Global perspective of Korea has been continuously enhanced, and accordingly, the number of foreign students who are interested in and try to study Korean language are increasing, too. In addition, recently the purpose of studying the Korean language is deepening from just getting employment or college preparation to interest about Korea and its culture.Korean language education as a foreign language should be developed for correct understanding and use in social & cultural context based on the language education for communication. One way of satisfying these Korean language educational target is to utilize literary works.But, even with the various possibilities of utilizing literary works in Korean language education, the attempts to utilize literary works is insufficient in actual education fields and in teaching material. Also, the utilizing material are in limited state.According to the survey result of literature education status, activity and attempt to utilize literary works in Korean language education as a foreign language is quite insufficient and there is no distinctive standard in selecting the works. In addition, most education is performed at above middle level, and it consists of passive literature utilizing methods such as vocabulary, grammar, expressional study, comprehension, etc. Also, it is difficult to give lessons because included literature's genre are skewed to poems for modern literature and fairy tales for classical literature, and because the study about teachers' manual or teaching instruction are insufficient.Therefore, to solve these problems, it is required to include various literary works based on the students' requirement survey results, to present integrated utilizing method and subject activities so that all language education functions such as reading, listening, speaking and writing can be studied, and to actively utilize auxiliary textbooks. Also primarily, it is required to establish standard to select adequate literary works, and to enable the use of literary works by grade from the selected list of works based on the standard. In addition, it is required to provide class with the goal of understanding the literary work itself as well as language education and culture education through literature text.

This pa야r presents findings of a comparative analysis of the use of the word democnα:y as bino때aJs (e,g" democracy and freedom) in the US and South Korean newspa야r COlpora, The US corpus is 42 rnillion words comprising foreign news reports taken from the New York Times and the Washington Post from 1댔 to 2야3， The South Korean corpus consists of news articles from the Dong-A Ilbo and the Hankyoreh. The corpus covers the same period between the year 1999 and 2003 and is of a relatively modest size of 200 thou없nd words, The anaJysis has shown di fferences in the frequency of the noun phrases occurring as binornials with demαracy， While human rights-relat어 noun phrases are found to occur most frequently with democracy in the US corpus, it is obseπed that capitalism-related noun phrases occur most frequently in the South Korean corpus, It is a1so found that a number of evaluative and rhetorical functions are perfonned by the binornials of demαracy such as evaluating other countries on their political, sociaJ, and economic problems; criticizing actions 떠ken by the govemment and political oppositions; or stressmg paπnership with other countries,

Despite the advantages of the shadowing method in language learning, there has been little research on the use of the method in Japanese language education. Therefore, the current study investigated the effectiveness of shadowing for the pronunciation and listening skills of Korean learners of Japanese. The study was conducted with the beginner and intermediate learners of Japanese in a college in the second half of the academic year (September to November, 2007). The results indicate an　improvement of the listening skills for 80% of the students (20 students). Furthermore, the false using of the pronunciation in 7 categories disappeared. The study suggests implications for the adequate application for Japanese education in Korean universities.

A large number of foreign students enroll at Korean universities each year. Although a good command of the Korean language is crucial for them to be successful in their studies, and both university authorities and teaching staff now agree that students’ language ability needs to be tested before their admission, a valid and reliable test of academic Korean is still to be developed. The aim of this paper was twofold: to determine the Korean language proficiency level and language task types that are necessary to succeed at the university level in Korea; and to determine test specifications that could be used by examiners to appraise university candidates’ language skills. To develop such specifications, Common European Framework (CEF) descriptors of language proficiency were used. These descriptors can be used as indicators showing which language tasks a candidate should be able to do at a certain level. To create test specifications, academically relevant descriptors were selected and task types associated with each were analyzed. Many descriptors associated with the B2 level of the CEF were used to determine the language achievement level necessary for university students in Korea. Information about linguistic input and output associated with each language task type was also gained and applied from CEF descriptors.

This study deals with the overall meta-cognitive aspects of ATC-Pilot miscommunications pertinent to cognitive human errors based on the previous literature research which it has been focused on the issue of the global aviation English use in regard with aircraft accident and incident. Especially, it addresses the concern over the ICAO aviation English language proficiency evaluation program which will be implemented globally in March, 2008. In addition, It presents the analysis related to the on-going English language proficiency level four test conducted for Korean civil airlines pilots and air traffic controllers.

