본 연구는 국내‧외에서 수집한 동부 유전자원 245점에 대한 작물학적 특성을 조사하여 품종육성 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다.1. 개화일수는 41∼50일(51.5%), 51∼60일(43.7%), 등숙일수는 21∼30일(53.9%), 31∼40일(23.7%), 생육일수는 71∼80일(26.9%), 81∼90일(23.4%) 순으로 많이분포하였다.2. 신육형은 무한형 72.7%, 중간형 25.7%, 및 유한형1.6%, 초형은 포복형 78.8%와 직립형 21.2%, 잎 모양은 심장형 98.4%와 피침(결각)형 1.6%, 꽃색은 보라색85.2%, 백색 13.6% 및 연주색 1.2% 씩 분포하였다.3. 성숙 꼬투리색은 갈색 54.7%와 황갈색 37.6%, 착협위치는 아래로 향함 90.6%, 중간 5.7% 및 곧추섬 3.7%씩 분포하였다.4. 종피색은 갈색 25.3%, 흑색 23.3%, 백색 20.8%, 종자모양은 계란형 66.9%, 장방형 24.9%, 신장형 8.2% 씩분포하였다.5. 협장은 10.1∼20.0 cm 89.0%, 20.1∼30.0 cm 8.6%,협당립수는 12.1∼15립 62.0%, 9.1∼12립 25.7%, 15.1∼18립 9.1% 씩 분포하였다.6. 백립중은 15.1∼20.0 g 37.6%, 10.1∼15.0 g 28.6%,주당수량은 100.1∼200.0 g 52.7%, 100.0 g 미만 22.9%,200.1∼300.0 g 15.9% 씩 분포하였다7. 선발한 7자원 종실의 전분 함량은 44.1∼57.0%, 단백질 함량은 23.3∼27.5% 범위로 유의차가 있었다. Sucrose함량은 자원에 따라 1.46∼2.03% 범위에 포함되어 유의차가 인정되었다.

야콘을 다양한 기능성 식품 소재로 활용할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 유전자원 4계통을 대상으로 단백질, 회분, 탄수화물, 식이섬유, 비타민, 프락토올리고당 등의 영양 성분 및 기능성 성분을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 야콘은 열량 46~56 kcal로 칼로리가 낮았다. 일반성분은 수분함량이 85.9~86.8%, 지방 0.1~0.2%, 회분 0.2~0.3%, 단백질 0.5~0.7% 및 탄수화물 12.2~13.1% 함유하였으며 총 식이섬유 함량은 1.05~1.14%였다. 야콘은 요오드-녹말반응을 조사한 결과, 색소반응이나 침전 반응이 일어나지 않아 전분이 없었다. 그러나 야콘은 프락토올리고당이 9.6~11.1%로 많이 함유되어 야콘의 고형물은 전분 대신 프락토올리고당 형태로 저장되는 것으로 나타났다. 유리당은 말토스가 가장 많았고, 다음으로 수크로스, 글루코스, 프럭토스 순으로 검출되었다. 무기질을 분석한 결과, 칼륨 함량이 141~176 mg/100 g으로 가장 많았으며, 마그네슘이 8.2~10.6 mg/100 g였고 다음으로 칼슘 순으로 검출되었고 나트륨은 미량으로 나타났다. 구성 아미노산의 총 함량은 생체 100 g을 기준으로 404.0~581.8 mg으로 총 17종의 아미노산이 검출되었다. 단맛의 주요 성분인 글루탐산이 94.0~182.3 mg/100 g로 가장 많았으며 아스파틱산, 아르기닌, 알라닌 순으로 많이 포함되어 있었다. 총 아미노산에 대한 필수 아미노산의 비율은 24.8~33.6%로 나타났다. 분석 결과, 비타민으로는 카로틴 0.001~0.024 mg, 티아민(비타민 B1) 0.03~0.11 mg, 리보플라빈(비타민 B2) 0.02~0.03 mg, 니아신(비타민 B3) 0.3~0.4 mg, 아스코르브산(비타민 C) 14.1~20.6 mg이 들어있었다. 야콘 유전자원 수집계통별 영양성분을 분석한 결과, HYL2는 무기질이 풍부하고, HYL3는 식이섬유와 비타민이 풍부한 것으로 나타났다.

