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중국 인터넷 범죄의 현황과 형법규제 KCI 등재

The current situation of China's Cybercrime and the Criminal Law Regulation

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가천법학 (Gachon Law Review)
가천대학교 법학연구소 (Gachon University Law Research Institute)
초록

网络犯罪是指行为人在网络空间内利用计算机及其网络实施的严重侵害法益的行为。网络犯罪的外延包括:一是针对计算机及其网络的犯罪,如非法进入,系统截断,修改、删减或者清除数据,恶意攻击网络等等;二是在网络空间实施的 以网络虚拟物品为行为对象的犯罪,如盗窃网络游戏装备等;三是利用网络实施 的传统犯罪,如通过网络盗窃他人银行存款或者诈骗他人财物等。网络犯罪的主 要类型包括:(1)妨害互联网运行安全的犯罪;(2)利用或者通过互联网实 施的危害国家安全或社会稳定的犯罪;利用互联网实施的破坏社会主义市场经济 秩序和社会管理秩序的犯罪;利用互联网侵犯个人、法人和其他组织的人身、财产等合法权利的犯罪;利用互联网实施的上述行为以外的其他行为构成的犯罪。 中国网络犯罪的基本特点是:(1)犯罪主体低龄化,未成年人犯罪突出;(2)犯罪行为方式隐蔽,犯罪黑数大;(3)取证困难,打击难度大;(4)网络犯罪成本低,风险小。中国1997年刑法规定了两种计算机犯罪,一种是刑法 第285条的非法侵入计算机信息系统罪,二是刑法第286条的破坏计算机信息系统罪。由于中国1997年刑法关于计算机犯罪的规定存在严重缺陷,导致司法实 践中对计算机犯罪的刑法规制出现了功能性障碍。2009年2月28日,中国最高 立法机关全国人民代表大会常务委员会颁布了《中华人民共和国刑法修正案 (七)》,其中对计算机犯罪网络犯罪进行了补充和修改。《刑法修正案(七)》关于计算网络犯罪增加了两个新罪名,一是非法获取计算机信息系统数据、非法控制计算机信息系统罪;二是提供侵入、非法控制计算机信息系统程序、工具罪。

Cybercrime refers to the crime committed by the means of computer and network in the cyberspace which cause serious infringement on legal interests. It includes three parts: crimes aiming at Computer and internet, e.g. system truncated, system modifications, deleting or clearing data, malicious attacks on Web; crimes aiming at virtual items implemented in the network space, e.g. steal of online games equipment; traditional crimes committed by the use of internet, e.g. stealing of others’ bank deposits or defrauding others’ property. The main types of cybercrime are as follows: (1) crimes interfering with the security of internet operations. (2) crimes endangering national security or social stability; crimes destroying the socialist market economic order and the management of social order; crimes infringing the legitimate rights of individual, legal entity or other organization e.g. civil rights, property rights; crimes committed through other acts except the above-mentioned behaviors. Here are basic characteristics of China cybercrime: (1)criminals of young age, juvenile crime is highlighted;(2)secret criminal behaviors and large dark figure of crime;(3)great difficulty in obtaining evidence and combating criminal;(4) low cost and little risk during the cybercrime committing. The Criminal Law of China in 1997 provides two kinds of computer-related crimes. One is Invasion of Computer Information System provided in section 285 of the Penal Code, the other is Destruction of Computer Information Systems provided in section 286. Due to the serious flaws in the related provisions, functional handicaps concerning the computer crime in the judicial practice is resulted. So Amendment Ⅶ to Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China is enacted by NPC Standing Committee on Feb 28,2009, which supplemented and revised the computer crime and cybercrime. Two new crimes are added ,the crime of illegal access to computer systems data, illegal control over the crime of computer information systems and the crime of providing the procedures and tools used for invading, controlling the computer information systems.

목차
一、 中国网络犯罪的现状
(一) 网络犯罪的理论界定
(二) 中国网络犯罪的发案情况
(三) 网络犯罪的主要类型
(四) 网络犯罪的基本特点
二、 中国网络犯罪的刑事立法
三、 中国网络犯罪的典型案例及司法认定
(一) 网络“裸聊”行为的典型案例及司法认定
(二) “熊猫烧香”病毒案
(三) 网上盗窃虚拟财产案
저자
  • 柳忠卫(山东栖霞人,山东大学法学院教授,法学博士、博士后,主要研究方向是中国刑法学、刑事政策学和刑事执行法学。) | 류충위