In this paper, we studied the applicability of data driven model, AAKR(Auto-Associative Kernel Regression) for generator power loss estimation. Correlation analysis performed on 39 turbine system variables for dataset construction and then 13 variables were selected as highly correlated with generator power output. For a memory vector, 95~100% thermal power section data were used and data at normal power condition for 3 month were extracted for query vector. Analysis result shows that 9 variables show good prediction between measured and estimated data, 2 variables show good correlation but with small bias and 2 variables show increasing difference and low correlation with the passage of time, which assumed to be cause of electric output loss.

PURPOSES : Concrete pavement is excellent in structural performance and durability. However, its functionality – such as noise and skid resistance – is a shortcoming. Functionality such as noise reduction and skid resistance of concrete pavement is affected by the texture surface, and the texture surface is classified according to the length of the wavelength. In recent years, Fine-size exposed aggregate concrete pavement has been applied, which has excellent structural performance and durability, and secures functionalities such as noise reduction and long-term skid resistance by randomly forming texture surface. Fine-size exposed aggregate concrete pavements are constructed by removing the surface cement binder to randomly expose coarse aggregate and their functionality is mainly governed by the surface texture. However, deteriorated concrete by tire-pavement friction and deicing agent may cause abrasion and aggregate loss on the surface texture; thus reducing their functional performances. Abrasion is created by the thin cutoff of aggregate texture under repeated tire-pavement friction. In addition, aggregate loss is defined by the detachment of aggregates from cement binder. This study aims to evaluate the abrasion and aggregate loss of Fine-size exposed aggregate concrete pavement surface texture under tire-pavement friction and scaling tests. METHODS : In the study, abrasion and aggregate loss of tining and exposed aggregate concrete surface treatments were evaluated. Deterioration of each surface treatment was replicated by scaling test under ASTM C 672 test method. Afterward, abrasion test was conducted by ASTM C779 to simulate the tire-pavement friction under traffic. Consequently, abrasion and aggregate loss were measured. RESULTS : Abrasion depth of non-scaling tining, 10-mm EACP, and 8-mm EACP was 1.76, 1.12, and 1.01mm, respectively. Compared to scaling surface treatments, the difference of abrasion depth in tining texture was the largest with value of 0.4mm. For both textures of finesize exposed aggregate concrete, abrasion depth difference was about 0.1mm. Moreover, The 10-mm EACP exhibited a 2.6% of aggregate loss rate caused by tire-pavement friction before conducting concrete deterioration test. After 40-cycle scaling test, aggregate loss increased up to 12.2%. For 8-mm EACP, aggregate loss rate was 1.7% on non-scaling concrete. Further, this rate was magnified up to 7.3% for the 40-cycle scaling concrete. CONCLUSIONS : Under non-scaling or scaling tests, fine-size exposed aggregate concrete pavement showed better abrasion resistance than tining texture since tining was formed by aggregates and cement binder. Additionally, rate of aggregate loss was significant when EACP experienced the deicing agent under numerous cycles of freeze-thaw action.

본 연구는 일정한 풍환경하에 온실 피복재 관류전열손실을 분석하기 위하여 온실 열손실 분석용 소형 풍동을 제작하고 그 성능을 분석하였으며 모형온실을 적용하였을 때의 관류전열손실을 분석하였다. 소형 풍동은 시험부 측 공기흐름이 정상상태를 유지하고 편차를 최소화하기 위하여 풍동의 각 요소를 반영하여 구성하였으며 송풍부, 확산부, 정류부, 축소부, 시험부로 구성하였다. 소형 풍동의 형태는 개방형, 토출식으로 결정하였고, 시험부 규격은 제작하고자 하는 모형온실의 규격과 상사비율, 시험부의 단면 폐쇄율을 감안하여 결정하였다. 상사비율을 풍동실험에 적용할 모형은 농업시설 중 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있는 단동 비닐온실을 대상으로 하였다. 소형풍동 내 풍속을 조절함에 따라 나타나는 모형온실 피복재의 관류전열계수는 피복재 면을 크게 지붕면과 측벽면, 앞뒷면으로 나누고 각 면별 계측 데이터를 평균 내어 산출하였다. 지붕면은 풍속이 증가함에 따라 전열계수도 증가하나 증가폭이 감소하는 구간은 배치각도에 따라 1-2ms-1과 2-3ms-1으로 구분되어지는 것으로 판단되었다. 측벽면의 전열계수가 증가하는 폭이 큰 구간은 0-1ms-1 구간인 것으로 판단된다.

