The multilateralization of international investment law has witnessed repeated disappointments over the past six decades. Current negotiations regarding the Investment Chapter within the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement may bring about a new promise for this process. It is necessary for the TPP negotiating parties to have a proper understanding of this recent history. Circumstances under which the TPP negotiations are conducted are quite different from those of the past. Thus, it can be assumed that TPP negotiations will be concluded successfully and may have profound implications on the multilateralization of international investment law. Since TPP negotiations have multilateral consequences, several new initiatives have been proposed amongst the TPP negotiating parties, which may help alleviate the ‘legitimacy crisis’ of the past two decades. These initiatives include a new principle of Special and Differential treatment, operative provisions on investment promotion, a Side Agreement on code of conduct of transnational corporations, and an appellate mechanism for reviewing arbitral awards.

본 논문에서 2011년 출범한 글로벌벼연구협력체계(GRiSP: Global Rice Science Partnership)의 개관과 연구내용을 기술하고, 우리나라의 GRiSP 참여 및 기여, 그리고 전망에 대해 제안하였다. 1. GRiSP는 벼 신품종, 신기술을 통한 생산성 증대, 지속가능하고 효율적인 쌀농업생산계체 확립, 그리고 정보전달 매커니즘을 통한 각 쌀 생산 영역의 균형성과 효율성 증대를 목표로 하며, 각 6개의 주제(theme)에 총 26개의 성과관리체계(product line: PL)를 두고 있다. 2. 2013년 현재47개국 903개의 연구기관이 GRiSP에 참여하고 있으며, 참여기관별 비중은 정부기관 및 출연연구소 (43.6%), 선진연구소 및 학계(25.9%), 시민단체(16.6%), 기업(12.5%), CGIAR(1.4%) 순이다. 3. GRiSP는 다국적 또는 지역적으로 특화되어 있는 다양한 컨소시움 또는 네트워크를 포함하며, 각각은 품종보급, 쌀의 품질과 영양개선, 벼 유전자원의 표현형 또는 유전자 기능 연구, 지속가능농업 기술, 생물공학 등을 공유한다. 4. GRiSP의 핵심기관인 IRRI의 2010-2011년 주요연구재원은, CGIAR(25.3%), 빌앤멜린다게이츠 재단(24.5%), 미국(8.0%), 일본(7.5%) 등을 들 수 있다. 5. 한국의 농촌진흥청은 지난 50년 간 IRRI와 긴밀히 연구협력을 해왔으며, 품종 및 재배기술 개발, 유전자원관련 연구등 총 49개의 연구주제가 GRiSP 연구성과관리체계에 대응될 수 있고, 현재 3개에 과제에 한국이 참여하고 있다. GRiSP의연구 내용 중 우리나라의 참여가 요구되는 전망 있는 분야로는 (1) 분자육종을 이용한 신품종 개발, (2) ICT와 쌀농업의결합, (3) 국제협력체계의 구축, (4) 농업에서의 여성의 역할,그리고 (5) 쌀농업의 후학 양성과 농업정책적 기여 등을 제안해 볼 수 있다.

본 연구의 목적은 고성과작업체계론을 통해 한국 기업의 작업장혁신 실태를 파악하고 나아가 작업장 혁신이 기업성과에 미치는 영향관계 그리고 이 관계에 대한 노사협의회 활성화 정도의 조절효과를 실증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 선행연구에 기반하여 고성과작업체계 및 노사협의회의 실태를 파악하기 위한 연구모형을 설계하고 1,180개 한국 기업에 대해 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 우선 한국 기업의 고성과작업체계 수준은 240점 만점에 11

Although digital contents markets grow very rapidly and are known as a higher value added industry, there is also potential risk in producing digital contents. Thus, many firms have begun to produce a firm's digital contents by outsourcing from other companies in order to catch-up new technologies and to make stable profits. However, since contracts are decided mostly based on bidding price and also standard contract are not available, there is a limit on the benefit from the contents outsourcing. Thus, this study argues that if both contract factors such as contract concreteness and flexibility are well managed, the on-line digital contents will increase the performance of a firm. This study deals with the influence on the firm's performance by the outsourcing in contract factors based on the empirical analysis. Using regression analysis with these two dependent variables, the findings showed that the contract concreteness had positive effects on both cost improvement performance and efficiency improvement performance, but the contract feasibility only had positive effect on efficiency improvement performance. In addition, the result of the study showed that the contract performance of outsourcing the digital contents have a positive impact on the partnership intention.

