The biodiesel production characteristics in a pulsed-corona plasma reactor has been investigated through parametric tests. Transesterification of rapeseed oil together with camelina oil was done with the change of such variables as voltage of power, molar ratio, KOH catalyst and temperature. The energetic electrons emitted from pulsed-corona plasma has contributed to the enhancement of yield on rapeseed oil in short time (15 min). The higher yield on camelina oil was observed in 5 min. The optimal parameters were shown as the voltage of 23 kV, the molar ratio of 5/1, the content of KOH catalyst of 0.6 wt% and the temperature of 28℃ under the rotating rate of spark gap of 900 rpm.

최근 인구 증가 및 기후 변화로 인해 채소를 비롯한 농작물에 대한 수요가 증가되고 있는 가운데 우즈베키스탄에서는 채소 및 식량자원의 자급 달성을 위한 대규모 사업을 추진하여 왔다. 그 결과독립 후 현재까지 약 20년간 채소 생산량은 약 140%, 감자는 168%각각 증가하였고, 특히 최근 5년간에 채소 생산량은 1.7배나 증가하였다. 채소 생산량의 증가에도 불구하고 우즈벡은 여전히 수요량을 충족하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이는 인구 증가와 더불어 정부의 목화와 곡물 생산 집중, 관개면적의 확대 제한 등에 기인하고있다. 우즈벡의 채소산업의 미래는 생산 장려와 수출가능성 때문에 밝다고 할 수 있다. 특히 채소 공급업자들은 러시아, 카자흐스탄과 같은 주요 수출시장에 기반을 구축해 있고 그 외 중앙아시아와 중국 시장도 우즈벡 채소산업의 성장 가능성을 말해 주고 있다.

In this study, predictive mathematical models were developed to predict the kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes growth in the mixed fresh-cut vegetables, which is the most popular ready-to-eat food in the world, as a function of temperature (4, 10, 20 and 30oC). At the specified storage temperatures, the primary growth curve fit well (r2 = 0.916~0.981) with a Gompertz and Baranyi equation to determine the specific growth rate (SGR). The Polynomial model for natural logarithm transformation of the SGR as a function of temperature was obtained by nonlinear regression (Prism, version 4.0, GraphPad Software). As the storage temperature decreased from 30oC to 4oC, the SGR decreased, respectively. Polynomial model was identified as appropriate secondary model for SGR on the basis of most statistical indices such as mean square error (MSE = 0.002718 by Gompertz, 0.055186 by Baranyi), bias factor (Bf = 1.050084 by Gompertz, 1.931472 by Baranyi) and accuracy factor (Af = 1.160767 by Gompertz, 2.137181 by Baranyi). Results indicate L. monocytogenes growth was affected by temperature mainly, and equation was developed by Gompertz model (−0.1606 + 0.0574*Temp + 0.0009*Temp*Temp) was more effective than equation was developed by Baranyi model (0.3502 − 0.0496*Temp + 0.0022*Temp* Temp) for specific growth rate prediction of L. monocytogenes in the mixed fresh-cut vegetables.

본 연구에서는 강원도 춘천지역에서 발생하는 환경 오폐수를 시료로 하여 미생물을 혼합하여 제조한 수질정화제를 실제 하천과 호수의 오염환경과 유사한 배양기내에서 생물학적반응을 시켜 오염물질의 정화정도를 측정하고 평가하였다. 사용된 미생물은 식물성 유산균(vegetable Lactobacillus fermentum), 효모(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)와 고초균(Bacillus subtilis)이다. 두 가지의 미생물혼합제를 투입하여 정화정도를 실험하였다. 실제 하천에 투입하여 정화되는 과정과 유사하게 반응을 시키고자 반응 온도는 21(±3)oC로 하였으며 완전교반을 진행하였다. 사용한 시료의 오폐수의 오염도와 미생물에 의한 정화정도를 평가하기 위하여 총질소 함량과 총인 함량을 측정하였다. V.L.F.와 S.C.의 혼합물로 구성된 혼합제의 경우 총질소함량을 감소시키는데 매우 효과적임을 보여주었으며, V.L.F., S.C.,와 B.S.로 구성된 혼합제의 경우 그 총인의 함량을 저감화하는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 본 실험에서 얻어진 실험 데이터를 통하여 V.L.F.와 S.C.의 혼합제가 오폐수의 정화반응에서 나타나는 반응상수값을 도출하였으며 그 값은 0.178 day-1이었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 저감화하고자 하는 성분에 따라 미생물의 종류와 그 혼합비를 조절하는 최적화과정이 필수적임을 알 수 있었으며 또한 곡선적합으로 도출한 반응상수값은 미생물을 이용하여 호수와 하천의 정화정도를 simulation함에 필요한 실험인자로서 응용이 가능하게 되었다.