예이츠의 초기시는 낭만주의와 라파엘전파 시인들의 영향과 모드 곤을 비롯한 여러 여인들과의 관계에서 동기를 부여받은 연애시가 많다. 그러나 그의 사랑 의 갈망은 상대 여인의 반응과 그들이 처한 상황에 따라 이루어지지 못함으로써 좌절 과 상실감을 겪게 되고 시인은 그런 감정을 시 속에 투영하였다. 시인의 사랑의 갈망 을 계속 거절함으로써 시인에게 좌절과 상실감을 안겨준 모드 곤과 시인에게 여성의 따뜻함을 제공한 셰익스피어 부인과의 관계를 반영한 시편들이 초기시집인 『교차로』 와 『갈대밭에 부는 바람』에 실려 있다. 젊은 시인이 겪은 사랑의 갈구와 좌절은 그가 훌륭한 연애 시인이 되는 데 기여했다.

To investigate the effects of antioxidant activities and hair loss prevention of extracts from Platycodon grandiflorum, we’ve prepared chloroform (CF) and ethylacetate fractions (EA) extracted from P. grandiflorum. In the results of DPPH radical scavenging assay, the two fractions showed dose-dependent antioxidant activities. Furthermore, in the ABTS assay, the two fractions exhibited the inhibitory effect over 90% at 10, 50, 100, 200 mg/mL. To investigate the inflammation inhibitory effect, we used RAW264.7 cells, these extracts were inhibited inflammatory reaction by suppressing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in dose-dependent manner. In the assay of HaCaT cells’ proliferation, the 24 hr treatment of the extracts significantly accelerarted cell proliferation in the range of concentrations used. The two fractions inhibited the proliferation of Malssezia furfur, the bacteria induce the dandruff. Finally, the CF could significantly inhibit the DHT production at 1, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL, but EA showed the inhibitory effect at the concentration over 50 μg/mL. The overall results of this study suggest that the chloroform (CF) and ethylacetate fractions (EA) from P. grandiflorum could be a useful raw material for the hair loss prevention products.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mangosteen extract complex (MEC; Garcinia mangostana L. and propolis extracts) on the inhibition of inflammation and prevention of alveolar bone loss using a ligature-induced periodontitis model. Rat molars were ligatured with silk, and 1 μg/mL of lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis was injected into the buccal and palatal gingivae of the teeth with or without treatment with the MEC. Changes in the expression levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-8 (IL-8), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, and COX-2 in gingival tissues were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Alveolar bone loss around the ligated molars was examined using micro-computed tomography. The expression levels of PGE2, IL-8, iNOS, MMP-8, COX-1, and COX-2 in gingival tissues were significantly reduced in the group treated with a mixture of 16 μg of mangosteen extract powder and 544 μg of propolis extract powder (ligation [Lig] + lipopolysaccharide extracted from P. gingivalis KCOM 2804 [L] + MEC 1:34). Additionally, alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the Lig + L + MEC 1:34 group compared with that in other groups. These results indicate that the MEC could be useful in preventing and treating periodontitis.

문화재 보호와 국민의 재산권 보장은 헌법에서 규정한 국가의 당연한 책무이다. 그러나 현실은 그러하지 못하다. 지표조사 과정에서 유물이 발견되면 모든 공사는 즉시 중단되고 발굴조사를 진행하여야 하며, 이에 따른 개발지연으로 사업비용 증가는 물론 발굴·보존비용 전부를 개발사업자가 부담해야 한다. 또한 역사·예술·학술적 가치에 따라서 문화재보존지역·문화재보호구역·고도보전지역 등으로 지정돼 건축물의 신축·증·개축 제한 등 재산권 행사에 많은 제약이 따르고 있다. 그 결과 각종 개발 사업으로 인한 매장문화재 훼손·파괴의 원인을 제공하고 있다. 문화재청에서는 개인 및 영세사업자가 지불해야 할 비용의 부담을 해소하기 위하여 지표조사 국비지원 사업과 소규모 발굴조사 국비지원 사업을 운영하고 있다. 그러나 근본적인 손실보상 대책 없이 제한적으로 지원하는 이러한 지원사업은 유명무실하다는 비판을 받고 있다. 이에 매장문화재 발굴에 따른 손실보상의 문제점과 개선방안을 제시함으로써 보다 효과적인 손실 보상대책이 이루어 질 수 있도록 하고자 한다. 지표·발굴조사 지원 정책의 한계와 문제점을 개선하기 위해서는 지표조사 및 발굴조사 지원 대상을 모든 토지로 확대 개편해야 한다. 매장문화재 훼손 방지를 위해서는 처벌기준의 강화와 더불어 매장문화재 보상금 제도 도입이 필요하다. 손실보상을 위한 보존재원 마련 방안으로 문화재발굴조사비라는 납세항목을 신설해야 하며, 결합건축제도, 개발권양도제, 용적률거래제, 결합개발제도를 적극 도입·활용하여 보존 재원을 마련해야 한다.