In the global knowledge economy society, the quality of human resource is the key for competition. Adults are the mainstream of workforce and therefore adult learning has been a crucial investment for economic targets. Due to the characteristic, adult learning is offered by diverse stakeholders and how to improve the partnership between providers has been a significant issue. The paper is based on an empirical study in Chinese Taipei’s local communities and there are meaningful results explored into 311 subjects in six different local communities. The findings are intended to apply in APEC member countries and recommendations are raised to develop educational partnership and networking for competing in global knowledge economy society.

The entry into force of the Japan-Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement on July 1, 2008, is highly expected to boost Japan’s investment in Indonesia due to the fact that it is the most comprehensive bilateral agreement between the two countries. The JIEPA covers most areas of economic cooperation, including: taxation, trade in goods, trade in services, movement of natural persons, government procurement, intellectual property, investment etc. Some potential legal issues are anticipated during the implementation of the JIEPA due to some differences between the JIEPA and the Indonesian legal system. This article focuses on issues related to foreign investment related law, namely: instrument of ratification and its legal implications; review mechanism; legal certainty; continuation of business activities; termination of business activities; protection and guarantee of foreign investment such as minimum standard of treatment; investment risks; and disputes settlement mechanism.

Manufacturers of shock absorbers are continuously innovating for improving safety and enhance comfort in cars. The PM industry, as important supplier of components for shock absorbers, has gone along with this evolution by developing the required technology. This paper presents examples of components and technology to meet demanding market requirements. They have been selected by their representative character but there are many other interesting components that we cannot show because of the limited extension of a paper.

Church is the living body of Jesus ChriSt. Church, therefore, must be growing as a1l living creatures are growing. Conceming this matter the point is how the church grows. Does it grow in a healthy way? Or in a unhealthy way? Every christians should make a great effort to church growth in a healthy way. The star따19 point of building healthy church growth is on the ground of defining the right relationship with laity. Thus it can be said that Pastor’ s understanding for laity confirms the direction in his/her rninistry. There are two kinds of pastors ’s understanding for laity. One is the partnership with the laity, the other is the lordship with the laity. Theologically speaking distinction between the c1ergy and the laity is not biblical. Historica1ly, this distinction was a consequence from the hierarchy system of Roman Catholic church. Partnership with the laity is right in five points. Firstly, it is the biblical. According to Acts, deacon played very important roles in the rninistry of the churches in Acts. They distributed the food for the needed(Acts 6: 1-4), deacon Philip taught the Scripture to the Ethiopian eunuch(Acts 8:26-35)) and even Philip baptised him(Acts 8:36- 40). Secondly, it is matched in the spirit of reformation. ln a sense, reformation released rninisσy from the c1ergy to the laity. Thirdly, it is more efficient from the management point of view. In the management studies, it is general1y acknowledged that a multi-oriented management model is far more effecti ve than a mono-oriented model. In line with this, church is not able to grow without 99 percent laity. Fourthly, it is right in contextual theological p이 nt of view. Fifthly, it is right in the Korean church historical point of view Korean church has allowed the laity in ministry from her early times. But there is a danger in partnership with the laity. That is, a danger of di sorder in the church, a danger of heretical teaching, a danger of neglecting the pastor in the church and so on. Some suggestions could be provided here for minimizing these kinds of danger. Firstly, distinction between the clergy and the laity can be done not the basis of status but gifts and talents. Secondly, activities in pastoral ministry of the laity should be confined by the senior pastor. Thirdly, the laity should serve in churcb according to his/her gifts. Fourthly, the laity involving minisσY should be trained constantly. There are three famous churches to achieve church growth in good P따tnership with the laity. Sarang church in Seoul, Onnuri church in Seoul, Willow Creek Community church in Chicago In conclusion, we Korean churches are now facing to decline. The key point is relation with the laity. For Korean churches, this is a time to have the paradigm shift. Let us building good partnership with the laity, inviting and equipping them, serving Lord together.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how the unique partnership of Dancesport develops, what are its key factors, and to specify the concepts derived from the process of development. Methods: To collect data, in-depth interviews were conducted with 6 pairs of national competition champions who have more than 5 years of partnership experience and who are registered in the Korean Federation of Dancesport. The data collected from the interviews were analyzed by Triangulation in open coding, axis coding, and selection coding according to Grounded Theory methodology. Results: With coding, 66 concepts, 17 subcategories and 6 upper categories were found. These were categorized and structured. When analyzing the results, first, the participants met their partners and ‘shared goal consciousness’ each other. Second, by accumulating various positive experiences, they built four types of strong ‘trust’. Third, ‘behavior of trust maintenance’ was influenced by various stimulations, both positively and negatively. Finally, a ‘harmonization’ of partnerships developed. Conclusion: Several of the concepts investigated were found to exist multidimensionally as the process of partnership developed over time. We suggest that a theoretical verification for the process of developing partnership is needed.