Melon (Cucumis melo) is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Cucurbitaceae. Phytophthora rot, caused by Phytophthora capsici is a serious threat to cucurbits crops production as it directly infects the host plant, and it is difficult to control because of variable pathogenicity. This study investigated the resistance of 450 accessions of melon germplasm against Phytophthora rot by inoculating the seedlings with sporangial suspension (105~;or~;6 zoosporangia/ml) of P. capsici. Disease incidence of Phytophthora rot was observed on the melon germplasm at 7-day intervals for 35 days after inoculation. Susceptible melon germplasm showed either severe symptoms of stem and root rot or death of the whole plant. Twenty out of 450 tested accessions showed less than 20% disease incidence, of which five accessions showed a high level of resistance against Phytopthtora rot. Five resistant accessions, namely IT119813, IT138016, IT174911, IT174927, and IT906998, scored 0% disease incidence under high inoculum density of P. capsici (106 zoosporangia/mL). We recommend that these candidate melon germplasm may be used as genetic resources in the breeding of melon varieties resistant to Phytophthora rot.

농업유전자원센터 및 국외에서 수집한 단수수 유전자원 140품종을 대상으로 주요 형질변이를 탐색하여 우리나라 간척지 토양에 알맞는 품종을 선정하고 아울러 단수수 품종 육성에 필요한 기초 자료를 얻고자 수행한 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 간척지 토양에서 단수수의 작물학적 생육특성은 간장 175 cm, 수장 26 cm, 절수 9개, 경태 11.6 mm, 생경중 12.1 톤/ha, 출수소요일수 96일이었다. 2. 바이오에탄올 생산에 크게 영향하는 당도 범위는 5.7~23.5 Brix였고, 평균 14.1 Brix였으며, 20 Brix를 초과하는 고 당도 품종은 Sugar Drip Cane Seed(23.5 Brix), Indiana Amber(21.4 Brix), Dwarf Blackhull Kafir(21.7)이었으며, 고 당도 품종육성에 유망한 유전자원이었다. 3. 생경중의 범위는 20~50 톤/ha이었고, 평균 12.1 톤/ha이었으며, 생경중 30톤/ha 이상으로 높은 품종은 Honey (50.3 톤/ha), IS8012(36.6 톤/ha), Dwarf Blackhull Kafir(35.3 톤/ha) 등 이었다. 4. 주요 형질간의 상관관계는 간장과 수장, 절수, 경태, 생경중, 출수소요일수 간에, 절수와 경태, 생경중 간에 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 나타내었다. 5. 생경중은 간장, 절수, 경태, 출수소요일수와 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 나타내었다.

The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity using SSR marker and investigate the fatty acid composition of perilla (P. frutescens var. frutescens) germplasm. Genetic diversity among 95 accessions, which consisted of 29 weedy types and 66 landrace accessions, was evaluated based on 12 SSR markers carrying 91 alleles. The mean values of observed (HO) and expected heterozygosities (HE) were 0.574 and 0.640, respectively, indicating a considerable amount of polymorphism within this collection. A genetic distance-based phylogeny grouped into two distinct groups, which were the landrace, moderate and weedy type, genetic distance (GD) value was 0.609. The physicochemical traits about crude oil contents and fatty acid compositions were analyzed using GC. Among tested germplasm, the total average oil contents (%) showed a range from 28.57 to 49.67 %. Five fatty acids and their contents in the crude oils are as follows: α-linolenic acid (41.12%-51.81%), linoleic acid (15.38%-16.43%), oleic acid (18.93%-27.28%), stearic acid (2.56%-4.01%), and palmitic acid (7.38%-10.77%). The average oil content of wild types was lower than landrace, and the oil content of middle genotype accessions was higher than other germplasm, but no significant variation between landrace and wild types was shown. Nevertheless, IT117174, landrace of Korea, was highest in crude oil content (47.11%) and linolenic acid composition (64.58%) among the used germplasm. These traits of the selected accessions will be helped for new functional plant breeding in perilla crop.

