A new display device is required, which has concepts of flatness and slimness. FED can be one of the solutions. When we use flat panel, we can save the raw material and reduce the production time by eliminating the printing process, drying process, and wa

Therapeutic ultrasound is commonly applied for deep heating in physical therapy setting. However, it is difficult to determine the exact application dosage and to confirm the immediate heating effect. Microwave Radio-Thermometer (MRT) can measure the temperature by the electromagnetic energy in the microwave region of the object that emits above absolute zero temperature. MRT was used for early diagnosis of breast cancer since it was not harmful, non-invasive, and non-ionizing to the human body. The purposes of this study were to investigate how accurately 1.1 GHz RTM (RES Ltd. Russia) measures the change of average temperature in the tissue, and to determine the depth of temperature change measurement. Therapeutic ultrasound was applied (continuous wave for 5 minutes, 1 MHz, intensity of 1.5 [in vitro] and 1.0 [in vivo]) in four different conditions: (1) 30 cases of in vitro specimen of pork, (2) 30 cases of in vitro specimen of pork ankle joint, (3) 10 cases of in vivo canine thigh, and (4) 30 cases of in vivo human body. Intraclass Correlation Coeffients (ICC[3,1]) between average needle probe thermometer below surface and MRT temperature was revealed as followed: (1) Before ultrasound application ICCs ranges above .8 in specimen of pork (15 mm underneath the skin) and above .82 in specimen of pork ankle joint (10~30 mm underneath the skin). (2) After ultrasound application ICCs ranges above .7 in both specimens of pork and pork ankle joint. (3) Before ultrasound application ICCs ranges above .8 in canine thigh (20 mm underneath the skin). (4) After ultrasound application ICCs ranges above .82 in canine thigh. The temperature of the human body increased significantly with the mean of in muscle tissue and with the mean of in joint (p<.00). It was revealed that the average depth of temperature measurement of the tissue by MRT was in between 10 and 35 mm, and determined that the proper temperature measurement band was .

A new display device development using CRT and CDT technology is required, which has concepts of flatness and slimness. Screen printing technology can be one of the solutions. In this case, good panel flatness is the precondition. Therefor, we did process capability analysis of panel flatness and regression analysis between panel flatness and BM(black matrix) position by experiments.

이 연구의 목적은 기존의 학생들이 가지고 있던 기존이론과 일치하지 않는 공룡의 멸종 관련 불일치자료에 대한 중학생의 반응유형을 조사, 분류하는 것이다. ‘공룡의 멸종원인’이라는 지구과학 소재를 이용해 기존이론과 불일치자료에 해당하는 자료지를 구성하였다. 불일치자료에 대한 학생들의 반응유형을 분석한 결과, 거부, 재해석, 판단불확실, 신뢰감소, 부분적 이론변화, 이론변화 등 6가지로 분류할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 불일치자료를 이용한 개념변화 학습에서 불일치자료의 제시로 반드시 개념변화가 이루어지는 것이 아님을 보여준다. 따라서 교사는 학생들이 불일치자료에 대해 다양한 반응을 나타낼 수 있음을 인식하고, 구체적인 교수전략을 구상하여 처치함으로써 학생들의 개념변화를 도울 수 있을 것이다.

목적: 본 연구는 건강 행동을 설명하기 위해 새롭게 떠오르고 있는 시간적 자기조절 이론에 대한 부분적인 검증으로, 운동 참여 정도에 따라 운동의 이득과 비용을 인지하는 시점에 차이가 있는지 확인하고 의도와 의도-행동 불일치에 있어서 조절효과를 나타내는 변인을 검증하는 것에 있다. 방법: 이를 위하여 단계적 변화모형의 운동 행동 변화 단계(Prochaska & Marcus, 1994)를 기준으로 계획, 준비, 행동, 유지 단계에 해당하는 20대 여성을 단계별로 25명씩 모집하여 총 100명을 대상으로 3가지 인지테스트를 실시하고 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 기술통계, 요인분석 및 신뢰도 분석, 상관관계 분석, 일원배치 분산 분석, 단순 회귀분석, 다중 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 첫째, 운동행동 단계와 관계없이 모든 집단에서 운동에 대한 비용을 이득 보다 먼저 인지하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 계획단계보다 유지단계에서 운동에 대한 이득을 인지하는 시점이 빨랐고, 이득과 비용을 인지하는 시간적 격차가 작은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 운동의도가 의도-행동 불일치에 유의 한 부(-)적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 의도가 높아질수록 의도-행동 불일치는 낮아지는 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 의도가 의도-행동 불일치에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 Stroop test의 불일치 조건 반응시간, Tower of London의 total move score 및 initial time이 조절 효과를 나타냈다. 넷째, 의도가 의도-행동 불일치에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 자기통제의 하위요인인 자제력과 집중력은 조절 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 결론: 본 연구는 시간적 자기조절 이론의 바탕이 되는 시간적 특성을 운동 단계에 따라 살펴보고, 자기 조절능력을 자기 통제의 개념과 구분하여 검증하였다는 것에 의의가 있다. 시간적 자기 조절이론이 건강 행동에 대한 설명력을 높이고 다양한 연 구 분야에서 유용성을 확장해 나가기 위해선 추후 이론을 구성하는 변인들에 대한 추가적인 검토가 함께 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

