 산출 능력을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 두 관계절 유형의 습득 위계를 세우고, 나아가 두 관계절의 하위 유형의 습득 위계 또한 알아보았다. 그 결과 중국인 학습자의 관계절 습득 위계는 ‘주격 관계절 > 목적격 관계절’로 나타났다. 즉, 주격 관계절을 목적격 관계절보다 더욱 잘 이해하고 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 두 관계절의 세부 유형 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 습득 차이가 나타나지 않아 세부유형간의 습득 위계를 세울 수 없었다.

The purpose of the study is to explore whether input enhancement as a subtype of FonF can be proven feasible and productive as part of normal classroom work and whether it can assist in learners` long-term progress in English. 80 freshmen who enrolled general English at a Korean university were divided into an experimental group and a control group and read the text in one of two conditions: no enhancement, relative-clause enhancement. The results demonstrated the translation task scores obviously showed the effect of input enhancement. The enhanced text of relative-clause led to learning relative-clause as a target linguistic structure. Second, the effect of relative-clause enhancement text was significant on reading comprehension test as well as on translation task. The interesting result was that the effects on relative-clause learning and reading comprehension were retained in the follow-up posttest conducted four weeks later. The study proposed that learners` linguistic developmental system have been affected by the enhanced relative-clause text generated by learners` need and that their interlanguage system be reconstructed.

해양 심층수염과 천일염을 이용하여 무를 절임할 경우 수축율, 염도, 물성의 특성 변화를 관찰하였다. 해양 심층수염을 가지고 무를 절임할 경우 품질 변화를 살펴본 결과 수축률은 절임 8시간 이후에 해양심층수염으로 절임한 경우가 천일염으로 절임한 경우보다 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 해양심층수염이 천일염보다 더 높은 염도를 나타내며 절임 되었다. 젤리강도는 절임시간이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 절임 염도가 높을수록 젤리강도는 낮아지는 경향을 나