Hydroxyapatite(HA) has been widely used as bone substitutes to rehabilitate bone loss area by new bone formation. But there were some problem of bone formation around HAs due to a little space between HAs embedded in bone loss area. The purpose of this study was to observe morphologically new bone formation around HAs mixed with PLGA block (5.5㎜ in diameter, 4 mm in depth) in Newzealand white rabbit tibia. Before 1 week of sacrification, Alizarin red was injected intraperitoneally into rabbit. At 3 day, 1, 2, 4, 10, 18, 32 weeks, bones with HA as control group(CG)and HA mixed with PLGA block as experimental group (EG)were fixed with 10 % neutral formalin, dehydrated, and embedded with Spurr low viscosity resin. After the specimens were cut by 500 ㎛ with slow diamond wheel saw, these were coated with carbon and examined by REM, LSM and qualifative analysis of calcium and phosphorous deposition were done with EPMA. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Both group showed scattered HA around compact bone under REM and little AZ labelled bone under LSM at 3 days. 2. Both group showed active AZ labelled bone, while EG showed higher Ca(calcium) and P(phosphate) deposition than that of CG at 1 wk. 3. There was decreased AZ labelled bone of both group under LSM. REM of EG showed HA associated with new bone from compact bone, while EPMA features showed similar to Ca and P deposition at 1 wk and EG showed higher than that of CG. 4. REM features of both group showed resorbed HA associated with new bone. There was decreased AZ labelled bone of both group under LSM. EPMA features showed higher Ca and P deposition at 4 wks than that of 2 wks. 5. New bone of both group was well demarcated from compact bone under REM at 10 wks. LSM features showed various AZ labelled bone, but weak AZ labelled than that of CG. 6. LSM features of 14 wks showed discontinuous AZ labelled on osteon formation. EPMA of both group showed increased Ca deposition, while there was higher Ca deposition of EG and similar P deposition to CG. 7. REM featureless of 18 wks in EG showed similar gray color to compact bone. LSM features showed osteon formation with little concentric lamellars. EPMA of both group showed increased Ca deposition, while there was higher Ca and P deposition of EG. 8. New bone was ill demarcated from compact bone and increased otseon formation of REM features at 32 wks. There was little AZ labelled bone. EPMA features showed higher Ca and P deposition of EG than that of compact bone. From the aboving results, there was early active AZ labelled bone of both group within 1-2 weeks and since 18 weeks new bone with active osteon formation was poorly demarcated from compact bone. Calcium deposition of EG was early increased than that of CG deposition since 4 weeks after experiments. It was suggested that EG showed active and rapid new bone formation and similar bone mineralization of compact bone

NDF의 철분결합력은 37.8∼85.5% 였고 아연결합력은 8.1∼25.5%로 모든 채소에서 아연보다 철분이 더 많이 결합했다. NDF의 무기질(철분, 아연) 결합력은 pH가 증가함에 따라 증가했으며 pH 7에서 최대값을 나타내었다. NDF에 결합된 무기질(철분, 아연)의 양은 무기질 농도가 증가함에 따라 증가했으며 농도에 따른 증가폭은 채소종류에 따라 다양했다. 본 실험결과 한국인 상용 채소의 NDF가 철분 및 아연과 결합하며 채소의 종류에 따라 무기질 결합력에 상당한 차이가 있다는 것을 알았다. 한국에서 모든 부식의 양념 재료로 쓰이는 마늘과 파는 무기질 결합력이 다른 채소들에 비해 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 모든 채소의 NDF는 아연보다 철분과 3∼4배 더 많이 결합했으므로 특히 철분과의 결합력이 높은 채소들을 다량 섭취랄 경우철분의 흡수 문제를 고려해야 할 것이다. 한편 NDF의 철분 및 아연과의 결합력은 이들 무기질의 농도를 증가시킬수록 계속 증가하였는데 본 실험에 사용된 식이섬유와 무기질의 농도 비율범위는 한국인의 섭취량에 기준을 두고 설정된 것으로, 본 실험결과 무기질의 농도를 증가시켜도 무기질 흡수를 저해하는 식이섬유의 작용이 감소되지 않고 오히려 증가했으므로 체내에서의 무기질 이용률을 고려해 볼 때 할 실험에 사용된 식이섬유와 무기질의 농도비율 범위에서는 철분과 아연의 급원이 되는 식품을 한번에 다량 섭취하는 것보다는 소량씩 자주 섭취하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다. 특히 철의 경우 그 항상성은 배설능력의 제한성에 의해 소장의 흡수정도로써 조절되므로 철 흡수이용의 장해인자인 섬유소의 작용은 중요하며 개발도상국을 비롯한 전세계 20% 이상의 인구가 Fe결핍성 빈혈상태이고^8) 특히 서구 선진국들의 섬유소 섭취량의 3∼4배 이상 섭취하는 한국인들의 Fe섭취 형태가 90%이상 식물성 식품에서 얻는다는 보고^30)들을 볼 때 채소 식이섬유의 철분결합은 빈혈질환의 원인분석의 일환으로 중요하리라 생각된다

Orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.) hays, which had been harvested in different seasons and grown with different levels of potassium (K)fertilizer, were fed to foats in metabolic cages in order to know the effect forage mineral content on mineral balance

We analysed 398 kinds of processed foods sold on market - 43 kinds of ramyun, 67 kinds of bread, 104 kinds of cookies, 5 kinds of pizza, 28 kinds of sausage, 31 kinds of steamed fish cake, 4 kinds of tomato ketchup, 30 kinds of canned goods, 82 kinds of beverage and 4 kinds of danmoogi - to know mineral content such as P, Ca, Mg, Na and K. We used atomic absorption spectrophotometry for this study and the results were as follows; 1) P content was 204.24㎎% in sausages, 101.80㎎% in pizza, 67㎎% in canned fish, 44.50㎎% in canned vegetable, 38.62㎎% in ramyun and 32.10㎎% in steamed fish cake. Sausage had the highest P content showing almost 6 times as much as steamed fish cake. There was little difference between ramyun and steamed fish cake. 2) Ca content was 115.00㎎% in pizza, 106.94㎎% in steamed fish cake, 100.59㎎% in sausage, 91.25㎎% in canned vegetable, 79.84㎎% in bread and 78.97㎎% in ramyun. 3) Mg content was 555.16㎎% in steamed fish cake, 476.14㎎% in cookies, 436.75㎎% in ketchup, 394.00㎎% in canned vegetable, 346.95㎎% in ramyun and 341.40㎎% in canned fish. Steamed fish cake was highest in Mg content and there was little difference between ramyun and canned fish. 4) Na content was 730.49㎎% in ramyun, 680.25㎎% in danmoogi, 548.43㎎% sausage, 463.50㎎% in canned vegetable, 449.25㎎% in ketchup, 401.29㎎% in steamed fish cake and 366.00㎎% in pizza. Ramyun had the highest Na content. 5) K content was 302.30㎎% in pizza, 280.25㎎% in ketchup, 219.68㎎% in sausage, 219.2㎎% in canned fish, 183.75㎎% in canned vegetable, 166.49㎎% in ramyun and 122.77㎎% in cookies. Pizza had the highest K content.

Concentrations of major minerals(Ca, P, Na, K, Mg) and trace elements(Fe, Zn) were measured in human milk samples collected from 19 selected, healthy lactating women at 2∼5 days, and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks postpartum. Decreases in the contents of major minerals and trace elements were found with the increase of time postpartum. Mean Ca contents of 2∼5 days, 4 week, 8 week and 12 week in human milk were 243.02±50.90㎍/㎖, 295.0±65.70㎍/㎖, 295.0±41.50㎍/㎖, 349.90±83.50㎍/㎖, respectively. And mean P contents of 2∼5 days, 4 week, 8 week and 12 week in human milk were 134.70± 49.40㎍/㎖, 134.90±19.70㎍/㎖, 117.60±18.90㎍/㎖, 130.60±28.20㎍/㎖, respectively. Ca/P of them were 1.81, 2.19, 2.20, 2.68, respectively. Mean Mg contents of them were 22.30±5.60㎍/㎖, 25.70±3.70㎍/㎖, 25.10±3.60㎍/㎖, 32.10±4.50㎍/㎖, respectively. And mean Na contents of them were 171.20±90.50㎍/㎖, 158.70±47.00㎍/㎖, 104.50±24.70㎍/㎖, 115.90±12.50㎍/㎖, respectively. Mean K contents of them were 506.10±156.10㎍/㎖, 520.90±55. 00㎍/㎖, 370.10±29.00㎍/㎖, 468.40±75.70㎍/㎖, respectively. Na/K of them were 0.34, 0.30, 0.28, 0.25, respectively. Mean Fe contents of them were 2.80±1.80㎍/㎖, 2.70±0.40 ㎍/㎖, 2.60±0.40㎍/㎖, 2.10±0.10㎍/㎖, respectively. And mean Zn contents of them were 3.70±1.60㎍/㎖, 2.78±9.70㎍/㎖, 2.70±0.70㎍/㎖, 2.30±0.20㎍/㎖, respectively. These determinations will provide the basic information on the variability of major minerals and trace elements as lactation proceeds and on the composition of components between term and preterm milk.

한국의 김치와 일본의 지물(漬物), 그리고 한일양국의 젓갈류는 공통(共通)의 전통식품이다. 이들 식품을 식품학적 관점에서 비교, 검토하는 것은 한일양국간의 식문화의 공통성과 상위성 그리고 독자성을 파악하는데 중요하다고 보아 금번 이들 전통식품의 무기질을 분석, 비교 검토했다. 1. 한국의 김치 중의 식염농도는 1.8%이고 일본지물(日本漬物)는 1.8~5.3%(저농도 조미지물(漬物) : 2.8%, 일본산김치 : 1.8%, 간장지물(漬物) : 5.3%)이다. 2. 김치의 Na/K치는 1.7이고 지물(漬物)의 Na/K치는 2.6~27.3(저조미농도지물(漬物) : 4.6, 일본산김치 : 2.6, 간장지물(漬物) : 27.3)이다. 3. 김치는 지물(漬物)보다 식염이 적고 Na/K치가 낮으므로 고혈압의 원인이 되는 식품으로 볼 수 없는 것으로 사려된다. 4. 김치 중의 K, Ca, Mg는 지물(漬物)보다 현저하게 높다. 5. 김치 중에는 어개류를 통해 들어온 Ca량(量)이 높고 지물(漬物)에는 식물성식품에 의한 Ca이 들어 있다. 6. 한국의 젓갈은 일본에 비해 식염과 Na양이 많고 Na/K치도 높다. 이상의 결과에서 양국간에 유사성이 보이는 김치와 지물(漬物)에서 그 재료와 식습관상의 차이점이 나타났고 김치는 다양한 식품이 혼합되어 복합적인 맛을 내나 일본은 단순, 단백한 맛을 기호하는 각각(各各)의 특징이 보이고 있다.