벼줄무늬잎마름병은 애멸구에 의해 매개되며 우리나라, 일본, 중국 등 동아시아 지역에서 벼에 가장 많은 피해를 끼치는 바이러스병이다. 벼 줄무늬잎마름병 저항성 유전자는 6번 염색체에 존재하는 Stv-a 유전자와 11번 염색체에 존재하는 Stv-b 유전자 및 Stv-b 유전자의 복대립 유전자형인 Stv-bi 등이 알려져 있다. 단일유전자에 의한 저항성의 경우 바이러스 집단의 변화, 저항성 유전자의 기능소실 등에 의해 저항성의 붕괴가능성이 제기되면서 기존의 유전자 이외의 저항성 유전자를 추가 탐색하는 노력이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 통일형 품종 및 국외 도입 유전자원을 중심으로 총 155 품종에 대한 저항성 생물검정과 기존에 개발된 Stv-bi 유전자 영역을 분자마커를 이용한 유전자형 검정을 통해 신규 유전자를 포함하는 저항성 자원을 선발함을 목적으로 수행하였다. 분자마커를 이용한 유전자원의 군집분석 결과 크게 2개의 군으로 분류되었으며 이는 또한 InDel 7에 의한 유전자형 구분결과와 일치하였다. 그 중 Daw dam 등 6품종은 InDel 7 marker에 의한 유전형 분석결과에서 감수성 allele을 나타내었으나 RSV 생물검정에서는 유전형과 반대인 저항성을 나타내어 InDel 7 marker로서 구분이 불가능 한 것으로 나타났으며 ST10에 대한 유전형에서도 감수성 allele을 나타내었다. 따라서 이들 6품종은 11번 염색체에 존재하는 Stv-bi 유전자가 아닌 다른 유전자에 의해 저항성을 나타낼 가능성이 높은 것으로 추정되었다. 이들 품종은 향후 유전분석과 유전자지도작성을 통하여 신규 유전자 여부 확인을 위한 좀 더 상세한 검토가 필요한 것으로 생각되며 향후 저항성 증진 또는 저항성 붕괴에 따른 대책으로 gene pyramiding등에도 이용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Soybean seed contains a wide range of secondary metabolite compounds such as isoflavones, phyto-sterols, lecithins and saponins. The secondary metabolites are diverse in chemical structure and property. Therefore, it is not easy to analyze simultaneously the diverse metabolites. We assessed LC-MS profiling analysis to evaluate seed component diversity in 33 soybean cultivars and to identify diverse substances according to their fragmentation patterns. The 33 cultivars were divided clearly into two groups according to PCA of the profile data of seed components. The soluble extracts from hypocotyle as well as cotyledon in Group 1 were characterized by the presence of a compound with 969.5 m/z, while the extracts in Group 2 were characterized by the presence of a compound with 980.6 m/z. The two cultivars Williams 82 and Enrei were selected from each group, and then subjected to further analyses. PMF (Peptide MS Fingerprint) data generated by the Q-TOF analysis and MASCOT database search identified the compounds composed of 37 amino acids as the 4-kDa peptide (Albumin 1b). Substitution of three amino acids was found between the two groups. Three candidate genomic sequences were distributed on soybean genome. Expression analysis by RT-PCR indicated one of the three sequences encodes the 4-kDa peptide and expressed in developing seed. In this study, we confirmed the comprehensive analysis with LC-MS is a powerful tool to elucidate metabolite diversity in plant materials including soybean seed.

The most important factor in breeding program is to obtain the value-added genetic line. Generally, breeders develop genetic sources using several methods such as segregation-breeding, cross-breeding, backcross-breeding, mutation induction, tissue culture and so on. Here, we present one classical way but very valuable method called cell fusion or protoplast fusion to create genetic sources for the breeding practice. The method we developed was the asymmetric somatic-hybridization of protoplast isolated from carrots. This is rather to transfer the nucleus from the high quality F1 hybrid to other mediocre line to produce a new carrot line. Since the breeding a carrot line for higher quality and purity takes a long time, therefore this nuclear transfer technology is very beneficial to generate a new line that could be useful to breed elite varieties. We had obtained around 200 fused carrots (cybrids), 12 cybrids were self pollinated and produced seeds. Selected progenies are currently being evaluated for horticultural characteristics including self fertility.