This study is aimed at applying conjunctive adverbs of type of "그러-‘ for education site of Korean language by clearing up syntactical condition and contextual meaning and mutual replacement relation of conjunctive adverbs having similar meaning to be able to use opposition conjunctive adverb of type of "그러-’. According to inclination of foreign learner who want to learn Korean by rule and formula instead of meaning explanation. So this study was represented table and chart as suggesting way of each items, and it could be called as new tryout that we could not find in existing studies. This discussion might be little different with meaning of conjunctive adverbs explained in the study of Korean language. In the selection of example, used example of Korean language text book for foreigners by considering level of learners. Therefore, this study was inconvenienced by impractical sentence and non-suggestion of concrete plan to be able to be used in practice lesson. But if teachers fully understood schematic pictures and used them in class, it could become a little help to reduce learner"s confusion occurred by using opposition conjunctive adverbs of type of "그러-."

The purpose of this article is to show characteristics of complaints of Korean native speakers (KNs), Korean learners (primary, intermediate, and high class) of Japanese language of (KLs), and Japanese native speakers (JNs). When fourteen displeased situations happening occasionally in daily life were given to them, for their complaints about the situations, the degree of complaints and the expression behavior of complaints were investigated. Particularly the complaints by speech act were analyzed with a point of view on the use of strategy and the degree of face-threat (FT). The degree of complaints was higher in order of JNs>KLs>KNs. For the expression behavior of complaints, all of three group (KNs, KLs and JNs) tended to use speech act. For the strategy of complaints and the degree of FT, JNs tended to use strategy of lower degree of FT than that of KN. And KLs showed a tendency of interlanguage which was getting close to targeting language, using strategy of lower FT degree than that of mother language group (KNs) even at a primary class. These results give the following implications for the education of Japanese language for KLs. 1) As the most useful method to resolve the situations of complaints, JNs also use speech act, but JNs recognize the situations more seriously than KNs and their degree of complaints is higher. 2) Nevertheless, JNs are contrasted with KNs by that they would minimize the probable trouble with a person due to their complaints by selecting strategy of low FT degree.

중국어 모어 학습자들을 대상으로 한국어를 교육할 경우 부딪히게 되는 대표적인 문제로는, 발음 교육에서는 유음 ㄹ, 연음, 모음 ㅡ, ㅢ, 후설모음 ㅓ, ㅜ, ㅗ 등의 발음이 어려움으로 대두될 수 있다. 또한 문법 방면에서는 무엇보다도 조사의 활용이 학습자로 하여금 어려움을 느끼게 하는 요소이며, 그 중에서도 ‘은/는’ 과 ‘이/가’의 구분이 더욱 어려움을 느끼게 한다. 물론 위에서 제시한 문제 외에도 중국어에는 없는 종성의 발음 문제, 종성 대표음의 발음 문제, 경어 활용 등등 더 많은 문제들이 있는 것이 사실이다.드라마에서 학습자들이 접하게 되는 동사/형용사의 형태들은 이미 여러 가지 형태 변화 과정을 거치고 난 것이어서 초급이나 중급 수준의 학습자가 그것을 보고 기본형과 그 어미를 분리해내는 일은 매우 어려운 일이기 때문이다. 또한 잘 분리해내었다 하더라도 그 어미가 나타내는 어감과 의미를 알아내기도 어려운 일이다. 예를 들어 학습자가 드라마에서 ‘하렴’, ‘하려무나’, ‘하게’, ‘해야지’ 등등의 표현을 접하고 그 어감과 의미의 차이를 알아내는 일은 상당한 노력이 필요한 일일 것이다. 그러한 노력을 덜어주는 것이 사전의 역할일 것이다. 그러나 실제로는 중국어 모어 학습자들은 의미를 파악하기 위해 사전을 찾고 싶어도 기본형을 분리할 수 없기 때문에 찾을 수 없거나 찾아도 사전에 나와 있지 않아서 답답하다는 불만을 토로하는 경우가 많다. 중국어 모어 학습자들의 학습 편의를 도와주고 궁극적으로는 중국에서의 한국어 학습 수준을 제고시키는 데 유용하게 쓰일 수 있는 중국어 학습자를 위한 한국어 어휘사전, 한국어 학습 사전, 그리고 한국어 역순 사전 등이 나오기를 기대한다.

With the emergence of sociolinguistic approach in second language learning, instructors have begun to acknowledge the native language (L1) as a legitimate tool with the potential to facilitate second language (L2) learning mainly in output-based tasks. This study focuses on how the use of L1 by L2 learners affects their task achievement. Two communicative tasks were used, and tasks were carried out by 32 high school students in L2 only, or in L1 and L2 during group test sessions held on different days. Tape-recorded transcripts of learners when performing the tasks, interviews, and questionnaires were collected and analysed to investigate effect on the use of L1. The findings suggest that during performing the tasks, learners used their L1 to complete their tasks for a variety of functions. Through the L1, they explained and negotiated the task each other, or checked their understanding or compared answers to the task against their peers. To allow the learners to use of their L1 was even more effective than to urge them to use L2 only in a foreign language class using task. Further investigation indicates that, if one of goals of output-based introduction is considered as the successful completion of the task, the learners’ use of L1 may be beneficial to attain the goal when performing completely in L2 is impossible or beyond the learners’ linguistic ability.

