The wireless sensor prototype was developed and the field test result, natural frequencies of each mode in stay-cable, showed 0.5% difference compared to the wired sensor. Also, the cable tension derived by the vibration method was 1.177% difference. As a sensor for managing cable tension, the applicability to bridges was confirmed. In the next study, LoRa LPWAN technology will be applied to various sensors used in structures.

This study was conducted to establish scores according to the importance levels of each HACCP evaluation item in cattle farm. The importance levels and score of each HACCP evaluation item was derived through the non-compliance rate and severity levels of hazard. In order to change the score criteria according to the importance of each HACCP evaluation item, we analyzed the importance of each HACCP evaluation item by using the portfolio mapping method according to the occurrence frequency and severity levels of hazard. The scores were classified into 3 point, 2 point, and 1 point, respectively, by classifying the importance of each category as ‘high’, ‘middle’ and ‘lower’. Accordingly, we have established a now scoring system of each HACCP evaluation item through this study. Through the result of this study, the objectivity of the comparative evaluation was verified by implementing the currently used HACCP evaluation item to the cattle farm. In conclusion, Implementation of the result of this study to cattle farm may help to increase the objectivity and also improve more safety and hygienic cattle management and raw milk production.

본 연구는 기계주입 방식으로 간단히 재충전 할 수 있는 TPS 공법을 사용하여 실제 건설현장에 적용한 후 콘크리트 균열에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였는데, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 초음파 속도의 경우 TPS 공법을 사용하였을 시 주사기 공법에 비해 평균 약 36 mm/sec로 초음파가 빠른 속도로 통과하는 것을 알 수 있었고, 주입깊이의 경우 주사기 공법에서는 부분 충전되는 것을 확인하였으나 TPS 공법의 경우 강한 주입 압력으로 모든 배합에서 보수재가 100% 충전되는 우수한 경향을 나타내었다. 또한, 압축강도의 경우는 TPS 공법 사용 시 평균 16.8 % 증가하는 것으로 나타나 구조적으로 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이상을 종합하면 주사기 공법에 비해 TPS 공법을 사용하였을 시 균열부위에 주입재가 밀실하게 충전되어 강도 증진으로 인한 품질 향상 및 확인창 설치로 인한 균열보수제의 거동이 확인 가능하다. 또한, TPS 공법 시공구간 532 m에 대하여 약 5일의 공사 기간이 단축됨에 따라 시공성이 우수하여 콘크리트 구조물에 균열 보수공법으로 사용성이 확대될 것으로 기대된다.

In this study, the low-temperature vacuum swing adsorption (low temp. VSA) process was applied to the activated carbon adsorption tower for treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to extend the replacement period of the adsorbent and to solve the difficulties of operation management. A practical application study was performed based on continuous operation in the field. The VSA process removes the adsorbate by reducing the pressure at a relatively low temperature (90℃ or less) to compensate for the disadvantages of the conventional thermal swing adsorption (TSA) process. A pilot scale VSA process with a size of 30 m and 2 min−1 was applied to the small scale painting plant, which is the main source of VOCs, and subject to 100 adsorption/desorption cycles. After the sampling of activated carbon every 20 cycles, the specific surface area and derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTA) analysis were investigated to analyze the change of activated carbon characteristics with increasing cycles. During 100 continuous cycles, toluene gas was arbitrarily supplied to the pilot VSA process to compare toluene adsorption capacity with respect to raw activated carbon. More than 99% of the VOCs emitted from the paint plant were adsorbed and removed during the operation of the VSA process. The increase in cycle did not affect the specific surface area and micropores of activated carbon. However, the physical adsorption amount of the non-desorbed adsorbate remaining in the micropores tends to increase; therefore, it is considered that the effective adsorption amount decreases as the number of regeneration increases. As a result of the toluene adsorption test of the pilot plant after 100 consecutive cycles, 91% removal efficiency relative to the raw activated carbon was maintained. Thus, stable application of low-temperature VSA equipment is feasible in field application.