Soybean (Glycine max, 2n = 2x = 40) is broadly distributed throughout East and South East Asia, and important crop as a source of protein, oil, food and animal feed. In order to better understand the morphological differentiation of soybean germplasm collected from China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, America, we analyzed the morphological variabilities among 629 soybeans with 11 morphological traits, such as growth type, leaflet, flower color, trichome, seed coat color, color inside seed etc. and measured the fatty acid composition. The result of the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) based on the 11 morphological traits revealed diversity among all accessions. The PCoA separated the accessions into two main groups, each group with distinctive features. Among tested germplasm, the contents of five fatty acids were as follows: linolenic acid (2.8%－16.23%), linoleic acid (27.4%－56.6%), oleic acid (9.2%－35.0%), stearic acid (2.9%－8.8%), and palmitic acid (8.7%－17.1%). The fatty acid composition has not shown significant variation among all accessions. IT 22268 was the highest linolenic acid composition (16.2%), while IT 154687 was the lowest (2.8%). Forty three of 629 accessions showed the arachidic acid (0.5%-3.6%), which is the saturated fatty acid with a 20 carbon chain and is as a minor constituent of peanut oil (1.1%-1.7%). This result of this characterization served as reliable resources for detailed description and new functional plant breeding of soybean varieties.

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Malvaceae that has been planted in Africa for more than 4000 years and used as source of fiber, energy and feed stock. Also, kenaf seeds are good source for edible oil used for first class cooking oil and margarine production. The seeds can be used for lubrication, soap, paint and varnishes. This study was carried out to evaluate fatty acids variation among sixteen kenaf germplasm and gamma-ray induced mutants derived from Jinju and Auxu. Linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acid were the predominant fatty acids in all kenaf seed oils. The sixteen accessions showed a wide range of fatty acid compositions, spanning from 28.94 to 43.36% saturated, 56.64 to 71.05% total unsaturated, 15.52 to 46.85% monounsaturated, and 13.56 to 48.97% polyunsaturated fatty acids. The mutant lines derived from Jinju, significantly surpassed parental mean for all the palmitic and oleic acid. Also, the mutant lines derived from Auxu showed broad ranges of variation in oleic and linoleic acid and narrow ranges of variation in stearic and palmitic acid. The relative amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were increased at all the gamma-ray induced mutants. These results will provide a valuable information to assist parental selection of kenaf breeding.

A set of nine Korean rice germplasm (KRG) along with the six indica lines were screened under irrigated non-stress and drought stress situations at IRRI in dry season (DS) 2011. The experiment received mild to moderate drought stress. Under irrigated situation, among all lines, IRRI119 yielded highest followed by PSBRc80 and PSBRc14. Among nine KRG, Hanareumbyeo yielded highest followed by Gayabyeo. Yield of Hanareumbyeo was similar to high yielding indica lines. Under drought, PSBRc14 provided the highest yield among indica lines and Hanarembyeo provided highest yield among nine KRG. Among nine KRG, Hanarembyeo provided the highest yield both under irrigated non-stress and drought stress situation. Parental polymorphism was performed with 125 SSR markers taking six KRG and three drought tolerant donors and polymorphic markers and japonica lines background specific markers were identified. The polymorphic markers in the region of three QTLs (DTY1.1, DTY2.2, DTY3.1) will be used for foreground genotyping for QTL introgression and background specific markers will be used for background genotyping. Sixteen rice germplasm could be separated into two main groups, japonica and indica groups by cluster analysis. The japonica and indica groups also classified as two subgroups, respectively. Based on results of screening of japonica lines under irrigated non-stress and drought stress situations, two KRG- Hanarembyeo and Jinmibyeo were selected for introgression of three QTLs (DTY1.1, DTY2.2 and DTY3.1) associated with grain yield under drought stress.

The objective of this study was to rapidly evaluate fatty acids in a collection of millet (Panicum miliaceum subsp. miliaceum) of different origins so that this information could be disseminated to breeders to advance germplasm use and breeding. To develop the calibration equations for rapid and nondestructive evaluation of fatty acid content, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRs) spectra (1104-2494 nm) of samples ground into flour (n =100) were obtained using a dispersive spectrometer. A modified partial least-squares model was developed to predict each component. For foxtail millet germplasm, our models returned coefficients of determination (R2 ) of 0.89, 0.89, 0.89, and 0.92 for palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and total fatty acids, respectively. The prediction of the external validation set (n=10) showed significant correlation between references values and NIRs values (r2 =0.64, 0.90, 0.79, and 0.89 for palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and total fatty acids, respectively). Standard deviation/standard errors of cross-validation (SD/SECV) values were close to 3 (2.62, 2.40, 1.85, and 2.23 for palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and total fatty acids, respectively). These results indicate that these NIRs equations are functional for the mass screening and rapid quantification of the oleic and total fatty acids characterizing millet germplasm. Among the samples, IT153514 showed an especially high content of fatty acids (48.14mg~;g-1 ), whereas IT123909 had a very low content (34.44mg~;g-1 ).

