This study aims to analyze the causality of placeness cognition which includes the place satisfaction, place attachment, place function, and behavioral intention of those who visit Suseong amusement park. A questionnaire survey was administered to 255 individuals who visited in Suseong amusement park. To conduct the analysis, six hypotheses were formulated and tested. While two hypotheses were statistically rejected, four hypotheses were accepted. First, place satisfaction was found to have a positive effect on place function (β=.577, p<0.001). Second, place attachment had a positive effect on behavioral intention (β=.450, p<0.001). Third, place function had a positive effect on behavioral intention (β=.247, p<0.05). Fourth, place function was found to have a positive effect on place attachment (β=.637, p<0.001). Unlike most existing research which has indicated that place satisfaction has a direct effect on behavioral intention this study suggests a that double mediating effect through place function and place attachment between place satisfaction and behavioral intention. In addition to increasing satisfaction through the environment of the Suseong Amusement Park, it is also necessary to improve the function of the place to ensure repeated visits from visitors.

The existential verb HABER and the locative verb ESTAR can be used to indicate the presence of a person or thing. But they are seldom interchangeable in Spanish. The subtle differences between these two words can completely change the meaning of a sentence. In concrete, the difference mentioned is that the verb HABER is used to indicate the mere existence of the person or thing. On the other hand, ESTAR is introduced to indicate the location of the person or thing. As a general rule, the locative verb ESTAR is permitted when a specific person or thing is referred to, however the existential verb HABER is used with nouns that can’t have a location. As a result, a noun preceded by a definite article, a demonstrative adjective or a possessive adjective normally would be introduced with the verb ESTAR. The locative verb ESTAR y the existential verb HABER can be used in situations where “to be” is used in English. So they’re usually confusing for students. In this paper, we have argued that the existential verb HABER is derived from the copulative structure. In this point of view, the locative verb ESTAR is defined by the spell-out of the event feature.

Visual place recognition is widely researched area in robotics, as it is one of the elemental requirements for autonomous navigation, simultaneous localization and mapping for mobile robots. However, place recognition in changing environment is a challenging problem since a same place look different according to the time, weather, and seasons. This paper presents a feature extraction method using a deep convolutional auto-encoder to recognize places under severe appearance changes. Given database and query image sequences from different environments, the convolutional auto-encoder is trained to predict the images of the desired environment. The training process is performed by minimizing the loss function between the predicted image and the desired image. After finishing the training process, the encoding part of the structure transforms an input image to a low dimensional latent representation, and it can be used as a condition-invariant feature for recognizing places in changing environment. Experiments were conducted to prove the effective of the proposed method, and the results showed that our method outperformed than existing methods.

본 연구의 목적은 직시 표현의 올바른 이해와 사용이 성공적인 의사소통에 도움이 된다는 전제로 출발하여 교사와 학습자의 직시 표현 사용 양상을 확인하기 위하여 한국어 교실에서 이루어진 발화 전사 자료를 분석하여 교사와 학습자의 직시 표현 사용 양상을 살펴보는 데 있다. 직시(deixis)란 한 개인이 발화를 할 때 그 발화의 맥락을 이루는 요소들을 직접적인 언어 표현으로 가리키는 현상을 말하며 가리키고 지시하는 데 사용하는 언어적 형태를 ‘직시 표현’이라고 한다. 직시 표현은 표면적인 의미뿐만 아니라 직시 표현이 사용되었을 때의 발화 상황과 맥락을 이해하여야만 최종적으로 가리키는 바가 무엇인지를 명확하게 알고 성공적인 의사소통을 수행할 수 있다. 본고에서는 인칭 직시 표현, 시간 직시 표현, 장소 직시 표현을 중심으로 그 사용 양상을 살펴보았다. 세 가지의 직시 표현 중에서 가장 빈번하게 사용된 것은 인칭 직시 표현으로 42%를 차지하였다. 다음으로 시간 직시 표현이 30%, 장소 직시 표현이 28%순으로 나타났다. 인칭 직시 표현에서 1인칭 복수로 사용되는 ‘우리’가 44%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 시간 직시 표현에서는 ‘지금’이 45%로 가장 높게 나타났으 며 장소 직시 표현에서는 ‘이, 이거, 이것’이 40%, ‘여기’가 33%로 높은 비율을 차지하였다. 한국어 교실에서 교사와 학습자의 발화 분석을 통해 직시 표현의 사용 양상을 확인할 수 있었다. 앞으로 직시 표현과 사회적 직시 표현을 포함한 직시 표현의 사용 양상과 직시 표현의 사용에서 나타나는 의사소통의 장애 요인, 효과적인 직시 표현의 사용 방안 등에 대한 연구와 분석이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