Among service industries of knowledge based economic era, the roles of educational service field are becoming more important and standard of educational service makes a direct effect on economic development and social growth. Therefore, accurate measurement of service quality is the most important assignment and the measurement of the service quality remains difficult assignment. So, this researcher classified quality attributes applying weighted value and found potential satisfaction level(PSL) and potential customer demand improvement index(PCDI) for trainees participating in national manpower business so as to suggest measurement of service quality and easiness of use and then, calculated satisfaction position and opportunity cost by quality factor with Taguchi’s loss fraction. And, improvable satisfaction level was measured, opportunity cost by degree of customer dissatisfaction was quantitatively measured, and a model that can indicate with economic factors was suggested. In addition, methodology of measuring quality cost that can be reduced by quality improvement and direction of strategic decision-making for deciding items to be improved preferentially were suggested with qualitative index that can indicate the degree of customers’ dissatisfaction by loss.

과실류의 수확 후 손실률을 정밀하고 과학적으로 산출하기 위하여 종합손실률과 평균손실률 계산 모델을 개발하고, 이를 적용하여 산지유통센터 3개소의 저장 사과의 손실률 산출 및 확대 적용 방안을 제시하였다. 과실류 저장 중 증가하는 중량감소율과 비상품과율을 동시에 표현하기 위하여 종합손실률 계산 모델「종합손실률 = 비 상품과율 + 상품과 내 중량감소율」 을 개발하였다. 사과와 같이 상대적으로 저장을 오래하는 과실류는 시장 수요에 대응하여 출하량을 조절하므로, 저장기간별 출하량 비중을 반영하여 저장 평균손실률 계산 모델「저장 평균손실률 = Σ (저장기간별 종합손실률 × 저장기간별 출하비율」 을 개발하였다. 개선된 손실률 계산 모델을 사과의 저장 평균손실률과 포도의 수확 후 선별 손실률 산출에 적용한 사례를 제시하였다. 산지유통센터 3개소의 ‘후지’ 사과의 6개월 간 저장 평균손실률은 4.7%로 산출하였으며, ‘캠벨얼리’, ‘거봉’, ‘MBA’ 포도의 수확 후 선별 시 발생하는 평균 손실률을 3.4%로 산출하였다. 또한 유통시장 형태별 물량 점유율을 손실률에 적용하여 특정 과실의 유통시장 내 평균손실률 산출 예시를 제시하였다. 시료 수, 조사지역, 품종 둥을 확대하여 개선된 손실률 계산 모델을 적용한다면 수확 후 손실의 정밀한 진단이 가능하며, 수확후관리 기술의 발전에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대되며 해외농업기술개발사업 대상인 개발도상국의 수확후관리 매뉴얼개발에 활용이 가능할 것으로 보인다.

The present study aimed to investigate rapid weight loss (RWL) and consequent physical and psychological challenges among judo athletes at the national athlete training center in 2017. The following results were obtained. Judo athletes used weight loss methods such as “gradually reduce meal portion,” “skip meals,” “limit water intake,” “wear sweat suit for training,” and “use sauna,” and had physical and mental distress from such unhealthy weight management practices. Information about weight loss was obtained from “colleagues or senior athletes,” “Internet,” and “head coach or coach,” and not experts such as nutritionists or physicians. Thus, athletes are recommended to employ healthy weight control methods based on advice from experts, such as nutritionists and physicians