The transesterification of rapeseed oil, soybean oil, and mixed fat were conducted at 65℃ with Al2O3-supported CaO, 0.8 wt% KOH, 1 wt% NaOH and mixed catalyst. The overall conversion(%) of rapeseed oil indicated to be 96% at the 12:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil, 8 wt% CaO and 2 wt% water. The pH ranges of biodiesel for mixed fat using four catalysts and for three fats using 8wt% CaO were 7.3-9.1, 7.3-7.5, respectively. The volumes of water needed to wash biodiesel from rapeseed oil using 0.8 wt% KOH and 8 wt% CaO were 15 mL and 3 mL.

참기름은 높은 항산화활성 및 항암작용 등의 우수한 영양학적 가치를 지니는 반면 비싼 가격으로 인하여 가짜 참기름의 유통이 범람하여 이를 판별할 수 있는 분석 방법의 확립이 요구되는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 질량분석기를 바탕으로 한 전자코를 이용하여 대두유가 혼합된 참기름을 제조하여 진위 판별을 시도하기위하여 각각의 유지를 전자코를 이용하여 분석, 통계처리하였다. 혼합 참기름의 휘발성 향기성분으로부터 생성되는 ion fragment 중 40-160 amu에서 각 시료 간에 차별성이 높은 fragment (m/z)를 선택하여 해당 intensity값을 판별 분석한 결과, 참기름 및 대두유는 뚜렷하게 구분되었다. 참기름 및 대두유, 옥수수유, 들기름을 각각의 순수한 상태로 향기성분 분석을 한 결과 서로 다른 위치에서 정확하게 분리됨을 알 수 있었고, 대두유와 옥수수유의 경우 타 기름과는 달리 순수한 공기 성분과 비슷한 위치에서 확인되는 것으로 휘발성 향기성분의 감응도가 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 판단된다. 미량의 대두유가 혼합된 참기름은 첨가된 대두유의 농도에 비례하여 제1판별함수값(DF1)과 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 참향후 참기름의 위조 여부를 검증하는 방법에 하나로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

This study is on the feasibility of use of glycoprotein in various areas such as cosmetics and food etc. by extracting, isolating and refining glycoprotein from carrots, red ginseng extract residue, sesame and pine needles using protease(pepsin) and by analyzing general characteristics and measuring various bioactivities. The results of analysis of nutritional composition showed protein contents of glycoprotein. In the analysis of constitutive amino acids, the ratio of contents of hydroxy proline and glycine, the characteristics of glycoproteins appeared similar and the contents of glutamic acid and aspartic acid appeared higher. As a result of measurement contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid, it showed that glycoprotein had more contents generally, and the effect of bioactivity of glycoprotein appeared higher although different kinds of glycoprotein showed a little DPPH radical and nitrite scavenging ability, total antioxidant capacity by ABTS, ACE inhibitory.

This study was performed to investigate the status of using agricultural information and develope desirable strategy to offer agricultural information for leaf vegetables farmers.187 farmers are surveyed to collect data. Many farmers get agricultural information through various channel.They satisfied with agricultural information contents, rightness of time but dissatisfied with the easiness of gain, fitness of information relatively. And the mean score of farmer's information needs on agricultural information were higher than that of theoretical mean. relatively high items were new seed information, technology of cultivation, pesticide purchase and prevention, laborer finding, consumer information, the trend of leaf vegetables price, marketing place, government's agricultural policy and laws etc.To make farmers get information easily, we recommend to gather information at one place and provide them on internet portal site composed with information related for paddy rice farmers. To make desirable information service system, farmers should bring up their internet searching ability, and agricultural extension officers in count/city have to make effort to provide useful information more often by various communication methods such as visiting farmers, using internet or e-mail service, pamphlet, and so on.

