The purpose of the present study is to compare the use of discourse markers by pre-service training students and in-service training teachers in middle school contexts. For this purpose, 20 participants in each of the pre-service (PS) and in-service (IS) teacher groups were selected and their teaching was videotaped. Then, the data was transcribed with a focus on the use of discourse markers. The results of the study demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the use of macro-markers between the two groups. However, it is interesting that student teachers in the PS group used various expressions for elaboration a little more frequently than the IS group. In addition, significant differences were found in the use of micro-markers between the two groups in terms of segmentation and temporal markers. On the basis of the results, some pedagogical implications on the teaching of listening and teacher training are suggested.

Abstract
  Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION
  Ⅱ. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
  Ⅲ. Research Methods
  Ⅳ. Results and Discussion
  Ⅴ. Conclusion
  REFERENCES

• Eun-ju Kim(Ewha Womans University)