Quality requirements of manufactured products or parts are given in the form of specification limits on the quality characteristics of individual units. If a product is to meet the customer’s fitness for use criteria, it should be produced by a process which is stable or repeatable. In other words, it must be capable of operating with little variability around the target value or nominal value of the product’s quality characteristic. In order to maintain and improve product quality, we need to apply statistical process control techniques such as histogram, check sheet, Pareto chart, cause and effect diagram, or control charts. Among those techniques, the most important one is control charting. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) control charts have been used in statistical process control (SPC) in industries for monitoring process shifts and supporting online measurement. The objective of this research is to apply Taguchi's quality loss function concept to cost based CUSUM control chart design. In this study, a modified quality loss function was developed to reflect quality loss situation where general quadratic loss curve is not appropriate. This research also provided a methodology for the design of CUSUM charts using Taguchi quality loss function concept based on the minimum cost per hour criterion. The new model differs from previous models in that the model assumes that quality loss is incurred even in the incontrol period. This model was compared with other cost based CUSUM models by Wu and Goel, According to numerical sensitivity analysis, the proposed model results in longer average run length in in-control period compared to the other two models.

Osteoporosis is a major worldwide public health problem that poses a great economic burden to society. Puerariae Radix, the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Wild.) Ohwi, has been widely used in Asia. This study investigated the effects of Puerariae Radix (PR) on bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. C3H/HeN mice (10 weeks old) were divided into sham and OVX groups. The OVX mice were treated with vehicle, 17β-estradiol (E2), PR (oral administration, 250 mg/ kg/day) or PR (intraperitoneal administration, 50 mg/ kg/every other day) for 6 weeks. Grip strength, uterus weight, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), estradiol concentration and osteoclast surface levels were measured. Tibiae were analyzed using microcomputed tomography. There were no significant differences in the degree of grip strength, body weight and uterine weight between OVX group and PR-treated group. As compared with the OVX group, the serum estradiol levels were significantly increased in the PR-treated group. PR (i.p.) significantly preserved trabecular bone volume, trabecular bone number, structure model index and bone mineral density of proximal tibiae metaphysic. The administration of PR lowered serum ALP and osteoclast surface levels in OVX mice, suggesting that PR can reduce the bone turnover rate in mice. The results indicate that the supply of PR can prevent OVX-induced bone loss in mice.

세라마이드는 일반적으로 화장품 산업에서 피부의 보습 및 피부장벽강화에 도움을 주는 성분으로 많은 연구와 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이번 연구에서는 일반적인 합성 세라마이드가 아닌 달맞이꽃오일에서 얻은 천연 세라마이드를 함유한 보습크림이 피부의 보습 및 경피수분손실량의 변화에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 확인하였다. 세라마이드를 함유한 보습크림이 세라마이드들 함유하지 않은 보습크림과 비교하여 피부보습력과 경피수분손실량에서 우수한 결과 값을 나타내었음을 확인하였다.

The ocean is very important to mankind for its infinite value in resource storage and utilization. In shallow coastal waters, landfill as well as pollution damage occurs frequently for the promotion of important public and private projects that are the driving forces of national development. In this case, compensation paid for the loss or damage of fishing rights acquired by the fishing community shall be distributed to each individual of the fishing community in accordance with the appropriate balance. In reality, as fishing communities in different sectors coexist, the voting rights of the general meeting of fishing communities are ignored as a minority, and the demand for the rights is ignored by the majority. Many other industries receive fish compensation, even though they have not suffered much damage. As a result serious conflicts between the individuals of the fishing community have caused social problems. Therefore, similar cases are investigated and analyzed to provide a reasonable solution.

In this study, the conventional cylinder-shaped lower bar on the canvas was modified and its performance was tested to improve the opening force of the stow net on anchor. The improved new lower bar used in the test is consisted of 13 flat bars with a length of 1.8 m, a width of 0.075 m and a thickness of 4 mm, and a pipe with a length of 2.0 m and a diameter of 50 mm. A stow net with the improved lower bar and a stow net with an existing lower bar were installed underwater and their trajectories for 21 hours were examined. To confirm their trajectories, GPS loggers were attached to the buoys on the left and right canvases and the buoy of the hauling rope. As a result of the test, the rotation of the gear with the improved bar was smoother than that with the existing bar. As a result of comparing the changes in the interval of the buoys attached to the canvas after the low and high tide, the buoy spacing of the gear with the improved bar is wider than that of the conventional gear; moreover, the larger the interval, the smoother the rotation of the fishing gear was. Therefore, it is considered that using the improved lower bar can enhance the performance of the stow net.