국내 전역에서 수집된 팥 150 유전자원을 공시하여 작물학적 형질 특성조사를 통한 품종육성의 기초자료를 제공코자 수행하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 신육형 빈도를 보면 무한신육형이 96.6%(145자원)를 차지하여 가장 많았으며, 유한신육형 및 반무한신육형은 각 각 2.0%(3자원), 1.3%(2자원)를 차지하였다. 2. 화색은 황색이 98.0%(147자원)를 차지하였으며, 협색은 노란색, 갈색, 농갈색, 흑황색, 혼합색의 5가지의 색으로 확인되었다. 이중 가장 많은 협색은 황색으로 64.3%(96자원)를 차지하였다. 종피색은 갈색, 농갈색, 흑색, 흰색, 혼합색, 적갈색, 황색 및 녹색으로 8가지의 립색을 나타내었으며, 적갈색 및 갈색계통이 전체의 66.5%를 차지하였다. 3. 생육일수는 89.0~142.0일의 분포를 보여 변이의 폭이 상당히 컷으며, 평균은 115.0일이었다. 생육일수의 빈도는 131.0~140.0일로 이에 속하는 자원이 37.2%(56 자원)를 차지하였으며, 다음은 121~130일 사이가 27.3%(41자원)를 차지하였다. 4. 협장은 5.9~10.1 cm를 나타내어 변이 폭이 컷으며, 평균은 7.8 cm이었다. 협장은 7.1~8.0 cm 사이에 속하는 자원이 45.1%(68 자원)로 가장 많았으며, 다음은 8.1~9.0 cm에 속하는 자원이 32.2%(48 자원)를 차지하였다. 5. 개체당 평균 협수는 28.5협이었으며 150 유전자원의 협수분포를 보면 5.0~132.5협을 나타내어 변이의 폭이 컷다. 개체당 협수가 가장 많은 자원은 11.0~20.0협 사이로 30.8%(46 자원)를 나타내었으며, 다음은 21.0~30.0협에 속하는 자원이 28.6%(43자원)를 차지하였다. 6. 협당립수는 5.3~11.3립을 나타내어 변이의 폭이 컷으며, 평균은 8.2립이었다. 협당립수가 가장 많은 그룹은 7.1~8.0립으로 32.2%(48자원)를 차지하였으며, 다음은 8.1~9.0립 사이에 속하는 자원이 28.2%(42자원)를 차지하였다. 7. 100립중은 범위가 5.7~23.0 g으로 변이 폭이 컷으며, 평균은 12.9 g이었다. 100립중의 분포는 9.01~13.0 g사이에 속하는 자원이 전체의 43.4%(65 자원)로 가장 많았으며, 다음은 13.01~17.00 g이 28.5%(43 자원)를 차지하였다.

The aim of this study was to evaluate 30 phenolic compounds in adzuki bean germplasm. Adzuki 21653 had the highest content of total phenolics compounds (6597~;~mug~;g-1 ) while 104372 had the lowest concentration. The average total phenolic content of Japanese (2432~;~mug~;g-1 ) adzuki beans was higher than that of Korean (2256~;~mug~;g-1 ) adzuki beans. The average total phenolic contents were 2507~;~mug~;g-1 in small sized adzuki beans from Japan and 2459~;~mug~;g-1 in those from Korea. In large sized adzuki beans, the average total phenolic contents were 1315~;~mug~;g-1 in Japanese seeds and 1232~;~mug~;g-1 in Korean seeds. The average total phenolic contents in medium seeds were 2369~;~mug~;g-1 in Japanese adzuki beans and 1397~;~mug~;g-1 in Korean ones. In small seeds, the total phenolic contents of adzuki beans varied from 524~;~mug~;g-1 to 6597~;~mug~;g-1 in Japanese ones and from 375~;~mug~;g-1 to 6569~;~mug~;g-1 in Korean ones. Japanese and Korean adzuki beans were divided into landraces and wild adzuki beans. In this study, the wild adzuki beans showed higher contents of total phenolics than the native varieties. Specifically, the wild adzuki beans from Korea had the highest concentration of phenolics (3403~;~mug~;g-1 ). All adzuki bean germplasms were measured for their color and were classified into four groups accordingly: A; L < 30, +a, +b; B; L < 30, +a, -b, C; L > 50, +a, +b, D; L > 50, +a, -b. Especially, group B had the highest concentration of total phenolic compounds (2827~;~mug~;g-1 ), whereas group C had the lowest concentration (1882~;~mug~;g-1 ).