진주 월아산의 法輪寺와 靑谷寺는 寺格에서 조선 초기에 법륜사가 우월했으나 조선 중기에 접어들면서 차츰 변화가 일어나 청곡사가 우위에 서게 되었다. 이러한 변화의 주요한 요인은 사족들과의 인적 네트 워크에서 찾을 수 있다. 특히 牧隱 李穡과 愼齋 周世鵬 등은 조선 중기 진주지역 사족들의 청곡사에 대한 긍정적 인식, 청곡사의 사격 변화와 사세 유지·확장에 적지 않은 영향을 끼쳤던 인물이다. 청곡사의 사격이 높아지자 16세기 중반에 이르러 진주지역의 사족들도 그곳을 유람과 독서의 장소로서 자주 찾거나 머무는 장소로 삼았다. 이로써 청곡사는 지역 사족들의 다양한 경험이 매개된 장소로서 의미를 갖기 시작했다. 이들은 남명학파로 분류되는 지역의 이름난 사족 가문 출신이었다. 이는 1592년 10월 왜군에 의해 燒盡된 청곡사의 중창 불사가 비교적 빠른 1601년 겨울부터 시작될 수 있었던 사회·문화적 배경이었다. 浮査 成汝信과 鳳岡 趙㻩은 17세기 전반에 이루어진 청곡사의 중창 불사를 重建 記文으로 남겼다. 이는 청곡사 역사에서 남아 전하는 첫 문헌적 근거라는 점에서 의미가 적지 않다. 성여신의 ｢靑谷寺重建記｣ 와 조겸의 ｢靑谷僧堂記｣에 의하면 청곡사의 중창 불사는 1601년 겨울부터 시작되어 1624년에 1차, 1644년에 2차에 걸쳐 모두 70여 칸 이상의 전각이 완성되었으며, 이 절의 승려 性侃, 戒行, 克明, 道引, 宗修, 惠嚴 등이 주도하였다. 또 두 기문에는 청곡사의 寺勢를 엿볼 수 있는 내용이 구체적으로 나온다. 이러한 청곡사 중창의 시기에 진주지역 남명학파는 정치적 격변을 겪었다. 특히 서인정변 이후 진주지역 사족 집단은 정치적 측면에서 정체성의 혼란을 겪었다. 이 같은 때 성여신 등은 정치적 불안과 혼란에 대응하여 自靖하고 뒤이어 그들은 청곡사를 은거의 장소로 삼았다. 이는 1602년 이후 청곡사의 중창 불사로 인한 寺格과 寺勢의 변화가 초래한 공간적 요인만이 아니라 정치적 오해를 불식시킬 필요성과 무관하지 않다고 본다.

The object of this study is about ‘how a place make meaning to people’. This study starts with understanding internal mechanism of generative meaning through following a blog as a case study. With Greimassian perspective, meaning is not fixed but is being made through trajectory; deep structure, surface structure and discoursive structure. And this kind of hermeneutic approach can provide better understanding with in-depth insight. As a result of the study, 4 main key findings are summarized as follows. At first, there is smallest meaning (seme) in a form of semiotic square in deep structure. Secondly, there is a story that visitor wants to acquire the value of place. Thirdly, this narrative is found in behavior and words of visitor. Finally, meaning is in dynamic process and people participate in it where meaning is generated.

The aim of this study is to confirm the importance of a more immediate advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) through a comparative analysis of the results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the occurrence place of cardiac arrest in tertiary emergency department. The subjects were 493 patients who had received CPR in Chosun university, Emergency Medical Department, between April 2013 and March 2015. The subjects were categorized into three groups according to the occurrence place of cardiac arrest: pre-hospital, in-emergency room, and in-ward. We conducted a clinical analysis of the results. During the period, 493 cardiac arrest patients underwent CPR, 63 patients (12.8%) were discharged alive and 41 patients (8.3%) got a good score on the cerebral performance category (CPC). Concerned occurrence place of cardiac arrest, 11.3% (16 patients) of the in-emergency room group (total 288 patients) were discharged alive. Also, 9.4% (27 patients) of the In-emergency room group got a good score on the CPC. In the other two-group cases, 7.1% (10 patients) of pre-hospital group (total 141 patients) and 6,2% (4 patients) of in-ward group (total 64 patients) got a good score on the CPC. These results indicate that both the rates of alive discharge and a good CPC score of the in-emergency room group are higher than in out-of-emergency room. This difference might be due to the fact that patients could get the more immediate ACLS by emergency medicine doctors if cardiac arrest occurs in emergency room than other places.