This study was conducted to investigate the vegetable eating behaviors and preferences of elementary school students by stage of change for vegetable intake. The subjects consisted of 191 fourth and fifth grade elementary school students from Gyeonggi province. The stage of change for vegetable intake was categorized into three groups: precontemplation (PC, 18.4%), preparation (P, 43.5%), and action/maintenance (A&M, 48.2%). The trend to eat a variety of foods was more distinctive as the students went from the PC to the A&M stage. The stage of change for vegetable intake was closely related with the kimchi-eating pattern of the students. The A&M group ate more vegetables than the PC group because they liked vegetables and/or wanted to prevent disease. The PC group had a lower tendency to follow recommendations for vegetable eating than the P and A&M groups. The PC group also had an incorrect notion that low vegetable consumption over an extended time would not have a big impact on their health. The vegetables of high preference for the elementary school students were potato, sweet potato, lettuce, radish, perilla leaf, cucumber, and cabbage. The vegetables of low preference were spinach, onion, balloon flower, and green pepper. The PC group had lower preferences for most vegetables than the P and A&M groups. Therefore, careful nutrition education is necessary especially for students in the PC group in order to explain the positive effects of vegetable intake and negative effects of an unbalanced diet. It is also necessary to survey students' tastes consistently and to develop recipes that encourage them to consume more vegetables agreeably.

The purpose of this study was to measuring the causal relationships among food involvement, health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, weight control and vegetable consumption. A total of 290 questionnaires were completed. Structural equation model was used to measure the causal relationships among constructs. Results of the study demonstrated that the structural analysis result for the data also indicated excellent model fit. The effects of food involvement on health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, weight control and vegetable consumption were statistically significant. As expected, health, mood, sensory appeal and eight control had significant effects on vegetable consumption. Moreover, health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal and weight control played mediating roles in the relationship between food involvement and vegetable consumption. In conclusion, based on structural analysis, a model was proposed of interrelations among food involvement, health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, weight control and vegetable consumption. It should be noted that the original vegetable consumption model was modified and should, preferably, be alidated in future research. Other variables, such as attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control, may be incorporated to form vegetable consumption models that consist of new antecedent and consequence pairs.

This technology is to highly produce heat by microorganism during fermentation of mushroom sludge as a byproduct at farm field which would be established more competitive in mushroom growers and distinguished technology with ordinary mushroom growers. Furthermore this technology could be reduced energy as well as high efficiency in resource uses. There was highly reduction in energy consumption using by heat during fermentation of mushroom sludge which was produced by different media material with vegetable for mushroom cultivation. After 4 days the inner temperature during fermentation of mushroom media was a little changes of 61～50℃ and inner temperature of fermentation chamber was 55～45℃, inlet temperature of cooling water was 17℃, outlet temperature was 44～35℃, and ambient temperature was 28℃ at daytime and 14℃ at night time which was relatively constant. A heat exchange from fermentation chamber was 1090～648㎉/10min and the maximum heat exchange was 11550～1064㎉/10min which was caused to reduce fermentation heat with time The efficiency of heat exchange was distributed with 81～61% with time.

본 연구는 몇 가지 채소(비트, 쑥갓, 상추, 케일, 무, 시금치, 단옥수수, 토마토)의 제염효과를 알아보기 위해 인위적으로 처리한 염류 집적 토양에서 재배후 작물 생육과 토양내 염류 함량을 조사하였다. 채소작물별 초장으로 본 생육은 EC 5dS·m-1의 염류토양에서 상추와 쑥갓의 생육이 가장 크게 억제되었다. EC 5dS·m-1수준의 염류토양에서 EC 잔존율은 토마토, 옥수수, 케일 순으로 낮았으며 비료 성분별 제염효과는 NO3의 경우는 옥수수, 토마토, 케일, K는 옥수수, 토마토, 비트, P2O5는 옥수수와 토마토가 가장 우수하였다. 제염효과는 재배기간이 60일이었던 토마토, 옥수수가 가장 우수하였으나, 염류토양 재배시 수확물의 상품성 저하와 재배시기 주작물 재배시기와 겹치는 문제가 있고, 생체중당 제염효과는 낮았다. 이에 반해 케일은 재배기간 30일로 짧고, 생육억제효과가 적으며, 생체중당 제염효과가 가장 우수하여 제염효과가 있는 전작 작물로 적합하리라 사료된다.