General components, amino acids and minerals contained in 7 kind of edible wild grasses were estimated. Samples were collected from the field of Kapyong area, Kyung-ki, Korea. Results of the estimation were summarized as follows ; 1) A relatively large amounts of protein and fat were contained in the edible parts of each sample. 2) The most abundant amino acids in the edible parts of each sample were glutamic acid (26.6%), serine (18.7%), valine (22.4%), respectively. 3) A high level of calcium and iron was found in the edible parts of each samples. Especially calcium was abundant in the leaves of Rumex coreanus Nakai and iron was abundant in the Commelina communis L. Both copper and zinc were abundant in the Sanguisorba officinalis L.

This study was carried out to comparison of the contents of general and mineral components between the original sample and water extract in each part of omija. The content of Carbohydrate was highest in endocarps, and that the crude protein and crude lipid in seeds. The contents of K and Mn in the fruits, endocarps, and seeds were all higher than those of the other cations. The content of K and Zn in endocarps were three to four times as much as those of seeds. and the content of Na, Ca, and Cu in endocarps were 1.5 to 1.75 times of seeds. Mineral contents by water extract in each part were ordered as K, Mg, Ca, and Fe. As the percentage of each ion in water extract on the basis of original sample, Fe was the highest ratio of behavior, and Mn was lowest.

화재시 콘크리트 구조물의 노출 온도를 판단하여 화재 피해 범위를 신속하게 판단할 수 있는 무기질 변온색소를 포함한 시멘트의 개발을 목적으로 한다. 400℃의 온도에 노출된 콘크리트는 물리·화학적 변화에 의해 내구성과 내하력이 감소한다. 따라서 400℃ 온도에 노출 유무를 확인하기 위해 400℃의 온도에서 보라색에서 흰색으로 변하는 망간바이롤렛 변온색소를 사용하여 무기질 시멘트를 제조하였다. 제조된 시멘트는 400℃에서 색상의 변화와 함께 30분과 60분 이상의 노출시간도 판단할 수 있는 특징을 나타내었다.

This study investigates the coating deterioration of water-borne inorganic zine under marine environment. In order to evaluate the corrosion environment at installed site, the corrosion currents were measured by atmospheric corrosion monitoring(ACM) sensor. The deterioration grade of water-borne inorganic zine was investigated by visual inspection method depending on ASTM D610. The deterioration grade of structural member was compared based on corrosion environment such as wet time, amount of deposited salt etc.

In this study, the use of natural raw material and an inorganic binder such as vermiculite, perlite board prepared by using the inorganic was to prepare a switchboard casing. The characteristics of the basic physical properties such as compression strength of a board made of the inorganic material to the pre-study evaluation therefor.

콘크리트 구조물의 내구성을 향상하기 위해 개발된 통기성이 개선된 나노합성 폴리머 표면처리제를 도포한 콘크리트의 내구성향 상 효과를 평가하기 위해 내부 구조와 공극량을 측정하였으며, 염분침투, 탄산화, 동결융해 및 화학적 침식 저항성에 대한 실험을 진행하여 기 존 표면처리제와 비교․분석하였다. 공극량과 내부 구조를 측정한 결과, 나노합성 폴리머 표면처리제를 도포한 콘크리트는 0.3㎛ 이상의 공극과 0.1㎛ 이하의 공극영역에서 세공량이 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 전자현미경을 통한 촬영된 내부는 수화조직에 의해 치밀함을 보였다. 나노합 성 폴리머 표면처리제를 도포한 콘크리트의 염분침투 깊이는 무도포 콘크리트에 비해 약 92% 이상, 수성 에폭시 표면처리제를 도포한 콘크리 트보다도 약 70% 이상 감소하였다. 이는 탄산화, 동결융해 및 화학적 침식 저항성 실험에서도 비슷하게 나타났다. 특히 황산 5% 수용액에 침지 실험한 화학적 침식 저항성 실험에서는 침지 12일 이후 무도포 콘크리트와 수성 에폭시 표면처리제를 도포한 콘크리트에서 -4%의 중량감소를 보였지만, 나노합성 폴리머 표면처리제를 도포한 콘크리트는 -1.7%의 중량감소율을 보였으며, Tsivilis et al.에 의한 외관등급 조사법에서도 우 수한 결과를 보였다.