본 연구의 목적은 댄스스포츠 파트너십 척도를 개발하는 것이며 이를 위해 첫째, 댄스스포츠 파트너십 척도를 개발하고, 둘째, 개발된 척도에 대한 타당성을 검증하며 마지막으로 본 연구 참여자의 배경변인에 따른 댄스스포츠 파트너십의 차이점을 살펴보았다. 2010년 대한댄스스포츠경기연맹(KFD)에 등록된323명의 댄스스포츠 선수들을 대상으로 본 연구에서 개발된 척도를 배포하고 자료들을 수집하였으며, 수집된 자료에 대해서 기술통계 분석과 신뢰도 분석 그리고 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 척도를 개발하였다. 또한 수렴타당도와 변별타당도 검사를 실시하여 타당성을 검증하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구 참여자의 댄스스포츠 파트너십의 차이점을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 본 연구에서 개발된 댄스스포츠 파트너십 척도는 최종적으로 심판-관중호응 요인 9문항, 신뢰 요인 3문항, 신체조화 요인 3문항, 경제조건 요인 3문항으로 총 18문항이 개발되었다. 둘째, 개발된 댄스스포츠 파트너십 척도는 변별타당성과 수렴타당성을 가진 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 개발된 댄스스포츠 파트너십 척도는 성과 종목에서는 차이가 없었으나 연령이나 파트너 경력, 소속에 따라서는 파트너십의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점을 제시하고 본 연구의 결과를 더욱 발전시키기 위해서 후속 연구자를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

본 연구의 목적은 댄스스포츠 파트너십에 대한 심층적인 정보를 얻는 것이다. 연구참여자는 우수 댄스스포츠 고교 선수 6명, 프로 선수 4명 및 우수 댄스스포츠 지도자 2명이며 이들에게 댄스스포츠 파트너십의 시점, 장소, 대상, 내용, 방법 그리고 파트너십의 강조 이유 등(5w1h) 6개의 개방형질문을 제시했다. 심층면접에서는 개방형 질문외에 경기력과 파트너십의 관계 및 이상적인 파트너상에 대해 질문을 실시했다. 개방형 질문과 심층면접의 결과는 귀납적 내용분석을 통해서 실시했다. 개방형 질문에 대한 325개의 원자료가 확보되었고 이를 다시 29개의 세부영역과 6개의 일반영역으로 구분했다. 심층면접의 결과, 댄스스포츠 파트너십은 시간과 장소에 제한되지 않고 생활 전반에 걸쳐서 모두 나타났다. 선수들은 자신의 파트너뿐만 아니라 관중의 호응과 지도자의 피드백 그리고 경쟁상대의 분위기 등을 통해서 파트너십이 표현되는 것으로 진술했다. 또한 파트너십을 배려, 매너, 헌신성으로 간주했지만 왜 파트너십이 중요한가에 대해서 대부분의 연구참여자들이 경기결과와 밀접한 관련이 있기 때문이라고 답변했다. 이상적인 파트너는 상대에 대한 배려나 연습의 몰입, 우수한 운동수행 능력과 더불어서 외모나 경제적 여유가 있는 파트너가 뽑혔다. 연구결과와 관련된 특징과 요인에 대해서 논의했으며, 후속 연구에 대한 제언을 했다.