The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversities of major rice blast resistance genes among 84 accessions of aromatic rice germplasm. Eighty four accessions were characterized by a dominant 11 set of PCR-based SNP and CAPS marker, which showed the broad spectrum resistance and closest linkage to seven major rice blast resistance (R) genes, Pia, Pib, Pii, Pi5 (Pi3), Pita (Pita-2), and Pi9 (t). The allele specific PCR markers assay genotype of SCAR and STS markers was applied to estimate the presence or absence of PCR amplicons detected with a pair of PCR markers. One indica accession, Basmati (IT211194), showed the positive amplicons of five major rice blast resistance genes, Pia, Pi5 (Pi3), Pib, Pi-ta (Pi-ta2), and Pik-5 (Pish). Among 48 accessions of the PCR amplicons detected with yca72 marker, only five accessions were identified to Pia gene on chromosome 11. The Pib gene was estimated with the NSb marker and was detected in 65 of 84 accessions. This study showed that nine of 84 accessions contained the Pii gene and owned Pi5 (Pi3) in 42 of 84 accessions by JJ817 and JJ113-T markers, which is coclosest with Pii on chromosome 9. Only six accessions were detected two alleles of the Pita or Pita-2 genes. Three of accessions were identified as the Pi9 (t) gene locus.

We collected and examined germplasm resources of lettuces, edible chrysanthemums and mallows for organic farmers. We found that 3 genotypes (OL-51, OL-52, and OL- 63) are suitable for organic cultivation. The main use of treatment for grey mold among eco-friendly pest control methods is helpful to increase efficiency of seedgathe끼ng after collecting and evaluating a total of 64 kinds of lettuces- collected 43 South Korea local varieties, 8 kinds cultivated by the Highland Agriculture Research Center, 4 kinds of cultivated lettuces, and 9 kinds for sales- to choose approp꺼ate kinds of lettuces for organic cultivation in South Korea. We chose those with more than 300 leaves (OC-18, OC-44, and OC-51) after evaluation of yield characteristics of a total of 62 edible chrysanthemums. We covered each genotype of seed of edible chrysanthemums when gathe끼ng the seeds by ourselves so as not to decrease the purity of each genotype. We chosed OM-38, OM-39, and OM-40 for their yield performance and germination rates among the total 41 genotypes of mallows. We selected 9 genotypes of lettuces, editable chrysanthemums and mallows with possibility of organic cultivation and found that they can be used permanently through self seed-gathering on organic farms.

Brown planthopper (BPH) is a serious insect pest of rice crop throughout rice growing countries, and yield loss due to its infection can be up to 60%. This study aimed to evaluate efficiency of molecular markers for screening BPH resistance accessions among 86 aromatic rice germplasm Eighty-six accessions of aromatic rice germplasm included two accessions of Tongil type (bred in Korea), 28 accessions of japonica type and 56 accessions of indica type. We applied eight STS markers (pBPH9, pBPH19, pBPH20, pBPH21, AJ09-b, RG457L, RG457B, and 7312.T4A) which were linked to four of BPH resistance genes, Bph1, Bph13(t), Bph10, and Bph18(t) respectively. One japonica type accession, 415XIr352, and six indica type accessions possessed one or four positive bands when tested with four STS markers linked to Bph1 gene. One indica type aromatic rice, Basmati9-93, showed the target bands linked to the Bph10 gene. The other accessions did not show same fragments as the respective resistant lines. Bph13(t) is the most widely introduced resistance gene and only one accession showed positive bands implying that this accession might harbor Bph10 and Bph18(t) genes. Three aromatic accessions, Domsiah, Khao Dawk Mali 105 and 415XIr352 showed gene pyramiding of Bph1 and Bph13(t). Two indica aromatic rice, Ds 20 and Basmati 9-93, possessed at least two BPH resistance genes, Bph1, Bph18(t) and Bph13(t), Bph18(t), respectively. These results indicates that aromatic rice germplasm have narrow diversities of BPR resistance genes.