his Study attempted to comprehend difference between hiker and non-hiker's sense of place value at Namhansanseong Provincial Park. Especially, it was analyzed after visitors, who were divided into local residents & tourists and first time visitors & repeat visitors. Out of 600 visitors, who were over 19 years old, participated in the survey, 587 responses were used for data analysis. Consequently, Sense of place value at Namhansanseong Provincial Park were classified into three factors: Health·Culture, Ecology·Environment, and Connectedness. Hikers feel higher value on promotion of health, relaxation, environment than non-hikers. Among hikers, local residents feel higher value on ecology·environment and connectedness than tourists. Among non-hikers, however, they have no difference between local residents and tourists, only repeat visitors and first time visitors. On this result, possibility of resident participation management on natural environment and trail was considered, and when the program, which is for raising cultural and traditional value, would develop, increasing number of repeat visitor should be considered as a high priority.

주5일 근무제와 여가 생활의 증가로 인하여 캠핑을 하는 사람들이 지속적으로 증가 하고 있다. 따라서 다양한 캠핑장시설이 증가하고 있다. 사설 캠핑장의 경우 파쇄석이라 불리는 자갈 사이트와 일반 흙으로 된 사이트 등 다양한 사이트가 존재한다. 캠핑장은 야외 활동이 많은 곳이기 때문에 캠핑장내에서 측정되는 방사선량을 각각 다른 싸이트 별로 자연방사선량을 측정한 후에 분석하였다. 파쇄석으로 만들어진 장소보다는 흙으로 만들어진 싸이트에서 자연방사선량이 적게 측정되었으며, 인위적으로 만든 타프 그늘보다는 자연적으로 형성된 나무그늘이 자연 방사선량이 적게 측정되었다. 결론적으로 캠핑장소 선택시에서 자연방사선량을 피하려면 인위적으로 만든 캠핑장 보다는 나무가 많은 자연휴양림 장소가 캠핑하기 좋은 곳 이라고 알리고 싶다.

The purposes of this study is to identify a proper spot to create a symbolic place for the International Jazz Festival and to improve the connections among the place assets of Gapyeong as a place marketing strategies. To this end, the analysis and interpretation of spatial structure was conducted using space syntax. The results of the study showed that the entire structure of the space formed in the axis of a total of 200. The value of total integration was 0.833, which is relatively low, and the local integration degree was 1.588 degrees. Gahwa Street has the highest value of full integration (1.264) among the major points related with the Festival, followed by the former Gapeyong Station area (1.189). As a result, the former Gapeyong station area was identified as a recommendable place for symbolic place because it is highly accessible to the surrounding areas and spacious enough to function as a plaza. Developing a cultural street occupied by jazz cafes, concerts, shops and restaurants, and transforming the old railroad into a linear park will enhance the image of jazz city and help place marketing.

This study deals with rural village development project of Gasangri, Yeongcheon city area, based on the use of the cultural factors and strengthening them in study area. Unlike other cases of today's Korean rural village development projects, this plan keenly concerns not only for tourists but also for the village people. Since culture means the quality of life also, this project especially deals with 'community', 'well-being', and 'convenience' for the inhabitants. On the other hand, it attempts to connect with "Cyan Museum", which is the first grade art gallery remodelled from closed school, to make village of culturally abundant atmosphere. In result, seven sub-projects of the expansion of basic living foundation, and two improvement of landscape in area have planned. Among stereotype of rural development projects and similar programs of tourism, the project makes difference on targeting for the meaning and resource of place culture.

본 연구에서는 현재 소비문화공간으로 대표되는 신사동 가로수길, 삼청동, 서래마을의 세 곳을 중심으로 나타나고 있는 용기정원을 조사, 분석하여 장소에 따른 용기정원의 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 그 결과, 신사동 가로수길은 초기 패션과 디자인 계열이 입점했던 것에서 영향을 받은 패션업종에서 가장 많이 나타났고, 원형의 테라코타 용기에 상록과 그린색의 식물을 이용하여 입구에 가장 많이 위치시켜 동선을 유도하며, 패션소품으로 활용하였다. 삼청동의 경우는 오래되고 규모가 작은 공간에 활력을 불어 넣기 위해 모든 업종에서 고루 나타났고, 목재의 직사각형의 용기에 분홍색의 초화류를 이용하여 전면하부에 많이 위치시켜 밝은 분위기를 조성하였다. 서래마을의 경우는 프랑스마을의 장소성과 관련하여 야외 테라스의 카페와 레스토랑에서 많이 나타났고, 걸이와 벽면에서 난색계열의 초화류와 덩굴식물을 주로 이용하였다. 장소는 문화적이고 지역적인 것을 기반으로 하여 나타나는 맥락적 의미로 현재 소비문화공간에서 활발하게 조성되는 용기정원의 특성 또한 영향을 받고 있으며, 이것은 다시 장소성을 만드는 데 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 차후에 이용고객을 대상으로 용기정원이 재방문에 어떤 영향을 미치는지와 장소성 형성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구가 계속 진행되어야 할 것이다.