16세기 종교개혁 이후 근, 현대교회사에 해당하는 시기에 새로운 신학사 상체계가 수립되고 새로운 교회체제인 교파(교단)제도가 출현하게 되었다. 루터교, 성공회, 개혁교회, 침례교, 급진종교개혁세력등으로 대표되는 개신교는 저마다 교단의 정체성을 확립하는 과정에서 여러 신앙고백과 신학체계를 확립했고 교단의 운영체제인 감독정체, 장로정체, 회중정체등도 각 교파가 처한 여건과 상황속에서 발전시켜 나갔다. 한국교회사학회 창간이후, 지난 50년 동안 학회지에 실렸던 72편의 논문들은 각 교단 관련 신학과 교회정체, 그리고 일반적인 주제들(교회일치운동 포함)을 다루었다. 하지만 특정 주제가 차지하는 비중이 상당했으며 이에 주제의 다양성 확보와 보다 다양한 교단참여와 적절한 성비 비율을 위한 대책이 시급해 보였다.

Purpose - Present research aimed at identifying the effects of ambient pride type on judgement difference between existing preference and final preference formed after being exposed to the preference inconsistent information from others representing a conflict between consumer’s own perspective and the others’ perspective. And this study also explored the roles of empathic concerns and motive type in the ambient pride type’s effects on the judgement difference. Research design, data, and methodology - 2(information type: consistent versus inconsistent) × 2(pride type: hubristic versus authentic) between-subjects design was employed. Data for empirical analysis were from 252 undergraduate students who participated in questionnaire survey. To verify hypotheses, Anova and regression analysis were used. Results - First, there was the judgement difference among the experimental groups. The difference was greater at the authentic pride group than at the hubristic pride group. And the difference was greater at the inconsistent information group than at the consistent information group. The interaction effect of pride type and information type was significant. Second, when consumers who had made their preference were exposed to the inconsistent information from other, those of the hubristic pride group showed more defense motive and less empathic concerns than those of the authentic pride group. And there were the mediation roles of the empathic concerns and the interaction roles of the motive type in the effects of pride type on the judgement difference. Third, the self validity did not affect the difference even that become increased by defense motive rather than accuracy motive. Conclusions - This research could advance the information processing theory related to pride type by exploring the effects of the pride type on judgement difference between existing preference and final preference formed by the inconsistent information from others, and by identifying the mediation roles of the empathic concerns and the interaction roles of the motive type in the effects of the pride type. In view of the results from current study, marketers should make efforts of inducing defense motive and developing and communicating the consistent information to persuade consumers under hubristic pride who have the belief that attributes of their brand are better than those of the competitors’ brand, and they also should conduct marketing acts by using the inconsistent information to persuade consumers under authentic pride who have the belief that attributes of the competitors’ brand are better than those of their brand.

In the korean supreme court case in question, the fact needs to be reconsidered, that the prosecutor’s record containing the statement of witness that becomes the decisive evidence to prove the guilt was left out. Especially, even though the court judged that the chance of cross-examination was provided to the declarant of the record and there was no substantial violation of procedural rules, it could have assess the circumstantial guarantees of truthworthiness. Every issue will be absorbed into the principle of free evaluation of evidence, if the admissibility of the prosecutor’s record is not considered. It is so hard to completely agree with the argument of the dissenting opinion in which in case of inconsistent statements more weight of reliability must be placed on a court testimony. It is because it is clearly in violation of the principle of free evaluation of evidence to simply more rely on a court testimony in case of inconsistent statement. In light of the facts appearing in the case in question, it was possible to assess reliability of circumstances of statement separately from total consideration of reliability of evidences. Most of all, the witness’ statement before prosecutor should not have easily admitted when considering its’doubtful circumstances. Therefore, the courts, expecially the appellate court, should have closely examined the circumstances by having the persons related to the prosecutor’s interrogation take the stance. Because this process was left out, the requirement of the circumstantial guarantees of truthworthiness was not satisfied.

Chegyung Im. 2017. Word Formation and Merge of Korean Personal Pronouns Based on Feature Agreement Theory and Distributed Morphology. Studies in Modern Grammar 96, 23-50. Most of the previous studies on the personal pronouns in Korean have depended on the typological studies of English pronouns. I argue, in this study, that the recent theories of the Distributed Morphology and the Strongest Uniformity Hypothesis show the process of morphological formation of Korean pronouns and featural agreement in the process of their Merge. I also argue that the hyper structure of Speech Act Phrase is needed to license the computational process among the speaker, the hearer, and the arguments in the sentence.