1. 수수 성숙기에 간장 길이를 조사한 결과 6개체(12.2%) 가 300 cm 이상의 길이로 바이오매스가 우량한 것으로 파악되었으며, 10개체(20.4%)정도는 200~300 cm 사이의 평균 길이를 나타내었다. 2. 성숙기의 수수 줄기 직경에는 큰 차이를 보여준 개체는 없었으며, 대부분의 수수 수집종들은 2.2±0.1 cm 정도의 직경을 갖는 것으로 드러났다. 3. 본 연구에 시험한 수수 수집종들은 엽장이 60~70 cm 정도의 길이에 속하는 유전자원이 22 개체가 되는 것으로 나타났으며, 7개체는 70 cm 이상되는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 엽형은 49% 정도의 개체가 협단으로 분류되었고, 대부분의 엽맥색은 백색으로 나타났다. 5. 본 연구에 사용된 대부분의 수수의 수형은 반밀수 타원형이 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 수장은 평균적으로 20~30 cm에 달하는 것으로 나타났다.

Fifty-five sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) germplasm from the Rural Development Administration (RDA) were analyzed for their fruit yield and fruit quality characters, including fruit weight, fruit size, pericarp thickness, total soluble content, fruit lobe, fruit shape, fruit surface and fruit color. Fruit yield per plot ranged from 200 g to 8150 g (average, 1884 g). Fruit fresh-weight per fruit ranged from 27.3 g to 200.0 g with an average of 97.2 g. Fruit length varied from 4.0 cm to 16.2 cm (average, 9.6 cm). Fruit length-to-width ratio ranged from 0.6 to 3.0 with an average 1.7. The fruit pericarp thickness ranged from 1.8 mm to 10.7 mm (average, 4.8 mm). Total soluble content was the highest (8.5˚ Brix) in K156286 and the lowest (5.3˚ Brix) in K156208 with the average value 6.7˚ Brix. Fruit lobes numbers varied from 2 to 4. Blocky, triangular, elongated, rectangular and round fruit shape identified among the sweet pepper accessions. Fruit surface varied from smooth to wrinkle and fruit color also varied. The presence of variability in fruit yield and quality traits within the sweet pepper genotypes can be utilized to develop high yielding sweet pepper variety with better fruit quality characters.

토마토는 세계적으로 매우 중요한 과채류로서, 과실 내에 카로티노이드의 함량이 많아 항암효과, 노화방지 및 비타민이 풍부하다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내외로 부터 수집한 토마토 유전자원 771계통을 대상으로 과색, 과형, 과중, pH, 산도 및 당도 등 주요형질의 분포를 분석하였다. 과색의 분포는 적색과가 약 85%을 차지하며, 복숭아색, 황색, 녹, 오랜지, 백색, 흑색순을 보였다. 과형은 편구가 46%, 정구가 27% 등 다양한 형태로 나타났으며, 과즙당도의 분포범위는 최소 2,2%부터 11,5%까지로 평균 5.6%이었다. 또한 과즙의 산도 분포 범위는 최소 0.124%부터 최대 1.665%까지로, 평균치는 0.881%이었다. 과육중의 라이코핀 함량의 분포범위는 최소 0.0 μg/g부터 80.4 μg/g까지로 평균 43.3 μg/g이었으며, β-카로틴 함량은 최소 1.8 μg/g부터 최대 48.8 μg/g까지로 평균치는 10.8 μg/g이었다. 수집 유전자원의 주요 형질간 상관는 당도와 산도, 산도와 pH, pH와 라이코핀, 라이코핀과 β-카로틴 등이 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과로부터 주요 형질이 높은 유전자원을 이용하여, 고당함유 품종육성, 고 색소함유 품종육성 등 고기능성 토마토 품종육성에 크게 기여 할 것이라고 생각된다.