The following study has examined possible methodological approach and prospect of implementing storytelling in rural tourism field. It is aimed towards deducing principles of space composition behind securing placeness of rural tourism village through storytelling. The research had been conducted by archival research and case study on field of interest, and its findings are as follows: 1) Storytelling exhibits principles of narrative structure (exposition, complication, climax, and resolution) in various fields, and has shown tendency to structuralize a plot. 2) It can be said that storytelling is deeply related with people's associations of their inner mind. This can be a logical explanation of a certain sight or location, which is a physical environment itself being the actual narrator and distributor in storytelling. 3) In order to convey a story in a more convincing way, storytelling a naming strategy based on a rhetorical technique, which has been shown to positively influence creating unique placeness of a rural village. As indicated in our study, means of storytelling-"Continuity and tourist circulation of space composition with a narrative structure, spatial hierarchical order, concealment and revelation, cast, and naming based on rhetorical technique and facilities positioning"-is a viable solution that can bring recovery of the rural village's unique placeness, as well as spatial development for sustainable rural tourism.

본 연구는 장소애착이 자연지역 내 케이블카 설치에 대한 방문객의 태도에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 시행되었다. 본 연구의 분석을 위해 2010년 9월 중 수집된 총 126명의 무등산도립공원 방문객에 의한 설문답변이 이용되었다. 분석결과, 장소애착은 케이블카 설치에 대한 방문객의 태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 장소애착이 낮은 응답자는 높은 응답자에 비해 케이블카 개발을 지지하는 경향이 있었다. 전반적으로 장소애착은 케이블카 설치로 인한 잠재적 영향에 대한 신념(beliefs about the potential impacts of cable car: BICC)과 통계적 관련이 없었다. 장소정체성은 BICC와 관련이 있었지만 장소의존성은 BICC와 관련이 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 연령, 거주지, 거주기간, 무등산도립공원 방문경험수준이 장소애착과 관련이 있었다. PA는 사람들의 친환경 행동을 이끌 수 있는 선행인자로서의 역할 가능성을 보유하고 있다. 자연공원을 보다 바람직한 방향으로 관리하기 위해서 PA를 높일 수 있는 영향인자의 규명과 이러한 영향인자의 조절 및 활용을 위한 방법 모색이 필요하다.

Ki - y ang Kw on . 2002. Loc ativ e Inv ers ion and EPP . S t ud ie s in M od e rn Gramma r 27, 37- 56 . In this paper, we will analyze locative inversion constructions under the framework of Agree theory in Chomsky (1998, 1999). We face two problems in locative inversion constructions with respect to Agree theory . First, the preposed PP does not agree with the verb. Second, what is the activated element of the preposed PP? To solve these problems, we will suggest that PP in locative inversion be moved not by the synt actic requirement but by the phonological requirement of the functional head. Given this, we may assume that EPP - feature is satisfied not by the syntactic move or merge but by the phonetic realization.

Although there are a lot of primary factors to be able to make characters and identities in Pusan South Harbor, Badly Planned development prevented enhancing the sense of place in urban waterfront. The point in the waterfront development is how to secure amenities based on indentity and orientation; node, landmark, edge, path, district. This study aims at developing waterfront area of Pusan South Harbor and attempting to establish an identity through studying characteristics of ‘places’ in Pusan South Harbor. The place consists of two elements; orientation and identity, which can be explained the environmental totality, ‘character’ and ‘space’ respectively. The urban waterfront has strong characteristics which consists of land area, water area, and transit zone combining two areas. The place of Pusan South Harbor is analysed those four elements. We proposed objectives and criteria which can be used in enhancing the sense of this place.

Ki-Sung Jang and Hyun-Sook Jung. 2000. A Study on Local, Temporal, Personal Deixis in German. Studies in Modern Grammar 22. 199-214. It is the intention of the present paper to give a description of the characteristic features of the Theory of Deixis. As a basis for this the "Zeigfeldlehre of Karl Buehler is used. Although this base is outdated or rather disputed in some respects it is the most comprehensive paper upon Deixis in the German language. To complete the present essay the different aspects of the Deixis (local, temporal, personal) will be examined in detail. Possibilities of systematization and definition will be given. With the intention to demonstrate and explicate the difficulties of foreign learners of the German language in a following step the system of Korean demonstrative pronoun will be introduced. Some advice for learners of German will conclude this paper.