With the rapid development of the Internet and modern economy, people gradually come into contact with mobile terminals, and their demand for them is also growing. In particular, in recent years, the number of mobile payments in China has also shown a continuous growth trend, and there have been mobile payment means such as Alipay, WeChat, Apple pay and so on. At the same time, with the emergence of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing and financial payment, the technical means of mobile payment have become more and more diverse, which provides space for the continuous development of mobile payment. The construction and improvement of the bus card system has always been an important issue to promote the development of urban traffic. It is also a problem that the government should solve in the construction of a new city. A more perfect bus card system can help to improve the frequency of the residents to use the bus travel and help to solve the urban traffic problems. This paper mainly aims at the application of mobile payment in the field of public transportation, analyzes the current situation and trend of the payment in the field of public transportation, and analyzes and studies the existing problems and solutions of the application of mobile payment in the field of public transportation.

휘발성 유기화합물(VOCs)은 유기용매를 주로 사용하는 산업공정에서 배출되는 일반적인 대기오염물질 중 하나로 그 물질 자체가 독성 및 발암성을 지니기도 하고 오존 생성의 전구체로 작용하기도 하여 인체 건강과 환경에 부정적인 영향을 주고 있다. 또한 최근 초미세먼지 2차생성에 기여하고 있음이 알려짐에 따라 VOCs 저감에 대한 국제적인 관심은 더욱 높아지고 있는 실정이다. 중소규모 사업장에서는 VOCs 처리를 위해 주로 활성탄 흡착탑을 이용하고 있으며 활성탄의 짧은 파과점으로 일정기간 사용 후 교체가 필요하지만, 교체 비용 부담에 따른 적절한 유지관리가 미흡하여 VOCs가 직접 대기로 방출되는 문제가 발생되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 활성탄 파과 후 현장에서 재생이 가능한 흡탈착 공정에 대하여 연구를 수행하였다. 기존 재생 공정인 열탈착(TSA) 공정은 에너지 비용이 많이 소요되며 수분 또는 고온 가스를 사용해야하므로 재생 시간이 길고 부대시설이 필요한 단점이 있어 현장에서 흡착 후 직접 재생하기에는 다소 무리가 따른다. 저온 감압탈착(VSA) 공정은 상대적으로 저온(80∼90℃)에서 진공펌프를 이용하여 탈착하는 방식으로 감압시에 VOCs가 휘발하는 온도가 낮아지므로 상대적으로 낮은 온도에서 탈착이 가능하다. 이에 따라 현장에서 자체재생 가능한 탈착 방법으로 저온 VSA 기술을 적용하였으며, 30 CMM급 흡탈착 시스템을 제작하여 실제 도장 공장의 배출가스에 대한 현장 적용성 연구를 수행하였다. 또한 저온 VSA 공정을 통해 배출되는 탈착가스는 재생시 캐리어가스 유량이 상대적으로 적어 고농도로 배출되므로 회수하여 유기용매로 재활용할 경우 원료 절감에 따른 경제적 효과가 매우 크다. 따라서 VOCs를 회수하기 위한 방법으로 기액 접촉 효율이 높은 용매 직접접촉식 응축 방식을 적용하였으며, 30 LPM 직접접촉식 회수장치를 제작하고 실 탈착가스를 이용한 회수실험을 수행함으로써 본 기술에 대한 현장 적용 가능성에 대하여 평가해보고자 하였다.

본 논문에서는 재활용 필름을 사용한 친환경 그리드형 보강재와 사전에 충진재의 혼입을 통해 분산성을 향상시킨 섬유를 도로 포장층에 복합적으로 적용한 공법의 현장 적용성을 분석하였다. 그리드형 보강재를 구성하고 있는 필름은 폐기된 PE수지를 재활용하여 친환경성을 강조하였고, 아스콘 혼입 섬유는 아스콘 충진재의 사전 혼입을 통한 섬유의 분산성을 확보한 것이다. 복합 섬유를 혼입한 교량 포장층을 시공함에 있어 발생할 수 있는 제반 상황을 사전에 인지할 수 있도록, Mock Up 포장층에 대한 기본적인 성능 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 친환경 그리드 보강재와 분산성 섬유를 함유한 포장층에서 강도 및 응력, 처짐 저항성에서 모두 기능성이 향상된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로, 섬유 실제 현장 적용시 친환경성 재료 도입과 더불어 안전성 측면에도 효율적인 공법이라고 판단된다.