Mijin Kang and Jungok Bae. 2017. Errors in Subject-Verb Agreement: The Case of Immersion-Based EFL Elementary School Students. Studies in Modern Grammar 95, 81-101. The present study investigates several syntactic structures in which subject-verb agreement errors occur. The study analyzed free writing samples written by 104 elementary school students enrolled in a partial English immersion school. In the writing samples, errors in the subject-verb agreement were found in the following categories: (a) subject + verb; (b) coordinated subjects + verb; (c) subject + coordinated verbs; and (d) expletive ‘there’ + ‘be’ verb. Errors in the ‘subject + verb’ structure with no modifying phrases in-between were the most prominent. The second most frequent errors were found in the ‘subject + coordinated verbs’ structure. The results provide useful implications for English teachers dealing with the persistent errors in the subject-verb agreement.

This article is based on the recent Supreme Court decision on Article 66–2 of the Industrial Safety and Health Act, which calls for the criminal responsibility of the employer in the event of a worker being killed or injured because of violation of the safety measure, I want to critically analyze some of the problems that appear. There was some comment on the judgment of the labor law in academia, and it was positively evaluated that the significance of the case was further on the position of the Supreme Court. And it is pointing out the problem of the law of the industrial safety health law itself. However, my judgment is that there is not a change in the judiciary that recognizes the nature of the employer as an employer in the case of the rise of the contractor’s worker, but because the employee of the laborer accidentally performed work supervision duties at the accident site, But only as an employer in the punishment rule, and as a result, the original company was punished, but it does not appear to be a judicial judgment with great significance. If the employees of the original company are not sent to the work site where there is a possibility of accidents in the future, the possibility of punishment by the original employer is still insufficient if they are supervised more poorly. However, in my judgment, the object of judgment is the inherent problem of the Industrial Safety and Health Act, namely, the listed list of the constitutional elements of the crime, which is appended to the end of the individual statute, a special penalty constitutional requirement called “administrative criminal law” The Court has not specifically pointed this point, but instead acknowledged the corporation’s liability on the basis of exceptional facts. Although the Court recognizes the inherent limitations of the judiciary which must be bound by the given laws and the scope of the indicted cases, the Court is also concerned with the legality of the law, It should be pointed out.

본 연구는 지류의 합류각, 지류와 본류의 유량비, 준설 깊이비의 변화에 따른 지류에서의 두부침식 양상과 합류부 이동상 하도에서의 분리구역의 특성을 분석하였다. 분리구역은 지류가 합류되어진 직후 단면에서의 유속이 0(영)인 구간으로 정의하였다. 준설 깊이에 따른 두부침식이 발생치 않은 범위를 제시하였다. 합류각, 유량비, 준설 깊이비 증가에 따른 두부침식 깊이비 및 천급점의 이동거리비는 전반적으로 증가하였으며, 천급점의 이동거리비의 관계식을 제시하였다. 이동상 하도에서의 유량비와 합류각 증가에 따른 분리구역의 길이비 및 폭비는 고정상 하도에서와 같은 양상으로 증가하였 다. 준설 깊이비 증가에 따른 분리구역의 길이비는 감소하고 폭비은 증가하여 형상지수는 크게 증가하여 통수단면의 감소로 배수위 현상이 기대된다. 고정상 하도와 이동상하도에서의 합류각, 유량비, 준설 깊이비에 따른 형상지수 관계식을 제안하였다.

According to the Simple Descriptive Rule of subject- verb agreement, the process of that in English can be described as singular subjects take singular verbs and plural subjects take plural verbs. Although this descriptive rule for subject-verb agreement looks simple, there are several prescriptive rules for the agreement such as form-based traditional rules, meaning-based principle of notional concord, principle of proximity, attraction, and other mechanical rules. Among them, the phenomenon of attraction denotes that when subject has the complex noun phrases, the verb tends to agree with another noun in its vicinity. The current study aims to examine the tendency of attraction with Korean learners of English; to investigate how this mechanism facilitates speakers' resolution of number mismatches and their number agreement processing during sentence production.

합류부에서의지류의합류각, 지류와본류의유량비에추가하여, 본류준설에의한하상고불일치에따른다양한양상의 분리구역의특성을CCHE2D 모형을사용하여분석하였다. 분리구역은지류가합류되어진직후단면에서의유속이0(영)인 경계로정의하였다. 합류각30° 이하에서는분리구역이형성되지않았다. 유량비와합류각증가에따른분리구역의크기는 일반적으로 증가하는 양상으로 나타났다. 준설 깊이비 증가에 따른 분리구역의 크기는 합류부 수용체의 증가에 기인한 지류에서의상대적인 운동량의감소로인하여감소되었다. 유량비와합류각의변화에따른분리구역의수축지수를규명하 였고, 통수기능의저하에따른배수영향을확인하였다. 합류각, 유량비, 준설깊이비에따른분리구역의형상지수의관계식 을 제안하였다.