Communication, culture and language cannot be separated from teaching the foreign language. In other words, the successful communication between different cultures required not only linguistic fluency but also cultural competence. Nonverbal expression involved deeply with the cultural dimension of language is rarely taught in language class because it has largely focused on the expression as the language form for a long time. As a result of this fact, it demands to the educational necessity of them. It is needed to be aware of the cultural nonverbal pattern for the effective communication. This study is an attempt to explore the nonverbal expression that has not been much interesting so far in the process of communicating. Therefore, it examines the pattern of the nonverbal expression, the other studies related with this, and Korean textbook represented the nonlinguistic utterance for the purpose of this study. Finally, as based on this research, this study suggests the necessity to teach the nonverbal utterance and the educational plan about them.

이 논문은 한국한시에 대한 언어의 일연구로 한자로 된 시어의 상징과 이미지에 관한 연구의 일환이며 그 새로운 텍스트로 문자유집에 천착한 연구이다. 이 책은 창작 년대나 작가에 대한 언급이 없고 목차와 유별로 나누어진 한자어들만 잔뜩 기록된 채로 책의 편찬의도와 내용을 소개하는 서문이나 발문이 없어서 정확한 용도를 잘 모르고 있었다. 이 책의 목차를 살펴보면 天道門 36조항, [地道門] 25조항, [萬物門],118조항, [人倫門], 52조항, [人事門],54조항, [君道門],29조항, [臣道門],13조항, [天官門]13조항, [地官門],45조항. [春官門],36조항. [夏官門],25조항. [秋官門],6조항. [冬官門], 9조항. 으로 분류하여 13개의 유목으로 나누어 정리하였다. 뒷부분에 두 글자, 세 글자, 네 글자로 된 한자어들이 순서대로 분류목외에 실려 있고, 사자성어가 분류 목을 떠나서 무려 900여개가 실려 있다. 총 13개 대목으로 분류하여 나누고 각 대목마다 각 세목으로 나누어 총 460여 항목에 일만여 개의 시어를 수록하고 있으며. 목판본으로 112면을 이루고 있다. 이 책은 한시의 창작을 위하여 고안된 일종의 시어 사전이다. 한시가 생활화된 당시 문자예술의 편의를 위해 만들어진 시어 사전으로 여러 가지 생활 주변에서 만들어 질 수 있는 시어를 정련하여 한시의 형식에 맞게 다듬어서 분야별로 엮어 놓은 것이다. 이 책에는 까다로운 한시형식에 적용될 수 있는 일만여 개의 시어들은 하나하나가 모두 글자 수와 음조와 대구가 고려된 것이다. 시어에 대한 조어의 묘에는 시인의 예술혼이 살아 숨 쉬며, 함축과 비유, 상징과 이미지, 압운의 음조미, 대구의 조응미 등의 문예미학이 주옥같이 서려 있다. 문자유집은 시어사전으로 비유사전이면서 동시에 이미지 사전이며 상징사전이다. 문자유집은 시어의 보고이며, 문자예술의 혼이 담긴 시어의 소우주이다.

교육용 한자 가운데 대표훈이 동일하거나 유사한 것들이 절반 이상이나 된다. 이로 말미암아 기존의 한자, 한자어, 한자 어구를 학생들에게 지도할 경우 어려움을 겪을 수도 있다. 특히 한글 전용보다 국한 혼용의 장점 중에 하나인 생산적 조어력을 약화시킬 수도 있다. 따라서 동훈자의 의미를 가능한 한 변별하는 노력이 필요하다.이를 위해 ‘집’ 동훈자 ‘家, 閣, 館, 宮, 堂, 舍, 室, 屋, 宇, 院, 宙, 宅’ 12자의 의미를 변별하는 시도를 해 보았다. 그 결과, 어원이나 『설문해자』 등을 바탕으로 기존 단어들에 쓰인 동훈자들의 의미를 변별하기가 쉽지 않다는 것을 알게 되었다. 이는 단어 생성 때부터 별로 의미 변별을 의식하지 않았기 때문인 것 같다. 형태가 다르면 의미가 다르며, 완전한 동의어는 없다는 것이 의미론의 기본 이론이다. 따라서 이들 동훈자의 의미를 어떻게 해서든 변별할 장치가 필요하다.