본 논문은 디자인 실무와 디자인 교육의 밀접한 상호 보완을 통해 학생들의 실무능력을 향상시키고 글로벌 환경에서의 실무 프로세서를 디자인 교육에 적용하여 운영한 사례연구로서 글로벌 캡스톤 디자인을 활성화를 위한 논문이다. 글로벌 환경에 맞추어 선문대학교 학생과 미국의 브리지포트 대학교 학생간의 의사소통을 중시했으며 학기 중에는 쇼셜 네트워크를 통해 아이디어 발굴과 평가 및 조언을 교환하였다. 과목의 주제는 서울브랜드 개발로 정하고 진행되었으며 이를 통해 대학 및 학과의 대외홍보 및 인지도 상승시키는 효과를 가져왔으며, 브리지포트대의 교육적 콘텐츠와 방법론을 이해하고 경험하였으며 이로 인해 글로벌 취업역량을 강화시켰다. 또한, 실무에 강한 글로벌 인재를 양성하고 실무교수진의 크리틱을 통해 글로벌 디자인 현장실무 프로세스를 경험하였다. 이로 인해 개인디자인역량강화를 시킬 수 있었다.

The application of animal manure on farm fields is one of the most economical ways. However, the continuous application of manure in paddy fields might change soil properties influencing the growth of rice plant. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the changes in selected chemical and biological properties of soils and rice production as affected by the applications of two different fertilizer sources, which were the consecutive applications of liquid swine manure (LSM) and chemical fertilizer (CF), during the three experimental years, from 2012 to 2014. Application amount of LSM was based on 100% of nitrogen fertilizer recommendation rate for rice cultivation estimated by soil testing. Plant height and tiller number in rice at the first year of liquid swine manure manure plot were lower than those of chemical fertilizer plot. Height and tillers of rice in liquid swine manure plot were higher than those of rice in chemical fertilizer plot after consecutive application for 3 years. Rice yield In the first year of application was decreased by 7% than that of chemical fertilizer, but the yield of rice in the third year of application in LM 100% plot was increased by 8% compared to the chemical fertilizer. Toyo-taste value of milled rice in LM 100% was decreased by increasing of protein contents and decreasing rate of perfect grain. The K and Zn contents in the soil were increased in the plots of consecutive LSM application. The results implied that the liquid manure may neither decrease the yield of rice and nor increase soil properties except K and Zn in the soil, and decrease rice quality.

This study is subway tunnel field application about repair materials with crack self-healing capability. It was found that it showed good durability compared to the existing repair materials through lab test. Utilization of these mortars may have high potential for a new repair material.

Connecting members are proposed to skip installing formworks in the process of assembling the slab type precast modular bridge. In this study confirms the field applicability of connecting members for rapid construction of slab type precast modular bridge.

This study evaluated field application of low heat concrete using hydration heat analysis. The results of hydration heat analysis show that low heat concrete make sure of target thermal cracking index. Therefore, low heat concrete is suitable for field application.

In bridge lifting apparatus by using the existing pressure control, unequal lifting inevitably occur due to non-uniform load of the upper structure. In order to solve this problem safety of bridge lifting apparatus using flow control system was evaluated. As a result, the load of each supports for bridge upper structure is measured at the range of 1,098 ~ 2,362 kN and lifting displacement uncertainty was within 0.5 mm observing not any cracks.

Recently, the environmental issues are emerging as one the most Compressive strength of concrete using blast furnace slag is decreased when cured at low temperature. To apply slag concrete in winter, we perform the experiment about alkali-activated slag concrete cured at low temperature.

Slaughter of cattle, pigs, and chickens has increased continuously. In particular, slaughter of chickens has been grown up about 150% in 2010 than that in 2003, that is approximately 120,000 tons. All of them are underwent consigned treatment even though those can be used as a resource and an energy source. With this regards, THR (Thermal Hydrolysis Reaction) leads to reduce water content drastically (<30% in sludge cakes). In addition, Dehydrated solid would be re-used as solid fuels (SRF) as well. In this study, We have applied THR to a plant (10 ton/day) on the basis of our lab and pilot results. Water content of sludge cakes showed with a ranges of 30 to 40% after solid-liquid separation. Dairy SRF produced 1.5 ton/day and its heat capacity for SRF has 6,500 kcal/kg. This gave the steam produced about 12 ton/day throughout the plant operation, suggesting that THR system would expect energy savings.

The development and field application of the environment friendly Precast concrete by replacing the blast furnace slag were examined. As a result, it was found that compressive strength of Precast concrete used 50% of blast furnace slag was similar to Plain. While 70% of blast furnace slag was slightly decreased. In the result of Mock-up Test, the compressive strength of Precast concrete used 50% of blast furnace slag was satisfied with the target strength. but greening phenomenon occurred. Although greening occurred on the surface of the Precast concrete, it was gradually disappeared over the age. Therefore, the use of blast furnace slag was available up to 50%.

In this study, improving insulation of concrete, we developed insulated concrete and applied it in the field to reduce amount of energy. As a result, we could get the physical and performance similar to normal concrete's performance and the amount of energy is expected to decrease for improving insulation performance.

최근 도로포장에 수분이 많이 침투한 상태에서 중차량 교통량의 증가로 아스팔트 포장에 파손이 증대되어 그 중 하나인 포트홀이 많이 발생한다. 이에 따라 도로안전운전에 심각한 장애가 되며 교통사고가 빈번하게 발생하여 기준에 미달하는 자재 사용으로 도로의 조기 파손을 불러온다는 지적이 제기되고 있다. 다양한 포트홀 보수 방법이 사용되고 있지만, 보수 후 포트홀 발생 부위에 적절하지 않은 보수 방법으로 인하여 다시 포트홀이 발생되고 있으며, 그로 인한 잦은 재보수로 유지 보수 비용역시 증가되고 있는 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 아스팔트 혼합물의 내구성을 증진하여 도로포장에 발생하는 포트홀을 방지할 수 있는 포장 재료를 개발하는데 목적이 있다. 산업 부산물인 유리섬유 파분을 이용하여 골재형태로 제조한 석분대체용 유리 파분 골재와 유리섬유를 이용하여 실내 실험에서 검증된 유리 섬유 혼합물을 현장 적용성을 평가 하였다. 실내 배합설계를 통하여 최적 보강 섬유량을 결정하였으며, 유리 섬유 보강 아스팔트 혼합물의 적정 생산 온도 및 다짐 횟수를 결정해 현장 적용을 실시하였다. 수원 국토 관리 사무소 관내 국도 38호선에 2회에 걸쳐 시험 포장을 진행하였고, 총 500m 구간 중 100m에 적용하였으며, 현장 적용도를 비교 평가하기 위해 1차 시험 포장의 경우 전체 생산 혼합물량 대비 유리 보강 섬유량 1.3%(유리 장섬유 펠렛 0.66%+ 리사이클 펠렛 0.66%), 2차 시험 포장의 경우 유리 보강 섬유량 1.0%(유리 장섬유 펠렛 0.5%+ 리사이클 펠렛 0.5%)로 각각 다른 보강 섬유량을 결정하여 생산하였다.

Semi-rigid pavement is one of excellent paving methods adopting merits of asphalt-concrete and concrete paving. However, conventional paving methods were mainly used on the new constructed roads. Therefore, in this research we have examined the possibility of using the semi-rigid pavement on occupied roads. Also, confirmed the early-open possibility of pavement by applying the rapid hardening binding material to semi-rigid pavement.

Fish movement was blocked by Dam construction in korea, but fish of the ecosystem can be destoryed without movement of fish in the small stream or river. In this study, the water ladder type of fishway with the fish's ecological specific character is proposed. That is created similar to the real natural environment in order to overcome differences in water pressure. It consists water hydrology, bypass, viewing chamber and viewing windows. It is used IT pumping system and bypass fishway for dry season especially. 3D analysis by SAP2000 Soft Ware is essential in concrete structures for the degradation of its durability using the multi-functional fishway's advantages. The size of water tank(4m×4m×5m) is more advantageous than that of other size.